amuse的翻译中文意思-在线英汉词典
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简明英汉词典amuse[E5mju:z]vt.使发笑, 使愉快美国传统词典[双解]amusea.museAHD:[…-my?z“] D.J.[*6mju8z]K.K.[*6mjuz]v.tr.（及物动词）a.mused， a.mus.ing， a.mus.es(1)To occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion.娱乐，消遣：以愉快、欢乐或娱乐的方式占有(2)To cause to laugh or smile by giving pleasure.逗乐，逗笑：通过娱乐而使大笑或微笑(3)Archaic To delude or deceive.【古语】 哄骗，欺骗语源(1)Middle English 中古英语 (2)from Old French amuser [to stupefy] 源自 古法语 amuser [使…目瞪口呆] (3)a- [to] from Latin ad- * see ad- a- [到] 源自 拉丁语 ad- *参见 ad-(4)muser [to stare stupidly] * see muse muser [呆呆地盯着] *参见 muse继承用法amus“ableadj.（形容词）amus“ern.（名词）参考词汇(1)amuse， entertain， divert， regale(2)These verbs refer to actions that provide pleasure, especially as a means of passing time. 这些动词指可提供快乐的行为，特别是作为消遣的方式。(3)Amuse, the least specific, implies directing the attention away from serious matters: Amuse 意义最笼统，指把注意力从重要的事情上转移开：I amused myself with a game of solitaire. 我玩单人纸牌戏使自己放松。(4)Entertain suggests acts undertaken to furnish amusement: Entertain 指进行某种活动增加快乐：“They [timetables and catalogs] are much more entertaining than half the novels that are written” (W. Somerset Maugham). “它们 比创作的半数小说更能使人得到娱乐” （萨默塞?毛姆）。(5)Divert implies distraction from worrisome thought or care: Divert 指注意力从烦人的事情上转移开：“I had neither Friends or Books to divert me” (Richard Steele). To “我既没有朋友也没有书籍让我分心” （理查德?斯提尔）。(6)regale is to entertain with something enormously enjoyable: regale 就是用非常有趣的事物来消遣：“He loved to regale his friends with tales about the many memorable characters he had known as a newspaperman” (David Rosenzweig).“他喜欢讲些他当记者时认识的许多名人的故事给朋友们消遣” （大卫?罗森斯维格）现代英汉词典amuse[E5mju:z]vt.amused, amusing(1)使欢乐；逗…笑His story amuses me.他的故事使我发笑。We were all amused at his foolish behaviour.我们对他那愚蠢的行为都感到好笑。(2)娱乐； 消遣She amused herself by reading detective stories.她读侦探小说消遣。The children amused themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.孩子们玩捉迷藏游戏取乐。现代英汉综合大辞典amuse[E5mju:z]vt.(1)给...娱乐[消遣](2)使...喜欢[高兴](3)逗...乐[笑]I amuse myself with (by) reading.我以读书自娱。We were amused at the joke.我们觉得这个笑话真有趣。继承用法amusement[E5mju:zmEnt]n.词性变化amusive[E5mju:ziv]adj.习惯用语be amused at以...为乐; 对...觉得有趣[好笑]be amused by以...为乐; 对...觉得有趣[好笑]be amused with以...为乐; 对...觉得有趣[好笑]amuse oneself with以...自娱用法词典amuse来自法语amuser, a-在+muser盯着参考词汇amusing,interesting这两个词不是同义词，但都含有“引起兴趣的”这一含义。其差别在于：amusing指在娱乐、嬉戏时有趣的东西给人的感觉，或者在非集中思想于工作、学习时某有趣的东西给人们的感觉；interesting指在任何时候某有趣的事物引起了人的注意。I had an amusing experience last year.去年我有过一次好笑的经历。He is an amusing story teller.他讲的故事很使人发笑。The play was very interesting. I didn't enjoy it.那出戏很有趣。我没能欣赏。He got a very interesting job.他找了一个自己很感兴趣的工作。英文相关词典amusedelight&&&&divert&&&&entertain&&&&tickle&&&&titillate&&&&bore&&&&tire&&&&美国传统词典amusea.museAHD:[…-my?z“] D.J.[*6mju8z]K.K.[*6mjuz]v.tr.a.mused, a.mus.ing, a.mus.es(1)To occupy in an agreeable, pleasing, or entertaining fashion.(2)To cause to laugh or smile by giving pleasure.(3)Archaic To delude or deceive.语源(1)Middle English (2)from Old French amuser [to stupefy] (3)a- [to] from Latin ad- * see ad- (4)muser [to stare stupidly] * see muse 继承用法amus“ableadj.amus“ern.参考词汇(1)amuse, entertain, divert, regale (2)These verbs refer to actions that provide pleasure, especially as a means of passing time. (3)Amuse, the least specific, implies directing the attention away from serious matters: I amused myself with a game of solitaire. (4)Entertain suggests acts undertaken to furnish amusement: “They [timetables and catalogs] are much more entertaining than half the novels that are written” (W. Somerset Maugham). (5)Divert implies distraction from worrisome thought or care: “I had neither Friends or Books to divert me” (Richard Steele). To (6)regale is to entertain with something enormously enjoyable: “He loved to regale his friends with tales about the many memorable characters he had known as a newspaperman” (David Rosenzweig).英汉化学大词典amuse vt.使...高兴 英汉计算机大词典amuse vt.使...高兴
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Mail: Copyright by ；All rights reserved.转《新概念英语二笔记》（3/7）
Lesson 31&& Success
【New words and expressions】（8）
n. 帮手，助手
★retire&&&&
retire =stop working =stop doing this
He is getting old, He is going to
retire.&& 他越来越老, 他打算退休了
I'm going to retire next
year.&&&&&
我明年会退出影坛或歌坛
I'm so tired that I'm going to retire now. (retire = go to
★company&&&
firm&&& n.
corporation&&&&
n. 责任公司
corporation&&&&&
有限责任公司（缩略形式：Ltd.Co）
business&&&&
n. 生意，公司
He works in my
business.&&&&
他在我的公司工作
★save&&&&
① vt. 挽救，救助，拯救
save one's life
The doctor saved the child’s life.
They saved the child from the fire.
save one's face&& 挽会面子
② vt. 积蓄，储蓄
He used to save letters.
save money& 存钱
& He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
西方人不喜欢提钱, 所以用 save up 表示存钱
I have saved up for many
years.&& 我已经存了好几年的钱
Save it for a rainy day.&&
未雨绸缪, 为将来需要而做好准备
★workshop&&&&
workshop&&&&
n. 车间（工作并且可以拿出来卖）
workhouse&&&
n. 感化院（强迫劳动的地方）
★helper&&&&
n. 帮手, 助手
assistant&&&
★employ&&&&&
employee&&&
；employer&&&&
trainer&&&&
；trainee&&&&&
n. 接受训练的人
Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his
experiences as a young man. Before he retired, Frank was the head
of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a
small shop. It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he
used to work fourteen hours a day. He saved money for years and in
1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. In his twenties Frank
used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two
helpers. In a few years the small workshop had become a large
factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. Frank
smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to
success. He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife
came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle!
昨天下午弗兰克.霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历. 在退休前, 弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理,
但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工. 他那时的工作是修理自行车, 并且通常是一天工作14个小时. 他靠多年积蓄,
于1958年买下了自己的一个小铺子. 20多岁的时候, 弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件. 那时他有两个帮手. 几年之后,
小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有728人的大工厂. 弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路, 微笑了. 他正笑着的时候门开了,
他的妻子走了进来. 她叫他去修理孙子的自行车.
【课文讲解】
1、Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business
company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.
head是“首领、头目”的意思，“the head of+名词”的意思是“……的老板，头”
& John is the head of the
family.&&&
& Frank is the head of the
弗兰克是那家公司的总裁。
used to do
sth.&&& 过去常常,
但是现在不做
My teacher used to live
there.&&&&
我的老师过去住在那(现在不住了)
there.&&&&
他过去住在那(不知道现在是否住在那)
work…as…&&&&
作为……工作
He used to work as a teacher.
as a boy = as he was a
（as的意思是“当……的时候”）
as a young
当他年轻的时候
2、It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to
work fourteen hours a day.
at that time =just then =at that
moment&&&&
3、He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small
workshop of his own.
of one's own&
&&自己的，属于自己的（own为代词）
& Do you have a house of your own?
my own book& (own 起强调作用, 自己的)
用of one's own 或 one's own 由被修饰词的位置决定, 如果被修饰名词在前边, 用of one's own,
如果被修饰名词在后边, 用one's own
4、In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for
aeroplanes.
在某人几十岁的时候
twenties/thirties/forties/fifties/nineties，十的倍数的复数形式可用于表达近似的、非确定的数量，与所有格形容词连用时表示大约的年龄。
fifties&&&
在我五十多岁的时候
In his fifties, he learned the second language.
1980s&&&&&
在二十世纪八十年代
I worked /began the job in the 1990s.
5、In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory
which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.
become&&&&&
成长为……
在一些年之后
…factory which
employed…&&&&&
工厂雇佣……（除了人可以雇佣外，工厂、公司也可以这样表达)
6、Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the
long road to success.
one’s hard early years =early in one’s
某人的早年艰辛（生活）
the long road to
success&&&&&
通往成功的长路
There is a long way to go.&&
还有很长的路要走。
remember&&&
v. 记得, 回忆起
memory&& n.
；memorize&& v. 记住
【Key structures】　
过去进行时与一般过去时
过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比，它更强调动作的持续性，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时，过去进行时往往用来表示背景。
When I was watering the garden, it began to rain.
As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot.
used to do
used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now…，but
not…any more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。
& I used to smoke, but I don’t any
more/longer.
He used to be a postman a long time ago.& He's
a taxi driver now.
很久以前他曾是个邮递员, 现在他是个出租车司机.
I have given up smoking.& I used to smoke very
我已经戒烟了, 过去我吸烟很厉害.
I used to collect stamps when I was a boy.
当我还是个小男孩时, 我常搜集邮票.
used to仅用于一般过去。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do而用used本身。
& Used he to smoke?
& He usedn’t /used not to smoke.
但比较常用的形式是did和didn’t
& Did he use to smoke?
& He didn’t use to smoke.
在针对used to提问时，一般也用did：
& I used to be a good swimmer.
& Did you really? I didn’t even know you could
【Special Difficulties】
Experience
① n. 经历(可数名词)
He told me about his experiences as a young man.
② n. 经验(不可数名词)
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.
Does she have any experience in teaching?
③ vt. 经验，体验
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.
experienced&&&&
adj. 有经验的，经验丰富的
& John is an experienced driver.
① vt.& vi. 救助，搭救，拯救
save one's
挽救某人的生命
& The doctor saved the child’s life.
save one's
face&&& 挽回面子
② vt.& vi. 储蓄，积攒
存钱（多余的钱）
& He saved (money) for years to buy a car.
save it for a rainy
economize []&&
v.经济，节省（能不用的就不用，节衣缩食）
Work and Job
work和job都翻译为“工作”，job为可数名词，一般与“职业、职位”有关，或表示某人的“份内事”；work作“工作”讲时是不可数名词，常指具体的“劳动、作业”或“（待做的）工作或事务”等，也可能表示“上班”。
John is looking for a new job.
I’m looking for work as a driver.
I am looking for a new job.
It was his job to repair bicycles.
【Composition】
Frank (not only) (neither) (repaired) (made)his grandson's
bicycle, (but)(also)went for a ride on it(as well)(both). He
(said)(told)me later:‘I(make)(do)aeroplanes, (and) (but) I prefer
bicycles.’
not only / repaired / but /as well / told /make/ but
go for a ride/go for a walk 骑车出去/出去散步
ride a car/bicycle/horse
go for a ride on sth (对自行车只能用 “on” )& 出去骑车
prefer [] vt.更喜欢, 宁愿
【Multiple choice questions】
1& When he was a young man, Frank __d__.
a. owned a small shop&
&&&&&&&&&&&
b. made spare parts for aeroplanes
c. made spare parts for bicycles& d. worked
hard and saved his money
&(a)(b)选项是作为 “he was a young man” 中的一个部分
3& Frank used to work in a small shop. He
a. doesn't anymore
b. still does
c. is now&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
d. has never done anything else
anymore&&&&
I will not make the mistake anymore.
4& He used to work fourteen hours a day. He did
this ___c___ day.
a. one && b. some
every day / each day 每天
one day 有一天 ； some day 某一天 ； a 作为计量单位的一部分
I will beat you some
总有一天我会打败你
8& Frank is the ___a___ of a business
a. director &
headmaster
&&c. superior
&&&&&&&&&&
leader&&&&
n. 起带头作用的人
headmaster
[]&&&&
director&&&&
n. 管理公司或单位整个事务的人
Frank is a director of a business company.
superior&&&&
12& He was still smiling when the door opened
and his wife ___c___.
a. went in && b. entered in
c. entered
d. entered into
into 后面一定要加地点
enter 既是及物动词, 也是不及物动词
enter＝go in/come in&
go in 与 come in 都可以用enter代替, 但go in(离说话人越来越远) 与 come
in(离说话人越来越近) 方向不一样,文中强调的是 “进去” 而非 “进来”
Lesson 32&&
Shopping made easy
【New words and expressions】（6）
adv. 曾经，以前
temptation&
&& n. 诱惑
n. 物品，东西
★once&&&&
adj. 曾经, 以前
① once = long long
ago&&& 很久以前
② once&&&
I visited my mother once a month. (一次)
③ once&&&
连接从句，表示“一旦”
Once you leave my company, you must return the house.
★temptation n 诱惑
temptation to do
……的诱惑
temptation to
steal&&&&&
偷窃的诱惑
resist the temptation to do
&&&抵抗不了……的诱惑&
[]&&&&
vt. 抵抗, 反抗, 抗, 忍得住)
I can't resist the temptation to laugh.
★article&&&&
n. 物品, 东西
① n. 文章
This is a good article.
② n. 物品, 东西（强调的是商店里的一个一个的东西, 是可数名词, 单独的东西, 独立的个体）
thing&&& n.
指任何的东西（和article不可相互取代）
cargo []&
&&&n. 船货,
(车、船、飞机等运输的)货物
goods&&&&&
n. 货物, 商店里的货物的总称
★wrap&&&&
把……打包
Please wrap them (up) for
请替我把他们包好
pack&&& v.
打包（指为了携带, 运输的方便而打包）
I will take/get/have it. Please wrap them for me. / Please pack
them for me.
★simply&&&
&adv. 仅仅
simply = only = just
★arrest&& v. 逮捕
① vt. 逮捕，扣留
When she was arrested, she refused to say anything.
The criminal was arrested.
（criminal
[]&&& n.
罪犯, 犯罪者；adj. 犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪恶的）
② n. 逮捕，扣留
sb. be under arrest&&
某人被逮捕
& Tony is under arrest now.
control/under
control&&&&
控制/被控制
③ vt. 吸引（注意等）
arrest one's
attention&&&&&
吸引某人的注意
The beauty of the woods arrested the
tourists.&&&&
树林的美丽景色吸引了游客。
He was arrested by her
words.&&&&
她的话吸引了他。
People are not so honest as they once were. The temptation to
steal is greater than ever before--especially in large shops. A
detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always went
into a large store on Monday mornings. One Monday, there were fewer
people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was
easier for the detective to watch her. The woman first bought a few
small articles. After a little time, she chose one of the most
expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who
wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible. Then the woman simply
took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. When she
was arrested, the detective found out that the shop assistant was
her daughter. The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week
人们不再像以前那样诚实了. 偷窃的诱惑力比以往任何时候都更强烈——特别是在大的商店里. 一名侦探最近注意上了一位穿着讲究的妇女,
她总是在星期一上午进入一家大商场. 有一个星期一, 当这位妇女走进这家商场时, 里面的人比往常少, 因此, 侦探比较容易监视她.
这位妇女先是买了几样小商品. 过了一会几, 她又选了商场里最昂贵的一件衣服, 把它递给了售货员. 那售货员以最快的速度为她包好了衣服.
然后, 那妇女拿过包就走出了商场, 根本没有付钱. 她被逮捕后, 侦探发现原来那售货员是她的女儿. 那姑娘每星期 “送”
她母亲一件免费的衣服!
【课文讲解】
1、shopping made easy
made 为过去分词, 有 “被” 的意思（标题不用句子, 所以标题省略be）
make&&& v.
制造；使……怎么样
make the room clean
make shopping easy =Shopping be made easy.(句子)
2、People are not so honest as they once were.
as…as…&&&&&
和……一样（as+ adj./adv. +as +比较对象）
This case is as light as that one.
It is as heavy as that
这个东西和那个东西一样重
as…as…的否定形式是not so…as…/not as…as…
It is not as heavy as that
这个东西不如那个东西重
I am taller than you/you are not as tall as I.
less +原级 +than＝not as…as…=not
so…as…&& 不如……那样……（比较状语从句）
I am not so lucky as those fisherman.
once表示“以前，曾经”时只能与动词的过去式连用：
& He once worked at a large company.
3、The temptation to steal is greater than ever
before--especially in large shops.
the temptation to
steal&&&&&
偷窃的诱惑力
& The temptation to smoke is strong for him.
&&（to smoke为不定式）
要表现现在与过去的比较, 有两种方式 :
① they are 与 they were 或 it is /it was等在用不同时态比
they are 与 they were 在用不同时态比
You are more beautiful than you
你比过去漂亮多了
You look better than you
were.&&& (省略句 :
You look better.)
Is this your car? It was my
以前是我的车子。
worse.&&& （表示You
are better.你过去更差劲, 表示现在比以前更好了）
think&&&&&&
thought&&&&
我原以为……
② 用短语than ever before
People are not so honest as before. = People are not so honest
as they once were.
4、A detective recently watched a well-dressed woman who always
went into a large store on Monday mornings.
watch&&& v.
观察, 监视; 当心(口语中)
watch the enemy
watch sth.&&&
Watch your
“well+动词的过去分词”组成复合形容词，做定语
well-designed&&&&
设计得不错
well-educated&&&&
5、One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual
when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch
象平常 ；than
usual&&& 比平常
so it was easier for the detective to watch her.
(句中用“easier”有潜在的比较含义，it 是形式主语，for sb.中的sb.是逻辑主语
It be动词+形容词+for sb. to do
对某人来说做什么事……
The teacher bought a lot of dresses to make her more
beautiful.
(更漂亮, 不用 “more” 时会让人产生误会，用more是表示对别人的尊重)
politeness&&&&
(politeness&&&&
n. 有礼, 优雅)
6、After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive
dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant who wrapped it up
for her as quickly as possible.
after a little
过了一会儿
hand…to…&&&&
递给(比较有权威的人)
handed it to an assistant [] (前一个以 “o”
结尾, 后一个以 “元音” 开头的, 读时需再在它们之间加一个[]音, 又如：my heart go on.
[])
pass sth. to
一个一个的传递(更常用)
hand in&&&
wrap sth. up for
为某人打包……
possible&&&&&
尽可能……
& I have sent you as many books as
& He went home as soon as possible.
7、When she was arrested, the detective found out that the shop
assistant was her daughter.
发现……（后跟的宾语一般是抽象的）
find out the truth 发现真相
find sth.&&&
找到……(sth. 是看得见, 模得着的, 具体的)
I find the pen. (pen是具体的)
8、The girl 'gave' her mother a free dress once a week !
free&&& adj.
& Children under five years old travel
free.&& 5岁以下儿童免费旅行。
fee&&& adj.
parking&&&&
收费的停车场
“once a +表示时间的名词”可以表示频率：
He comes to the office once a day.
【Key structures】　
比较状语从句
比较状语从句含有或暗含有“与……相比”的意思。除了than…或more…than…这种结构外，它还包括as+形容词/副词+as…，not
so/as…as…，less…than…等结构。当句子里两个动词相同、时态也一样时，则第二个动词可以省略，比较从句就成了含蓄的从句。如果对比的东西很明显，那么为了避免重复，从句中有些成分、甚至整个从句都省略，因此这类句子往往不完整。
& People aren’t so kind as they used to be.
& No, they’re becoming less
kind.&& 是的，他们变得不那么友善了。
& He is as quick in answering as his sister
& He answers as quickly as his sister
& He is not so/as quick as his sister.
little和few的用法
little和a little与不可数名词一起使用。little表示否定，有“几乎一点儿也没有”的含义，在口语中常用not
much；a little表示肯定，具有some的含义。
& He has (very) little hope of winning this
& =He hasn’t much hope of winning this
& Have we got any bread?
& Yes, there’s a little/some in the fridge.
few和a few与复数可数名词连用。few表示否定，与little相似，在口语中多用not many；a
few表示肯定，有some的含义。
& They had few guests last weekend.
& They didn’t have many guests last
little的比较级为less，few的比较级为fewer。
& During the holiday, there is less noise in
the building.
& There are fewer travelers than there usually
【Special Difficulties】
不定冠词a通常用于表示不确定的人或事物以及第一次提到的人或事物，a强调的是后面的名词； one强调的是 “一个”
& It was one apple I ate, not two.
& There is a book and a pen on the desk.
不表示强调时，a和one有时可以互换：
& She will come home in a/one week’s time.
叙述故事时常将one+表示时间的名词用于句首，而不用a：
& One Monday, he went to the office as
【Multiple choice questions】
4& There were fewer people in the shop than
usual. There were ___b___.
a. as many as usual&
b. not as many as usual&
c. as few as usual&
d. more than usual
7& It was one of the most expensive dresses
___a___ the shop.
most expensive 最高级
① +地点用in
② +范围表示所有的人或(书)当中, 用of
③ I have ever seen/done/heard. (定语从句) 我所看过的, 做过的, 听过的
8& A detective recently watched a well-dressed
woman. He ___d___ her.
a. looked&
b. looked for&
c. looked after&
&&& d. looked
watch = look at
9& The woman first bought a few small articles.
She bought some small ___a___.
a. things &&&
b. pieces &&& c.
10& The assistant wrapped it. She ___d___
a. papered
&b. turned
&c. enveloped
&d. made a parcel of
made a parcel
制作一个包裹
12& The dress was free. It ___c___.
priceless&&&&
b. was worthless&
&& c. cost nothing
&d. was grateful
[]&&&&
adj.无价的, 极贵重的
worthless&&&&
adj. 不值钱的（Something cost money.）
adj. 免费的 （I pay nothing.）
[]&&&
&&adj.感激的, 感谢的
Lesson 33&&
Out of the darkness
【New words and expressions】（12）
v. 解释，叙述
prep. 向，朝；接近
n. 岩石，礁石
adv. 在前面
★darkness&&&&
darkness&&&
在黑暗中(在没有光线的情况下)
★explain
[]&&&&&
v. 解释, 叙述
explanation
[]&&&&
Could you give me an
explanation?&&&&&
能给我一个解释吗?
[]&&&&&&
v. 解释, (强调翻译)语言之间的解释
interpreter
[]&&&&
n. 解释程序，解释者，口译人员，翻译员，讲解员
interpretation
[]&&&&&
n. 解释, 阐明, 口译, 通译
interpretress
[]&&&&&
n. 女翻译员
★coast&&&&
n. 海岸（地理意义上的海岸, 海岸线等, 感觉旁边是岩石, 很陡峭
seashore&&&&
n. 海岸（跟游玩有关系, 为了游玩的）
seaside&&&&
seashore/ seaside 给人的感觉是旁边是沙滩, 可以进行日光浴的感觉
n. 河岸，坝，堤（两边比水面高）
★storm&&&&&
n. 暴风雨 (只解释为“风暴”)
snowstorm&&&
thunderstorm
[]&&&&
n. [气]雷暴，雷雨
heavily&&&
表示雨下得很大
[]&&&&
v. 灌注, 倾泻, 涌入, 流, 倾盆大雨
The rain is pouring.&&
&&&&倾盆大雨
It's raining cats and
★towards&&&&&&
prep. 向, 朝, 接近
towards 强调nearer and nearer（强调越来越近）
★rock&&&&
n. 岩石, 礁石
rock 表示huge stone&&
（huge[]& adj 巨大的, 极大的, 无限的）
★ahead&&&&&
adv. 在前面
a开头的词（asleep，awake，alive，ahead，alight…）往往是表语形容词。不管是作表语形容词，还是副词，都放在名词的后面，一般形容词放在名词的前面
ahead 的用法：
① 放在被修饰词的后面作定语, 定语后置
前方的灯光
② ahead
在……前面
He went ahead of me.　他走在我前面
③ go
ahead　&&&
朝前走；请随便(回答请求时用)
--Would you mind my using your telephone? / Can I use your
telephone?
--Ok, go ahead.
--Can I smoke here?
--Go ahead. /Sorry +一个原因(可能是事实, 可能是个借口)
★hospital&&&
hospital前面是否加the，和它的功能有关系，一旦+the, 只表示地点
go to hospital&&
看病& ； go to the
hospital&& 去医院（看望病人）
hospital&&& 住院 ；
hospital&&&
Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what
had happened to her. One afternoon she set out from the coast in a
small boat and was caught in a storm. Towards evening, the boat
struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea. Then she swam to
the shore after spending the whole night in the water. During that
time she covered a distance of eight miles. Early next morning, she
saw a light ahead. She knew she was near the shore because the
light was high up on the cliffs. On arriving at the shore, the girl
struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. That was all
she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in
几乎过了一个星期, 那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇. 一天下午, 她乘小船从海岸出发, 遇上了风暴. 天将黑时,
小船撞在了一块礁石上, 姑娘跳进了海里. 她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边. 在那段时间里, 她游了8英里. 第二天凌晨,
她看到前方有灯光, 知道自己已经接近岸边了, 因为那灯光是在高高的峭壁上. 到达岸边后, 姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去.
她所记得的就是这些. 第二天她醒来时, 发现自己躺在医院里.
【课文讲解】
1、Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what
had happened to her.
快一个星期了
“一段时间以后”句型：
sometime later…
Three days later, my mother
returned.&&&
（强调某人做某事，简单句)
Three days passed and then my mother returned.　
并列句, 既强调某人做某事, 又强调时间(有多久)
…passed before…
Three days passed before my mother returned.
强调时间(这么久的时间, 时间状语从句, 后面是从句)
be able to强调有能力, 且能够成功(还强调成功)；can 只表示能力
I can swim across the river.&&
我能游过这条河（但没有游过，不知道能不能成功）
I was able to swim across the river.
2、One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and
was caught in a storm.
set out = set off = begin a journey& 出发
from…&&&&&&
从……出发
in+灾难&&&&
（突然）遇到/上（风暴等）
be caught in a
earthquake&&&
(earthquake [] n. 地震)
I was caught in a
我遇上了一场雨
As soon as he left, it began to rain.
He was caught in a rain when he
left.&& 他刚一离开, 就下雨了
遇上人用meet, 遇上灾难用be caught in…
3、Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped
into the sea.
evening&&&&
天越来越晚
strike强调的往往是猛烈的撞击
4、Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in
the water.
“to”强调朝那个方向去, 但没有强调越来越近；“towards”朝那个方向去，强调距离越来越近
5、During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.
cover可笼统地表示“行过（一段路程）”，根据上下文可具体译为“走过、飞过、游过”等。
& The bird covered the distance in three
a distance
of+具体长度&&&&&
多长的距离，表示具体的距离
the red army covered a distance of
25000…&&&&
两万五千里长征
6、Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.
前方的一盏灯（ahead 放在被修饰词的后面）
7、On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff
towards the light she had seen.
“on +动名词”相当于一个由as soon as＝the moment或when引导的时间状语从句，as soon
as＝the moment后面要加句子，on 后面一定要加动词ing, 承认动词是由主句主语做的
& On reaching the airport, he was arrested by
the police.
“…up the cliff towards the…”用两个介词起到动词的作用，up在此处为介词，表示“沿着……往上”
8、That was all she remembered.&
all作表语，是先行词, she remember 修饰 all 作定语从句, 省略 that
That was all I wanted to
那就是我想说的全部
That was all I can do for you.＝I can do nothing else for
9、When she woke up a day later, she found herself in
+宾语+宾补&&&&
发现……（宾补可以由形容词或介词短语充当）
find the books
发现书摆放得整齐
I found the books in order.
When I woke up, I found myself in bed.
【Key structures】　
表示方向和目的地的介词和副词
① 表示“上、下”的两对小品词是on和off，up和down
Jim’s standing on the roof. I hope he won’t fall off.
Tom’s climbing up the tree. I hope he won’t fall down.
表示“来、去”的一对小品词是from和to；towards（强调越来越近）的意义和to（强调目标）相近，表示“朝，向，接近”等；for在有些动词后面也表示“往，向”的意思
The ball was coming towards me.
The plane flies from Moscow to New York.
He went for home.
动身到某地（强调离开，出发）
Yesterday my father left for Tianjin.
动身到某地
He left/ set out for New York yesterday.
for/to&&&&
前往 （强调“去”）
③ 表示“进去，出来”这两种方向的介词为into（进、入）和out
of（从...出来）；表示“在某个地方”或“在……里面/外面”可用at（含有一种瞄准的概念，方向性），in，out
of等；表示目的地或位置往往用at
aim at，fire at(瞄准开火)，throw at，threw to the bank
Tell him go into my house.
Did you stop anywhere on your way to the office?
去办公室的路上你在别的地方逗留过吗？
④ 表示“穿过，越过，绕过”等动词时，往往用through，across，under，over，round等介词
How did you get through the
fence?&& 你怎么穿过篱笆的？
How did you get over the wall?
【Special difficulties】
Pass and Past
pass和past的区别主要是词义上的区别，pass是动词，其过去式为passed，过去分词是passed或past。当作及物动词用时，可表示“经过，通过（考试），超过”等，作不及物动词用时可表示“（时间等）消逝”。
& Your sister passed me in her new car, driving
great speed.
& I’ve passed/past my French test.
& A month has passed/past since I left
past可以作形容词、介词、名词等，作形容词时表示“以前的，过去的”等；作介词时表示“经过，超出（范围等）”；作名词时表示“过去，昔时，往事”等。
Frank is proud of his past experience.
I go past the garden.
Can you tell me something about your past?
Next and& Other
next表示时间顺序上“紧接的，下一个”，如果以现在为基准，则next前一般不加the；如果以过去或将来的某一时间为基准，则next前面要加the或其他修饰词。
& next day 第二天
& Mary phoned the next day to tell us that she
couldn’t come to the party.
& 第二天玛丽打来电话告诉我们她不能参加晚会了。
the other day =a few days ago (几天前)，
& Mary phoned the other day to tell us that she
had arrived in London.
& 前几天玛丽来电话告诉我们她已到达伦敦。
the other day 出现一定是过去时；next day有可能是过去式, 有可能是将来式
【Multiple choice questions】
4 She swam to the shore ___a___ the night in the water.
a. having spent & &b. having
spending&&&&
c. when spending &d. had spent
只有谓语动词才有时态，句子中如果没有连词, 但有两个动词, 要把其中一个动词变成非谓语动词
从语法上讲 a, c 都对
用“when +doing”句型（when 是连词的标志）时主语要跟主句的相同，谓语动词含有be doing 结构
(两个条件必须满足)
When standing there I found the book very
interesting.&&&
(省略了I was)
She swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the
5 How ___c___ was the shore? Eight miles.
& c. far away
far from +地点(必须加)
对距离提问：
away…?&&&
(away可省略)
What's the distance…?
6 That was all she remembered. She couldn't remember
a. some more&
b. anymore
more&&&&&&
& d. none more
not any more = not any longer = not any
further& 不再
no，none 不会和 more 连用, some不会出现在否定句中
12 That was all she remembered. She couldn't ___c___ very
a. remind& & b. memorise
recollect&&&
remind&&&&
v. 提醒 ；&& memorise
[]&&&&
v. 记住 ；
[]&&&
v. 回忆 ；&&
mind&&& v.
Lesson 34&&
【New words and expressions】（2）
n. （警察）局
adv. 相当，非常
★station&&&&&
n. (警察)局 (一定是与军方, 警方有关系的)
office&&&&&&
office&&&&
I went to the
police.&&&&
我去警察局
communication bureau&& 交通局
（bureau []&& n.
★most& &adv. 相当, 非常
① adj. 用于最高级，表示“最……”
This is the most beautiful car I’ve even seen.
② adj. 大多数的，大部分的
Most doctors don’t smoke.
③ adv. 非常，很（相当于very，但通常用于表达主观感情、见解等）
只有加“the”时译为“最”，加“a”或什么也不加时译为“非常，相当”(“very”
的概念)，常与形容词作用的过去分词连用。
a most interesting book&&
非常有趣的书
I was most surprised when I heard the
news.&& 我非常惊讶
Ted Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he
received a letter from the local police. In the letter he was asked
to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted by the
police, but he went to the station yesterday and now he is not
worried any more. At the station, he was told by a smiling
policeman that his bicycle had been found. Five days ago, the
policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village
four hundred miles away. It is now being sent to his home by train.
Ted was most surprised when he heard the news. He was amused too,
because he never expected the bicycle to be found. It was stolen
twenty years ago when Ted was a boy of fifteen !
丹·鲁宾逊焦虑了整整一个星期. 上星期二他收到当地警察局的一封信, 要他到警察局去一趟. 丹奇怪警察为什么找他,
但昨天还是去了, 结果他不再担心了. 在警察局里, 一位面带笑容的警察告诉他, 他的自行车找到了. 那位警察对他说,
那辆自行车是5天前在400英里外的一个小村里发现的, 现在正用火车给他运回家来. 丹听到这个消息后, 惊奇万分, 但又感到非常好笑,
因为他从未指望那辆自行车还能找到. 这是20年前丹还是一个15岁的孩子时被人偷走的!
【课文讲解】
1、Quick work
quick& adj. 动作的快； fast& adv.
速度的快； soon&& adv. 时间快
have a quick meal
freeze&&& 速冻
2、Ted Robinson has been worried all the week.
worried&&&&
adj. 焦虑的，担心的
vt. 使担心，发愁
& She appears to be worried by/about
something.&&&
好象有什么事使她发愁。
3、Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police.
police&&&&
当地警察局
adj. 地方性的，当地的，本地的
当地新闻 ； local
当地色彩, 地方色彩&
local people&&
当地人&& ； local
[]&&&&&
n. 土著人；adj. 土生土长的
4、In the letter he was asked to call at the station.
call at (some
place)&&&&
sb.&&& 拜访某人
ask/tell/expect/want/allow/request/order sb. to do
请求某人做某事
某人被告知；有人告诉某人
I was told that yesterday you did something wrong.
he was told that/to do (被动) = someone told him that… (主动)
5、Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to
the station yesterday and now he is not worried any more.
wonder表示“想知道”时后面往往跟疑问词引导的从句
& She wondered who that man was/what had
want用于被动语态时可以表示“想与（某人见面、谈话等）”或“缉拿，追捕”
& Please wait a minute. I’m wanted on the
phone.&& 请等一下，有我的电话。
& This is the man (who is) wanted by the
not......any more = no
不再, 再也不
I don’t talk to you any
我不再会对你谈话了
I walked no
我不再走了
6、Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked
up in a small village four hundred miles away.
（偶然地、意外地）找到、获得、学会
& I’ve picked up a bad cold.
I picked up some French while traveling in
在巴黎游览期间我学了几句法语。
& He picked up the book in a small
library.&&&&&
他在一个小图书馆发现了那本书。
five miles away这一类结构可以直接做定语, 放在被修饰词后面
The school is five miles
学校在五里外&
the school five miles
五里外的学校
I live in a house which is five miles away. = I live in a house
five miles away.
7、It is now being sent to his home by train.
这句语是被动语态用于现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are +being +过去分词”
& The clavichord is being repaired by a friend
of my father’s.
home 前一旦加修饰词(如文中的his), 则其为名词
8、Ted was most surprised when he heard the news.
most surprised中的most有very的意思，常与起形容词作用的过去分词连用。
【letter writting】
在地址中我们通常使用缩略形式, 如 : “St.” (Street); “Rd.” (Road); “Sq.”
(Square); “Ave.” (Avenue); “Pl.” (Place),而有些词则不用缩略形式, 如 “Lane”
和“Drive”（行车道）
pics.[]&&&
pictures；
secs.[]&&&
【Special difficulties】
与call有关的短语动词
① call on sb.
&&&&&&拜访，探望
Have you called on George recently?
② call (sb.)
给某人打电话（美语）
If you want my help, just call up.
③ call at
对（某个人家或地方）进行短暂访问
He calls at every house in the street once a month.
④ call
Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat.
⑤ call
取消（某项活动）
For some reason, they have called off the party/the meeting.
⑥ call
Exercise 练习& &
2& It's too late to go to the pictures. Why
don't we call the whole thing ______?
pictures&&&&
call the whole thing
【Multiple choice questions】
8 All the police at the station are ___b___ men.
a. topical&
c. native&
d. neighbourly
adj. 当地的；&&&
native&&& adj.
自己在这里(祖祖辈辈都在这里)
topical&&&&
adj. 时事问题的，热门话题的，题目的
neighbourly&&&
adj. 邻居的
Lesson 35&&
Stop thief!
【New words and expressions】
n. 一段时间
adj. 撞坏的
adv. 很快，不久
afterwards&
&& adv. 以后
★while&&
&&&n. 一段时间
while = some time&& 一小会儿
wait for a
while&&&&&
隔了一会儿
★regret&&&&
① regret
You will regret it.& 你会后悔的, 你一定会后悔的
② regret to do
很遗憾要去做……
I regret to tell you a bad news.& 我很遗憾要告诉你一个坏消息
③ regret doing
很遗憾已经做了……
I regret telling him the
我真后悔告诉他这个消息
I regret to steal your money.
④ regret that
遗憾：pity、sorry、regret
It's a pity&
I am sorry to…
★far&&&&&
far＝much, 修饰形容词或副词的比较级, 注意most 是修饰形容词或副词的, 而不是比较级
比较级前可以加修饰词，表示程度，多一点点用a little，多很多用much
★rush&&&&
① vi. 冲，奔
vi. (用腿)冲
& While I was talking to Frank, a man rushed
into the room.
v. 跑(速度很快)
② vt.&vi. 仓促行事，仓促完成；赶紧做
Roy rushed (through) his lunch and left for the staion.
Tom always rushes his homework on Sunday evenings.
③ n. 猛冲，奔
Roy made a rush at the thieves.
★act&&&&
(口语) 行动!
take action to do sth.&&
★straight&&&&
① adj. 直的，笔直的
He drew a straight line on the paper.
This road isn’t straight.
② adv. 笔直地
go straight
径直往前走
You’ll see a tower straight ahead.&
你会看到正前方有个塔。
③ adv. 径直地，直接地
John always goes straight home after work.
Roy drove the bus straight at the thieves.
★fright&&&&
fright&&&&
得到惊吓的感觉（类似get a surprise）
You give me a
fright.&&&
你吓了我一跳
给人带来感觉
give me a pleasure/an excitement/a fright
[]&&& vt.
使惊吓；vi. 惊恐
You frighten me.&
This doesn't worry me.
frightening&&&&
adj. 令人感到可怕的；
frightened&&&&
adj. 自己感到可怕的
一个动词能够加ing/ed, 证明这个动词跟人的情感有关, 他的宾语就会是人
frightful＝terrible&&&
Your handwriting is
frightful.&&&&
你的字真糟糕&
frightful.&&&&
寒冷是可怕的
★battered&&&&&
adj. 撞坏的
battered (lose one's
shape)&&&&
被撞变形的
破旧不堪的包（battered与软的东西连用时，表示用旧了，破旧不堪的）
[]&&&&
n. 击球手；v. 打坏, 猛击
damaged&&&&
adj. 被刮坏的
destroyed car车子被损害不能修 ； damaged car 车子坏了，但能修 ；battered car
★afterwards&&&&&
shortly afterwards
＝soon&&&&&
shortly＝soon；
afterwards＝later&&&
后来, 以后
Rov Trenton used to drive a taxi. A short while ago, however, he
became a bus driver and he was not regretted it. He is finding his
new work far more exciting. When he was driving along Catford
Street recently, he saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run
towards a waiting car. One of them was carrying a bag full of
money. Roy acted quickly and drove the bus straight at the thieves.
The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.
As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his
bus into the back of it. While the battered car was moving away,
Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police. The thieves' car was
badly damaged and easy to recognize. Shortly afterwards, the police
stopped the car and both men were arrested.
罗伊·特雷顿原是开出租汽车的, 然而就在前不久, 他开上了公共汽车, 也并不为此而感到后悔. 他发觉自己的新工作令人兴奋得多.
最近, 当他正开车在凯特福德街上行驶时, 看到有两个小偷从一家商店里冲出来, 奔向等在那里的一辆汽车,
其中一个提着一只装满钞票的提包. 罗伊行动迅速, 开车直冲窃贼而去. 拿钱的那个小偷吓得把提包都扔了. 当那两个小偷企图乘车逃跑时,
罗伊驾驶他的公共汽车撞在了那辆车的后尾上. 当那辆被撞坏的车开走后, 罗伊停下车, 给警察挂了电话. 小偷的车损坏严重, 很容易辨认.
没过多久, 警察就截住了那辆车, 两个小偷都被抓住了.
【课文讲解】
1、A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and he was
not regretted it.
a short while ago＝a short time
while作名词表示“一会儿，（一段）时间”时常与a连用，有时也与the，this等连用：
& They haven’t seen each other for a long
& Have you been in Australia all this
& I saw her a short while ago.
however可以放句首, 可以放句中；如果一个词两边有逗号，证明这个词是插入语
2、He is finding his new work far more exciting.
find 可以用一般现在时态, 可以用进行时态
He is finding his trip very exciting.
exciting&&&&
更有趣（在形容词和副词的比较级与最高级前面，可以用far（相当much）来表示强调，译为“很，大大的”）
& It’s far/much colder today than it was
yesterday.
& This is (by) far the most expensive bicycle
in the shop.
3、When he was driving along Catford Street recently, he saw two
thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.
see和一些感知动词（如smell, feel, hear, watch,
notice等）可以用在动词+名词/代词宾语+不带to的不定式结构（省略to）中，如果全过程用do，过程中的一瞬间用doing：
see sb. do sth.&
看见某人做某事(强调全过程)&
I see them dance.& (看了全过程)
see sb. doing sth.&&
看见某人正在做某事
I see them dancing . (只看了一部分)
hear sb doing sth.，hear sb. do sth.
4、The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the
with 一旦出现在名词或代词后就做定语, 出现在动词之后做状语
He came in with a
The boy with a book came
in.&&& (作定语)
fright&&&&
so+形容词(副词)+that…/such+(修饰词或形容词)+名词+that…&&&&
如此……以致……
一旦有名词, 就认为形容词修饰的是名词, 前面的词也修饰的是名词
vt. 由于抓什么没抓住不小心掉下去& （sb. drop sth.）
I drop the chalk.
vi. 从上往下落& （sth. fall）
drop the money / the money fall
The chalk is falling.
5、As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove
his bus into the back of it.
as = when&&&
当……时候
get away ＝ run
& How did the thief get away?
by car /in the
into…&&&&
6、While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus
and telephoned the police.
stopped his car，the car
stopped（与当时说话时的视觉概念有关，一个是人为停，一个是自己停下来）
7、The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize.
…and easy to recognize = and the car was easy to recognize
(用主动表被动含义)
如果一个不定式的前面是一个形容词, 如果主句的结局是“系表结构+to”，不定式当中常用主动表被动, 在不定式的表达方式当中,
动词的宾语如果刚好是这句话的主语, 这个宾语一定不能出现
The apple is sweet enough to eat.
The apple is too sour to eat.& (sour
[]&&&
adj. 酸的)
& The question is easy enough to answer.
The boy is enough clever to answer the
question.&
这个小孩足够聪明以至于能回答这个问题。& （the
question不是主语故一定要出现）
文中 “…easy to recognize(car)” 因car是主语, 所以不能出现
在不定式当中, 也许有可能用主动表达被动含义, 及物动词后面一般加宾语(这个宾语就是这句话的主语就不加), 又如：The
clothes are too comfortable to ware.
8、Shortly afterwards, the police stopped the car and both men
were arrested.
afterwards&&&&
both men ＝ two persons
stop the car&&
&拦住车子（the driver stop the car；其他人stopped the
stop thief&&&
【Special difficulties】
So and Such
such和so都可以用于表示程度，但so只能作副词和连词，such则是形容词，因此so通常位于形容词、副词之前，而such只能位于名词之前：
& I’ve never read so interesting a book.
& I’ve never read such an interesting book.
引导结果状语从句时，它们的结构分别是：
so +形容词(副词) +that…/ such +(a,
an修饰词或形容词)+名词+that…&&&
如此……以至于……
一旦有名词, 就认为形容词修饰的是名词, 前面的词也修饰的是名词，如果名词是可数名词单数才要加a和an,
反过来如果是可数名词单数, 前面一定要加a或an
& It was so cold that no one went out.
such除了表示“这样的，如此的”等意思外，还可以表示“像这一类的”，so不能表示这种意思。
& He often talks about such things.
& You should not speak to such people.
如果形容词是表示数量的(many, much, little, few), 一律用so
There is so little time left that we must hurry.
There is such a little(小) bird that I can't see it.
(little不会和可数名词连用，如连用不会译成“数量少”，而应译为“小”)
He is so lazy a boy./ He is such a lazy boy.
如果有几个以上的形容词共同修饰一个名词的时候, 冠词放在第一位, 这句话中冠词不放在第一位, 说明 “a” 与 “boy”
有关系, “lazy” 从意思上与 “boy” 有关系, 但从强调点上与 “boy” 没关系, 它的强调点在 “lazy” 上
【Multiple choice questions】
1& Roy Trenton ___a___.
a. prefers driving a bus to driving a
b. prefers driving a taxi to driving a bus
c. is sorry he isn't a taxi
driver&&&&&&&&&&&
d. is glad he didn't change his job
prefer…to…&&&&
更喜欢这个东西(和后面的东西比), 宁可也不
I prefer tea to water.
prefer+名词+to+名词(如为动词则+ing)
I prefer drinking tea to drinking water.
prefer to(不定式的标志)+动词原形…rather
than…&& 比起……更喜欢……
He prefers to drive bus rather than drive a taxi.
I prefer to have an apple rather than have an orange.
3& Roy Trenton used to drive a taxi. This means
he ___a___ a taxi.
a. has stopped driving&
b. is used to driving
c. got used to driving&
d. still drives
过去常常做现在不做了（to为介词）
The boy used to swim in the
river.&&&&
那男孩过去在河里游泳
be used to doing sth. = get used to doing
习惯于……
I am(not) used to getting up
early.&&&&
我习惯起早
The boy is used to swimming in the
river.&&&&
那男孩习惯在河里游泳
be used to do
The knife is used to cut the
刀被用来切纸
4& He noticed two thieves ___d___ out of a
a. to come
&b. are coming&
c. in coming
see sb. doing sth.&&
看见某人正在做某事；& see sb. do sth.&
看见某人做某事
notice sb. doing sth.& ； notice sb. do sth.
watch sb. doing sth.& ； watch sb. do sth.
b. are coming没有主从一致, 应为was coming 就对
7& The car was easy to recognize, so it wasn't
___d___ difficult for the police to catch the thieves.
too…to…&&&&&
太……以至于不能……
enough…to…&& 足以用来做某事
many 应加+名词； much, very 一般不会与 to 连用
8& He hasn't regretted it. He ___a___ it.
a. isn't sorry about&
b. doesn't pity&
c. isn't pleased with&
d. doesn't laugh about
be sorry about
为……感到遗憾(抱歉)
be pleasued with
对……感到满意
laugh at&&&
嘲笑； laugh about sth.&&
为……原因而笑
b. pity 不对是由于词性不对，pity是形容词
11& The thief dropped the bag. He ___d___.
a. let it&
b. left it&
c. fell it&
d. let it fall
let sb. do
让某人做某事（听之任之）
My father lets me play football.& (听之任之,
make sb. do
让某人做某事（有强迫的意思）
My father makes me play football.& (强迫)
36&& Across the Channel
【New words and expressions】（8）
adj. 强壮的
n. 游泳运动员
anxiously&
&&& adv. 焦急地
adj. 固体的，硬的
★record&&
[]&& n.
记录；[]&& vt. 记录
record&&&&
set up a record = make a
record&&&&
hold the record = keep the
equalize the
recorder&&&
平记录& (equalize
[]&& vt.使相等, 补偿)
[]&&&&
如果同一词音节落在第一个音节的重音, 肯定是名词, 重音落在第二个音节肯定是动词
record&& [] n.
记录；[] vt. 记录
present [] n. 礼物；adj. 现在的；[] v. 赠送
desert [] n. 沙漠；[]& v. 废弃
★strong&&&
adj. 强壮的
as strong as horse&&
象牛一样壮(马)
strong wind 大风； heavy rain 大雨
strong girl&& (隐示不是很瘦, 结实)
strong mind& 意志坚强
Out of sight,out of mind.& 眼不见, 心不烦
sturdy []&& adj. 结实的,
robust [] []&&
adj. 身体结实& (“乐百事” 英文名)
strong +运动员&
获胜把握比较大，强有力的（“强有力的对手”中的“强有力”就用strong表达)
★swimmer&&&&
n. 游泳的人, 游泳者
swimmer& 确切的意思是游泳者, 游泳的人
strong swimmer&& 游泳能手
athlete []&& n.
运动员(运动会上常说的运动员)
swimming athlete&& 游泳运动员
(这里的“-ing”意为 “用来” )
★succeed&&&&
succeed in doing
做……成功
success&&&&
n. 成功, 成功的人
successful&&&
adj. 成功的
be successful in doing sth
fail&&& v.
fail to do
做……失败
[]&&& n.
失败, 失败者, 缺乏, 失灵, 故障, 破产, 疏忽, &美&不及格
★train&&&&
train sb. to do
训练某人做……(教, 而且有让人形成某种技能)
teach sb. to do
教某人做……(只是教, 会不会不管)
trainer&&&&
n. 教练；&
trainee&&&&
n. 受训的人
training center&& 训练中心
★anxiously&&&
anxious&& adj. 焦急的
★intend&&& v.
intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth.&
打算做某事
★solid&&&
adj. 固体的, 硬的；n. 固体
① adj. 固体的
She will not eat any solid food.
② adj. 硬的，结实的，坚固的（指家具、建筑物等）
The ice is solid.& 冰很硬。
② n. 固体
Debbie Hart is going to swim across the English Channel
tomorrow. She is going to set out from the French coast at five
o'clock in the morning. Debbie is only eleven years old and she
hopes to set up a new world record. She is a strong swimmer and
many people feel that she is sure to succeed. Debbie's father will
set out with her in a small boat. Mr. Hart has trained his daughter
for years. Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims
the long distance to England. Debbie intends to take short rests
every two hours. She will have something to drink but she will not
eat any solid food. Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting
for her on the English coast. Among them will be Debbie's mother,
who swam the Channel herself when she was a girl.
黛比·哈特准备明天横渡英吉利海峡. 她打算早上5点钟从法国海岸出发. 黛比只有11岁, 她希望创一项新的世界纪录.
她是一个游泳能手, 很多人认为她一定能成功. 黛比的父亲将乘一条小船同她一道出发. 哈特先生训练她的女儿已经多年了,
明天他将焦急地注视着女儿游过这段漫长的距离到达英国. 黛比计划每两小时休息一下. 她将喝些饮料, 但不吃固体食物.
黛比的大部分同学将在英国海岸等候她. 他们当中还会有黛比的母亲, 她本人还是个姑娘时, 也曾横渡过英吉利海峡!
【课文讲解】
1、Across the Channel
across 横渡
the Channel＝the English Channel 英吉利海峡(当“C”大写时, 一定是指the English
2、She is going to set out from the French coast at five o'clock
in the morning.
set out&&&
出发； set out
from…&&&&
从某地出发
3、Debbie is only eleven years old and she hopes to set up a new
world record.
hope to do sth.&& 希望自己做……
that+从句&&&
希望别人做……
set up为“创立，建立”，可以指某个具体的事物，如set up a
school；也可以指抽象的，如某个机构、组织等。
set up a new world record& 创造新的世界纪录
4、She is a strong swimmer and many people feel that she is sure
to succeed.
feel (that)
+从句&&&&&
认为……，相信……（宾语从句中的that 可以省略）
& My parents feel that they can believe in
be sure to do
一定能够, 必定会（肯定语气比“must”（must + 动词原形，表示一定, 一种推测）强，对某件事情动词有把握）
be sure of…& (对某件事情, 名词做宾语)
be sure that…& (对某件事情, 某人做某事有把握)
I am sure that I can do sth.＝I am sure of sth.＝I am sure to do
I am sure of my success. = I am sure to succeed.
I am sure that I can succeed/be successful.
5、Debbie's father will set out with her in a small boat.
...with her 同她一道
by boat ， in a boat乘船
6、Tomorrow he will be watching her anxiously as she swims the
long distance to England.
will be doing&& 将来进行时表达将来
游过多长距离
All the world will be watching anxiously as the war broke
We will be watching anxiously as you went (go)
out.& （牵挂)
7、Debbie intends to take short rests every two hours.
rest作“休息”讲时，可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词：
& Today is my day of
rest.&&&&&
今天是我的休息日。
& After a long rest, he went on with his
have(take) a
break(rest)&&&
take short
休息短时间
every用在表示时间的名词之前时可译为“每”，every two hours&
每两个小时
I will plant another tree every three
trees.&&&&
每隔三棵树我会再种一棵
8、She will have something to drink but she will not eat any
solid food.
something to
可以喝的东西（不定式作定语）
have something to eat/read/do
9、Most of Debbie's school friends will be waiting for her on the
English coast.
most +n. = most of the
大多数的……
most young people / most of the young people
waiting&&&
将来进行时
I will be right here wating for you.
coast&&& 在海边
10、Among them will be Debbie's mother, who swam the Channel
herself when she was a girl.
[]&&&&&
prep. 在……之中, ……之一(三者或三者以上)
among them&&&
在他们当中（很多人之中）
左右各一个人
限定性定语从句/非限定性定语从句
如果是有逗号的是非限定性定语从句, 没有逗号的是限定性定语从句，
非限定性定语从句不可以用that，限定性定语从句少了后面的句子, 这句话意思不完整,非限定性定语从句前面的句子完整,
后面的句子起着补充说明的作用，非限定性定语从句一旦有逗号隔开, 后面的句子和前面的句子关系不紧密, 起补充作用。
Among them will be Debbie's mother. 这句是一个倒装句，正常的语序应为Debbie’s
mother will be among them.
倒装句：地点+will+名词
常见的倒装句：Here you are. / Here is my ticket.
全部倒装：地点(介词短语或副词)+动词+名词
倒装句型中如果主语是名词, 放在动词后面, 如果是代词, 放在动词前面, 如Here you are.
在运动场上常用的口语：
Well to go. / Well done. / Yea! / Yeah!
bingo []&&
int.(因出乎意料的成功而表示兴奋的叫声)瞧!
Go！& 加油
【Letter Writing】
当书写地址时，常常不写地区或邮区的全称。有时只写名称的一部分或只用大写字母。如：Berkshire写成Berks.，California写成Calif.，North
West 3缩写成N.W.3，New York缩写成N.Y.。
【Key structure】
表示将来的结构：
① be to
② be about to
③ be going to& 表将来
④ intend to do sth.＝be going to do sth.&
打算做某事
I intend to have a company. = I am going to have a
⑤ plan to do sth.&& 计划做某事
⑥ mean to do sth.&& 打算做某事
What do you mean to do(intend to do)?
⑦ aim to do
打算做某事
⑧ I will do sth.＝I intend to do sth.
plan to do / mean to do / aim to do / hope to do / want to do
这类词本身没有将来时态, 本身就表示将来, 用一般现在时表示将来时
be going to常用于口语中，在正式的书面语中通常用will而不用be going to。在陈述句和疑问句中,
常常可用be going to来替代shall或will。但有时不能用be going to代替shall或will：
You will enjoy yourself if you travel by
如果你乘船旅游, 你会玩得很开心的.
在非正式语体下，要表示意图、打算，强调计划和安排，表示说话人也许对即将发生的事预先有所了解时，一般用be going to
而不用will：
& What do you intend to do at
I’m going to watch TV.
& They’re going to be married soon.
如果表示说话时决定去做某事，或者表示建议、请求、肯定或不肯定等含义时，要用will而不用 be going to：
You won’t forget to bring something to sleep in, will
you?& （表示建议）
Don’t worry! I’ll bring a sleeping bag.&
（表示决定）
I shan’t be able to look after the baby and cook
lunch.& （表示肯定）
I’ll look after the baby while you cook lunch.&
（表示决定）
Tomorrow will be Tuesday.
【Special Difficulties】
Watch, Look at, Follow
Watch (something
happening)&&&&
观看 (正在发生的事情)，注视，注意看
& Do you have to watch me eating my
supper?&& 你非得看我吃晚饭吗？
& How long have you been watching the race?
仔细看，（留意）看
Look at the blackboard.&&
Follow (go
after)&&&&&
跟随 (走在后面)
I followed my mother into the
kitchen.&&&&
我跟着母亲走进厨房.
The dog followed me all the way home.
在特定的时候，follow也可以表示注视，即用目光“跟随”：
& Have you ever seen a cat follow/watch a
bird’s every movement?
& 你有没有见过猫注视鸟的一举一动？
Solid, Firm, Stable
Solid (not liquid)&&
固体的 (非流体的)，硬的(固体)；结实的，坚固的（指家具、建筑物等）
This is a solid table.&&
这张桌子很结实。
① (not loose) 稳固的 (不松动)，不会更改的，牢固的&
I've fixed that hook. It is firm
now.&& 我把鱼钩固定好了, 现在它很牢固.
This table is firm. You can stand on it.
② (not doubtful) (无疑) 表示态度、信念等坚定的、坚决的
He gave me a firm refusal.&&
他断然拒绝.
He is firm about going
abroad.&& 在出国这件事上他态度很坚决。
③ (not lenient) 严格的，严厉的
You must be very firm with that
child.&& 对那个孩子你一定要非常严格.
Stable [] (often describing
character)&& 坚定的，稳重的,
可靠的，可信赖的（指人的性格）；稳定的，稳固的（指工作、机构、环境等）
He is a very stable
person.&&&&
他是一个性格坚定的人.
He is not a very stable
person.&&&&&
他不太稳重/可靠。
I’m glad that you’ve got a stable job now.
Exercise 练习 用上面的词填空 :
1& I came to a ______ decision and I will not
change my mind.
2& I stood on the bridge and ______ the boats
passing by.
3& May I ______ your photograph album?
4& The ice in the pond is so ______ that you
can walk to it.
5& I tried to persuade him but he remained
come to a decision/make a
decision&& 下定决心
come to a conclusion&&
得出结论& (conclusion [] n.结束, 缔结, 结论)
watch sb. doing sth.(句型结构)
4.so solid如此的坚硬
The ice in the pond is solid enough to walk on.(不加 “it”)
=The ice in the pond is so solid that you can walk on it.
The room is clean enough to live in.
=The room is so clean that we can live there.
5. firm. (不改变主意的用 “firm” )
【Multiple choice questions】
3& She is sure to succeed. Many people feel
sure ___d___ it.
&&&&&&&&&&
sure of+n；sure to do sth. ；sure that…
4& He will be watching her anxiously ___c___
she swims the long distance to England.
meanwhile&&&&&
meanwhile&&&
& d. during
由于；当……时候（＝when, while）
during&&&&
prep. 在……期间，后面不会加句子
meanwhile&&&&
虽然, 有转折的意思
meanwhile＝at the same
time=meantime&&&&&
n. 其间, 其时；adv. 其间
然而（副词只能修饰句子或动词, 起修饰作用）
8& Debbie hopes to ___b___ a new world
make&&&&&&
build&&&&&&
set up a record = make a
record&&&&
9& She is sure to succeed. She's sure to be
successful&&&&&
b. success&&&
succession&&&&&
d. a succession
succession
[]&&&
n. 连续, 继承, 继任者, 演替, [农业] 轮栽, 连续性
be +adj.&&&
前者＝后者 (前者和后者是等号关系)
37&& The Olympic Games
【New words and expressions】（9）
adj. 奥林匹克的
government&
&& n. 政府
adj. 巨大的
n. 露天体育场
fantastic&
&&& adj. 巨大的
★Olympic&& adj. 奥林匹克的
the Olympic
奥林匹克运动会（简称the Games，一般大型运动会用games)
★hold (held，held)&& v. 召开
① vt. 拿着，抓住，抱住
Please hold the bady while I take off my coat.
Why are you holding my bag?
② 容纳，装得下，包含
This cup can’t hold much
water.&& 这杯子装不了多少水。
The stadium can hold 20,000 people.
③ 举行，进行（会议、会谈等）；庆祝（节日）；纪念
have a meeting = hold a
meeting&&&
hold习惯用被动：
The Olympic games will be held in China in
2008.& (two thousand eight)
A festival is held at Edinburgh every
节日庆典每年在爱丁堡举行一次.
We are going to hold a meeting tomorrow to discuss the
明天我们准备开一次会来讨论这个议题.
The next conference will be held in
Geneva.&& 下次会议将在日内瓦举行.
★immense []&& adj.
★fantastic&&&
adj. 巨大的
immense&&&&
adj. 极大的, 无边的, 一望无际的
The universe is immense.
immense ocean
adj.（一般的）大的
large&&& adj.
数量的大, 尺寸的大
large man&&&
great&&& adj.
伟大的, 重要的
[]&&&
adj.(体积的)巨大的, 庞大，极大的, 无限的
[]&&&
adj. 巨大的(建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的, 宏伟的
★stadium&&&&
n. 露天体育场
playground&&&&
运动场, 体育场（sports 各种各样的运动）
gymnasium []=gym
[]&& n. 健身房，体育馆；体育
篮球场& gym ；足球场& stadium
★standard&&&&
standard&&&&
Olympic-standard&&&&
奥林匹克标准(运动会中的最高标准)（复合形容词：形容词+名词）
★capital&& n. 首都
capital&& adj. 大写的, 重要的
punishment&&& 极刑
(punishment
[]&&&
n.惩罚, 处罚, 惩处)
hot seat 电椅（国外的极刑）
★design&&&&
① vt. &vi. 设计图样
George has designed a new bridge.
② vt. &vi. 打算（做……），计划
He designed to enter for the competition.
This book is designed for foreign tourist.
③ n. 图样，图纸；设计
Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.
Here is the design of the new house.
designer&&&&&
well－designed& 设计不错的（复合形容词：副词+过去分词）
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'
time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the
government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a
new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new
roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just
outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic
City'. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this
year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the
new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by
Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new
buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to
the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this
4年以后, 奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行. 由于将有大批的人到我们国家来,
所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池. 他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线.
奥运会就在首都市郊举办, 整个地区将被称作 “奥林匹克城” . 工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好; 到明年年底, 他们将把新体育场建成.
这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特·冈特设计的. 大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成. 我们都非常激动, 盼望着奥运会的到来,
因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会.
【课文讲解】
1、The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'
in four years’
四年之后（in常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”）
& He will be back in ten minutes or half an
four years
later&&& 四年后
four years
2、As a great many people will be visiting the country, the
government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a
new Olympic-standard swimming pool.
as/because原因，as是连词，引出原因状语从句，as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没必要再予以强调。because任何时候都可代替as，来说明一种或几种原因，但as则不一定总能代替because。because一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。
& As you can’t type the letter yourself, you’ll
have to ask Susan to do it for you.
& Jim’s trying to save more money because he
wants to buy a car.
a large number of people = a great many
people&& 大批的人
an immense
stadium&&&
一个大型体育场
a new Olympic-standard swimming
一个新的奥运会标准的游泳池
3、They will also be building new roads and a special railway
building&&&
a special railway-line&&
4、Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this
by the end of this
到今年年底前
by the end of next
到明年年底前
by是完成时的标志,
表示“到……为止，在……之前，并不晚于某时的任何时间”，不能与表示一段时间的名词名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句有一定区别。
& I’ll have left by
Monday.&&&&&
到星期一我将已离开。（星期一之前的任何时间）
& I won’t have left by
Monday.&& 我星期一之前不会离开。（星期一还在）
5、Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go
as是连词，相当于while，当“当，正值”讲，引出时间状语从句，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作但要用一般现在时，不能用
“…will go up”
be built强调建造；go up （建筑物）被兴建起来，拔地而起
& Many new houses are going up in this
6、We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic
Games because they have never been held before in this country.
look forward to+n./pron./doing
(很高兴的)盼望，期待
look forward to…与expect(期待)的区别是expect没有高不高兴的成分
Look forward to your letter.
【Letter Writing】
在信的地址下面必须写上完整的日期。日期有两种写法，如：17th April, 19-；April 17th
19-，数字写法如下：1st（1日）；2nd（2日）；3rd（3日）；4th（4日）等。
【Key structures】　
一般将来完成时
一般将来时