如何将新概念二册24课由直接引语是什么意思改为间接引语

初中英语语法大全:直接引语和间接引语
来源:网络
1定义:直接引语和间接引语:在陈述句中,直接引用说话人原来的语句,称为直接引语。在书写时,直接引语用引号。用自己的词语来转述表达原来说话人说的内容,称为间接引语。
2、直接引语改变为间接引语:&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时应注意以下各点:&
①不用引号,而用连接词that,但有时可省略。
②人称作相应变化;
如:She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.” 她说:“我昨天去看过刘老师了。”
She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她说那天她去看过刘老师了。
③时态的变化列表如下:
一般现在时:
“I am very glad to visit your workshop,” she said.
“我很高兴参观你们的车间。”她说。
一般过去时:
She said that she was very glad to visit our workshop.
她说她很高兴参观我们的车间。
正在进行时:
“I am checking your homework now,”his mother said.
&“我现在正在检查你的作业,”他母亲说。
过去进行时:
His mother said that she was checking his homework then. 他母亲说她当时正在检查他的作业。
现在完成时:
“Have you handed in the money for the tickets?”the monitor asked. “你交票款了吗?”班长问。
过去完成时:
The monitor asked me if I had handed in the money for the tickets. 班长问我是否交票款了。
一般过去时:
She said, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” 她说,“我母亲昨天带我去看了展览。”
过去完成时:
She said that her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 她说她母亲前一天带她去看了展览。
但是,要注意下面的情况:直接引语说的是科学真理、格言时,无论主句用何时态,间接引语仍用一般时。如:
The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老师说:“太阳在东方升起,在西边落下。”
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
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阅读排行榜引语 知识讲解 如何把直接引语变成间接引语(北京四中网校-〉名师答疑-〉高一-〉英语) 
  欢迎您!
                        
               
  引语 知识讲解 如何把直接引语变成间接引语
  如何把直接引语变成间接引语?请把所有的变化方法注明。
  直接引语和间接引语
  直接引语和间接引语
&&说话人在转述别人的话时,可以一字不变地加以引用,被引用的话在语法上叫做直接引语。例如:
&&John&said,&&I''m&going&to&London&with&my&father.&
&&说话人用自己的话转述别人的话时,可以对原话有所改动,这叫做间接引语。
John&said&that&he&was&going&to&London&with&his&father.
【直接引语变为间接引语】
&&直接引语变为间接引语时在人称、句式、时态、和某些词汇上要做相应的改动。
1.人称变化
&&如果直接引语是第三者说话,或虽是自己说的话,但听的人已经换了人,则人称要作相应的改变。如:
&&A.&If&you&aren''t&here&on&time&tomorrow.&&Mr.&Hopkins&said,&&I''ll&write&to&your&parents.&
&&→Mr.&Hopkins&told&Mary&that&if&she&wasn''t&there&on&time&the&next&day&he&would&write&to&her&parents.
&&B.I&told&him.&&I&don''t&agree&with&you.&
&&→I&told&him&that&I&didn''t&agree&with&him.
2.时态变化
&&1)引述句(主句)中谓语动词的时态如果是现在时或将来时,则间接引语的+时态和原址介引语的时态一样,不作改变。如:
He&says.&&I&have&finish&my&homework.&&
→He&says&that&he&has&finished&his&homework
&&2)引述句的谓语动词是过去时态时,则间接引语的时态一般应作相应的变化。详见下表:
&&&&直接引语&间接引语
&&&&直接引语&
&间接引语&
&
一般现在时&
&一般过去时&
&
现在进行时&
&过去进行时&
&
现在完成时&
&过去完成时&
&
一般过去时&
&过去完成时&
&
过去完成时&
&过去完成时&
&
一般将来时&
&过去将来时&
&
can&
&could&
&
may&
&might&
&
must&
&had&&must&
&
shall&
&should&
&
will&
&would&
&
&&注意:&在以下几种情况时,尽管引述句(主句)的谓语动词是过去时态,间接引语中谓语动词的时态也无须改变。&
(1)直接引语有表示纯属过去的时间状语时,间接引语一般仍可用一般过去时,而不改为过去完成时。如:
He&said,&&I&joined&the&Party&in&1938&.&&
→He&said&that&he&joined&that&Party&in&1938.
(2)所转述的是现在的习惯动作、科学真理、格言等,并对此点加以强调时。如:
He&said,&&Practice&makes&perfect.&&
→&He&said&that&practice&makes&perfect.
3.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化
&&
&直接引语&
&间接引语&
&
指示代词&
&this&
&that&
&
&&
&&语&
&these&
&those&
&
now&
&then&
&
today&
&that&day&
&
this&morning&
&that&morning&
&
tonight&
&that&night&
&
tomorrow&
&the&next/following&day&
&
yesterday&
&the&day&before&
&
last&night&
&the&night&before&
&
the&day&before&yesterday&
&two&days&before&
&
next&week&
&the&next/following&week&
&
yesterday&morning&
&the&morning&before&
&
tomorrow&morning&
&the&next/following&morning&
&
in&three&days&
&three&days&later&
&
here&
&there&
&
地点状语&
&bring&
&take&
&
方向性动词&
&come&
&go&
&
4.句式的变化:
1)直接引语是陈述句时
&&间接引语用that引导。主句的引述动词主要有say,&tell,&repeat,&whisper,&answer,&reply,&explain,&think等。例如:
&&&Mr.&Smith&is&leaving&for&Shanghai&the&day&after&tomorrow.&&&he&said&to&me.
&&→&He&told&me&that&Mr.&Smith&was&leaving&for&Shanghai&in&two&days.
2)直接引语是疑问句时
&&变为间接引语须将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,句末用句号。主句中的谓语动词是say时,要改为ask,&或wonder,&do&not&know,&want&to&know,&be&not&sure等。所转述的疑问句又分以下几种情况:
(1)所转述的是一般疑问句或反意疑问句时,须将问句变为由if或whether引导的宾语从句。如:
&&He&said,&&Do&you&often&come&here&for&a&visit&?&
&&→He&asked&(me)&if&I&often&went&there&for&a&visit.
&&She&asked&me,&&You&have&seen&the&film,&haven''t&you?&
&&→She&asked&me&whether&(=if)&I&had&seen&the&film.
(2)所转述的是选择问句时,须用连词whether...or...而不用if…or...引导宾语从句。如:
&&I&asked&him,&&Will&you&stay&at&home&or&go&to&a&film&tonight?&
&&→I&asked&whether&he&would&stay&at&home&or&go&to&a&film&that&night.
(3)所转述的是特殊疑问句时,需用原来的疑问词来引导宾语从句。如:&
&&&What&is&your&name&?&&he&asked&me.
&&He&asked&me&what&my&name&was.
3)直接引语时祈使句时
&&变间接引语时须将祈使句的谓语动词变成不定式,作宾语补足语。原主句谓语动词say须改为ask,&beg,&tell,&order,&command,&warn或advise等含有祁使意义的及物动词。如:
&&&Please&sit&down&and&have&a&rest,&&&she&said&to&us.
&&→She&asked&us&to&sit&down&and&have&a&rest.
&&The&teacher&said,&&Be&careful&with&your&pronunciation.&
&&→The&teacher&told&us&to&be&careful&with&our&pronunciation.
&&否定的祈使句在改为间接引语时,须在不定式前加not。如:
&?i&?Don''t&make&so&much&noise,&children!&&&she&said.
&&She&told&the&children&not&to&make&so&much&noise.
&&有些表示&建议&、&提议&、&劝告&、或&要求&的祈使句,可用suggest,&insist,&offer等动词加以转述,此时须注意这些动词的搭配。如:
&&He&said,&&Let''s&go&to&the&theatre.&
&&→He&suggested&that&we&(should)&go&to&the&theatre.
&&He&said,&&Let&me&do&it&for&you.&
&&→&He&offered&to&do&it&for&me.
4)直接引语时感叹句时
&&变间接引语时可用what&或how引导,也可用that引导。如:
&&She&said,&&What&a&lovely&day&it&is&!&
&&→She&said&what&a&lovely&day&it&was.
&&→She&said&that&it&was&a&lovely&day.
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2018高一英语知识点:直接引语与间接引语
来源:网络整理
作者:长晓独
  导读:在掌握高中英语词汇和词组的基础上,熟练应用各种语法,这是高考英语拿高分的基础。与初中语法相比,高中的语法更为详细。为了帮助同学们更好的学习高中语法知识,长沙新东方整理了高中英语的知识点,供同学们参考学习。
  直接引语变间接引语
  一、如何变人称:
  下面有一句顺口溜"一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新"。"一随主"是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:
  She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to
go with her.
  "二随宾"是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:
  He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was
  "第三人称不更新"是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如:
  Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good
  二、如何变时态:
  直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。
  现在时它需改为过去时态;过去时态改为完成时;过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如:
  1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
  2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
  3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see
his friend。
  但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。
  ①直接引语是客观真理。
  "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the
teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the
moon moves around the earth。
  ②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。如:
  Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack
asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。
  ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如:
  Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born
on April 20, 1980。
  ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。如:
  He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every
  ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例:could,
should, would, might)不再变。如:
  Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go
there that day。
  三、如何变状语:
  直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规津,时间状语由"现在"改为"原来"(例:now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day
before)地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由"此"改为"彼"(例:this 改为that),如:
  He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.
  四、如何变句型:
  ①直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如:She said, "Our bus will arrive in five
minutes."→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
  ②直接引语如果是反意疑问句,选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如:He said, "Can you
swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.
  "You have finished the homework, haven't you?" my mother asked. →My mother
asked me whether I had finished the homework.
  "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school
by bus or by bike.
  ③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。
  She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had
their dinner.
  ④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth."句型。如:
  "Don't make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the
children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She
asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
  ⑤直接引语如果是以"Let's"开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用"suggest +动句词(或从句)。"如:
  He said, "Let's go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He
suggested that they should go to see the film.
  引述别人的话有两种方式:一是使用引号引出人家的原话,这叫做直接引语;一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来,这叫做间接引语。例如:
  John said, "I'm going to London with my father."
  约翰说:"我要和父亲到伦敦去。"(引号内是直接引语)
  John said that he was going to London with his father.
  约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦。(宾语从句是间接引语)
  由直接引语变为间接引语,分以下情况:
  1. 直接引语是陈述句时
  间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say ,tell, repeat, explain,
  He said , "You are younger than I."-'He said (that ) I was younger than
  2.直接引语是疑问句时
  间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not
sure, be puzzled等。
  (1) 一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。
  She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"
  →She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.
  She asked me , "You have seen the film, haven't you?"
  →She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.
  (2) 选择疑问句变为whether....or 宾语从句。
  I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"
  →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.
  (3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。
  He asked , "Where do you live?"
  →He asked me where I lived.
  3.直接引语是祈使句时
  间接引语为不定式,作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语(don't 变为not ).
  The teacher said to the boy, "Open the window."→The teacher told the boy to
open the window.
  His father said to him , "Don't leave the door open."→His father told him
not to leave the door open.[注意](1) 有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句,可以用suggest ,insist等动词
加以转述。例如:
  He said, "Let's go to the theatre."
  →He suggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go
to the theatre.
  (2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked.
  →He asked me to open the window.
  "Why don't you take a walk after supper?" he asked .
  →he advised me to take a walk after supper.
  "Shall we listen to the music?" he asked.
  →He suggested listening to the music.
  4.直接引语是感叹句时
  间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。
  She said, "What a lovely day it is !"
  →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.
  5.如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化:
  (1) 一般现在时变为一般过去时
  (2) 现在进行时变为过去进行时
  (3) 一般将来时变为过去将来时
  (4) 现在完成时变为过去完成时
  (5) 一般过去时变为过去完成时
  (6) 过去完成时不变,仍为过去完成时[注意](1) 如果直接引语是表示客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
  The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun."
  →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
  (2) 如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语,变为间接引语时,一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如:
  He said to me, "I was born in 1973."
  →He told me that he was born in 1973.
  (3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效,变为间接宾语时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
  He said, "I'm a boy, not a girl."
  →He said that he is a boy ,not a girl.
  (4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作,在变为间接引时,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如:
  The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."
  →The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.
  (5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while
引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变。如:
  He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."
  →He told me that he had taught English since he came here.
  (6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词 must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should,
would,在变为间接引语时,这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如:
  The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your
pronunciation."
  →The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my
pronunciation.
  He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."
  →He said that he could swim when he was only six.
  6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。
  指示代词 this ---that
  these--- those
  表示时间的词 now --- then
  today--- that day
  this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)
  yesterday ----the day before
  last week(month) --- the week(month) before
  three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before
  tomorrow ----the next (following ) day
  next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)
  表地点的词 here --there
  动词 bring -- takecome -go
  延伸阅读:
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