13.5 反意疑问句
1)　陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.　　I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I? 2)　陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。　　I wish to have a word with you, may I? 3)　陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。　　The Swede made no answer, did he / she?　　Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? 4)　含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。　　He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 5)　陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。　　We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 6)　陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。　　He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 7)　陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?　　You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 8)　陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。　　He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 9)　陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。　　You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。　　He must be a doctor, isn't he?　　You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?　　He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。　　What colours, aren't they?　　What a smell, isn't it? 12)　陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 13)　陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。　　Everything is ready, isn't it?
14)　 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况： 　a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。　　Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?　b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：　　He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?　　He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?　c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。　　I don't think he is bright, is he?　　We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。　　Everyone knows the answer, don't they?　(does he?)　　Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。　　We need not do it again, need we ?　　He dare not say so, dare you?　 当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。　　She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 17)　省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。　　Don't do that again, will you?　　Go with me, will you / won't you ? 注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?　　Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?　　Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?　　Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 18)　陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。　　There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?　　There will not be any trouble, will there? 19)　否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。　　It is impossible, isn't it?　　He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20)　must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。　 He must be there now, isn't he?　 It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?　　　　　　　 快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语　　　　　 疑问部分　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　 I　　　　　　　　　 aren't I　　　　　　　　
　　　 Wish　　　　　　　　　may +主语　　　　 　　　　　
no,nothing,nobody,never,　　 few, seldom, hardly,　　　　 肯定含义rarely, little等否定
含义的词　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
ought to（肯定的）　　　 shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语 　
have to+v.(had to+v.)　　don't +主语(didn't +主语) 　
used to　　　　　　　 didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语 　
had better + v.　　　　　hadn't you　　　　　　　　　
would rather + v.　　　　wouldn't +主语　　　　　　　
you'd like to + v.　　　 wouldn't +主语　　　　　　　
must　　　　　　　　　　 根据实际情况而定　　　　　　
感叹句中　　　　　　　　 be +主语　　　　　　　　　　
Neither…nor, either…or 连接的根　　 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
指示代词或不定代词everything,that,　　　　　　主语用it
nothing,this　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
并列复合句　　　　　　　谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 　
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句　　　　　　　根据主句的谓语而定　　　　 　
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导　 与宾语从句相对应的从句　 　　
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one　　复数they, 单数he　　　　 　
情态动词dare或need　　　 need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词　　　　 do +主语　　　　　　 　
省去主语的祈使句　　　　 will you？Let's 开头的祈使句　　　 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句　　　Will you?　　　　　　　　 　
there be　　　相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）　　
否定前缀不能视为否定词　　　 仍用否定形式　　　　　　
must表"推测"　　　根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句 　欢迎你， 　 　
英语问答：怎样做英语单项选择题
14:29:38 来源：新东方在线
　 &2014年考试已经结束，新一轮的复习又将开始。面临2015年高考，考生应该如何复习高考英语这个考试科目呢?新东方在线汇总整理《英语问答：怎样做英语单项选择题》，供2015年高考考生参考。　　英语单项选择题的考点主要分布在：名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、连词、介词、情态动词;时态、语态;词义辨析、语序、各种不同的从句及交际用语上。在做单项选择题时，掌握一些解题方法是很有必要的。　　步骤/方法直接法　　直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出正确答案的解题方法　　举例　　Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me﹖　　—Sorry.My mother always tells me there.　　A.not go B.go C.not to go D.to go　　根据句意可知此题考查动词不定式的否定形式，即tell sb. not to do sth.，故此题应选C.　　关键词法　　许多题目中都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确地判定答案起着至关重要的作用。我们称这些词为关键词(key
words)。找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。　　举例　　He hardly hurt himself in the accident， ?　　A.doesn't he B.didn't he C.did he D.does he　　该题中hardly与hurt是起关键词作用的。凡陈述部分含有hardly，never，little，few等否定意义的词时，反意疑问句用肯定形式;而hurt一词的过去式与原形相同，此处hurt未加s，应为过去式。因此本题答案C是正确的。　　类推法　　如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用&如果A对，那么B也对&的类推法，从而可将A、B予以否定，　　—Who's the man at the door?　　— .　　A.He is a doctor.　　B.He is a friend of mine.　　C.He is a famous singer.　　D.He is twenty.　　仔细分析备选答案就可发现：A、C选项针对的是&职业&。若A是对的，那么C也会是对的。D回答的是年龄。故惟有B才是正确的。　　前后照应法　　此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案。　　—He isn't a teacher，is he?　　— .He works in a hospital.　　A.Yes，he is　 B.No，he isn't C.Yes，He isn't　 D.No，he is　　本题考查否定句的反意疑问句的回答。由后半句的回答，我们知道&他&的身份不是教师;否定反意疑问句回答中的Yes其实际含义为&不&，No的实际含义为&是&。因此应选择的是B。　　排除法——根据题干提供的信息，先把一眼就看出的干扰项排除，缩小选择范围，然后将剩余的选项填入空白处进行检验，辨别真伪。　　举例　　The girl asked the teacher .　　A.what does the museum looks like　　B.what did the museum look like　　C.what the museum looks like　　D.what the museum looked like　　本题主要考查宾语从句中的语序及时态的对应关系。主句动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也应是过去时的某种时态，故A、C被排除。而B中有词序错误，所以D为正确答案。　　交际法　　此方法可用30个交际用语，联系上下文直接解题。　　举例　　—Would you like to have another cup of tea?　　— .　　A.Yes，I do　 B.Not al all C.No，thanks　 D.Help yourself　　本题主要考查简答交际用语的应答。对别人的邀请，如果表示不接受时，应委婉说出，不能断然拒绝。因此，选C是最佳答案。　　更多、、、、的复习方法，请关注新东方在线高考网，我们将在第一时间发布2015年最新信息以及2015年的最新动向！
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09届高考英语考前知识清理2
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I haven't paid the doctor.&&& pay back 偿还 vt.&&& pay for vt. 赔偿,为...付出代价&&& pay off vt. 还清&&& pay a visit to sb. = pay a call on ab. 访问,拜望&&& pay attention to 注意&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& argument of sth/to sth赞成/反对...的理由 for /against attack on 对...的进攻,评击&&& arrangement for 对...的安排 complaint of /about 报怨,控告 concern about/for/over 担心&&& attention to 对...的注意 attraction for 对...的吸引力 balance between ...之间的平衡 &&& belief in 对...的信仰,相信 check on 检查,阻止 attempt at 尝试,企图考前知识清理13&&& I. 语法复习: 数词&&& 1. 数词作定语,表语.&&& 2. 顺序编号中的数词. 事物名词+基数词 序数词+事物名词&&& 3. 年,月,日的表达顺序. 时间小的在前,大的在后.要注意标点符号&&& 4. 时间与地点同时出现的问题. &&& 在同一句中,如果时间状语和地点状语都在谓语动词后,按习惯,地点在前,时间在后.&&& 5. "一个半..."的表达法. one pound and a half one and a half years&&& 6. 带数词的成语. twos and threes 三三两两at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟&&& 7. 数词的修饰语问题.&&& 形容数目很大,常用full, solid 于名词前; good, all of, no less than, as…as , 用于数词前. &&& 形容数目小常用barely, scarcely, no more than等于数词前.&&& 形容"恰好","不多不少",常用clear (名词前) sharp (后置定语) more or less (数词前).&&& 表示"大约","大致"常用nearly, almost, close to, some, about等于数词前,or so(句末),more or less(句末).&&& 小数,分数,百分比引导的短语作主语时的主谓一致问题.&&& 分数和百分数引导的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数应根据分数和百分数后面的名词来确定.如果是可数名词的复数,其谓语动词用复数形式;如果是不可数名词或单数可数名词其谓语动词用单数形式.&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 18. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.&&& 句型18中的真正主语是不定式短语,不定式的逻辑主语前必须 用介词 for,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词,常见的形容词有:① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant&&& 在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写,如:&&& It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party&&& 19. It looks ( seems ) as if ...&&& 句型19中的 as if 引导一个状语从句,常译为,"看起来好象..."如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气. It looks as if he is ill.(真的病了)It looks as if he were ill. (没有生病)It seemed as if he were dying.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (13)&&& prove &&& 证明 prove sth. prove that... rove sb. + adj. &&& prove sb. + 名词 prove sb. to be ...&&& link-v. 证明是,后来事实证明是&&& prove sth. prove + adj. prove to be ...&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& confidence in 对...的信任,相信 关系,连接&&& contest for sth 争夺,竞争 contrast to/with sth 对比,对照 contribution to 贡献,捐献,促成&&& damage to sth 损坏 danger to sb/sth 危险 defence against 防御,保卫考前知识清理14&&& I. 语法复习: 首选原则&&& 1.在宾语补足语或表语中,如有形容词,及物动词的过去分词表示状态.应该首选形容词. &&& 2.在选择动名词或名词做宾语时,应该首选名词.&&& 3.在名词性从句中,当主句中差宾语而从句中又差主语时,whomever, whoever, whom, who 应首选whoever 或who引导从句.&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.&&& 该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。&&& 6 指主句中常用的动词:think, believe, make, find, consider,&&& 1 指的是形式宾语 &&& 2 指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;&&& 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (14)&&& get get sth. 得到,收到;买;找&&& link.v. 变得 get + adj. get + p.p.&&& get to do 逐渐...(常和know ,realize, understand等连用) &&& get sb. to do sth. 使...做... get sth. + p.p. 请别人做某事;使某事完成&&& get sth. + adj. get to do sth. = have to do sth.&&& get about vi. = get around (消息)传开,传出去;四处走动&&& get along (well) with get on (well) with 进展(顺利);情况(好);相处(好)&&& get away from 离开,走开;逃走,跑掉,躲开&&& get back 回来;放回去;要回来;恢复 get by (走)过去,通过,过下去&&& get close to 接近 get down 下来;去下来,吃下去;跪下来;写下来&&& get down to sth. 开始认真干... get hold of 抓住,找到&&& get in 收庄稼 get in touch with 和...联系&&& get into the habit (hobby) of 养成...的习惯(爱好) get into 进入,陷入&&& get off 下车;离开,动身,起飞;脱下来;下班;寄走 &&& get married 结婚&&& get on 上车(船等)穿上;继续干 get out 出来;传出去;出版,拟出来&&& get out of 从...得到,逃避,避免;改掉(习惯) get over 克服,摆脱;痊愈;&&& get rid of 摆脱,除掉,处理掉 get together 聚首,欢聚,碰头,聚会&&& get through &&& 做完,办完,看完;通过();通过(议案);接通...的电话;度过(时间);穿过&&& get to 到(某一时刻,某一年龄,某一地方); 开始(做某事); &&& get up 起床,举办,组织;打扮,装饰,化妆;记熟&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& delegate to 参加...的代表 demand for 对...的需求 departure from 离开 &&& desire for sth 渴望 difference between...in... 不同,差异下 difference between...over... 分歧&&& doubt about/as to 怀疑 effect on 对...的作用 emphasis on 对...的强调,注重考前知识清理15&&& I. 语法复习: 代词&&& one, some any 的用法.&&& each, every 的用法区别.&&& none, no, no one 的用法区别.&&& many , much 的用法区别.&&& other, another 的用法区别.&&& one...the other 一个...(两个中)另一个 one...the other two 一个...(三个中)另两个&&& one...another 一个...(不定的)另一个 one...the others 一个...(除一个外的)其它的&&& one...others 一个... (不定的)另几个&&& all, both, none, neither, not all, all …not 的用法区别.&&& 7. by oneself, of oneself , for oneself的用法区别.&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 21. It is (just) like sb. to do sth.&&& 该句型为"某人(恰恰)是。。。这个样子"。用来表示赞扬或不满,若用否定式,则表示怀疑。&&& It's like him to leave the work to others. 他就是这样的一个人,把推给别人。&&& It isn't like him to have said anything like that. 他可不是说出那种话的人。&&& 22. It is up to sb. to do sth. 该句型为"该由某人做。。。"。该句型中up后的to是介词。&&& It is up to him to clean our classroom today. 今天应由他做教室清洁。&&& It is up to parents to teach their children manners. 该由父母教孩子礼貌。&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (15)&&& put put sth. 放,搁 put sth. +介词短语 使...处于某种状态 &&& put sb. to do sth. 使...做... put aside 放下,放在一边&&& put away 收起来 put back 放回原处;推迟&&& put down 放下,写下;镇压,取缔 put ... in prison 把…投进监狱&&& put off put off + n. ut off + doing sth. 推迟,延期&&& put on 穿上,戴上,上演,表演,装出 put on weight 发福、 增加体重&&& put out 扑灭.使熄灭;出版;广播 put though 接通电话 &&& put sb. to the trouble of 麻烦某人(做…) put up with 忍受,容忍&&& put up 举起手来;延伸;搭建;张贴;挂上;住宿,过夜&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& encounter with 遭遇,遇到 enthusiasm about/for 热情 entrance to ...的入口,入场 &&& envy of sb 嫉妒 exception to ...的例外 of /at sth exposure to sth 暴露 &&& fancy for sth 喜爱 faith in 对...的信任,信仰 glance at 扫视&&& gratitude to sb 感激 guess at sth 猜测 for sth hatred for/of 仇恨考前知识清理16&&& I. 语法复习: 反意疑问句 01&&& 附加疑问句的主要形式:&&& 肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问句 否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问句&&& 一、反意疑问句的一般情况&&& 当陈述部分的主语是:等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代词时,附加疑问句的主语非正式文体中往往they用。(也可以按语法一致原则用单数。)&&& 当陈述部分以one定代词做主语时,附加疑问句的主语在正式常合用one,非正式常合you用。&&& 当陈述部分的主语是不定式、动名词、从句、this或that,附加疑问句的主语用。(是those,these则用they)&&& 当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing等,附加疑问句的主语用it。&&& 陈述部分带有否定词或半否定词,例如:seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing,附加疑问句的动词, 要用肯定形式。&&& 6. 如果陈述部分中的否定词仅带有否定的前缀或后缀,那么该陈述句应作肯定句处理,附加疑问句应用&&& 否定形式。&&& II. 句型复习:&&& do nothing but do sth. could not choose but do sth.&&& There is nothing to do but do sth. Sb. has nothing to do but do sth.&&& desire(care for) nothing but to do sth. have no choice but to do sth.&&& He is dead. He has died. He has been dead for three years.&&& He left home two weeks ago. It is two weeks since he left home.&&& He has been away from home for two weeks.&&& Do you mind if I smoke here ? Do you mind my(me) smoking here ?&&& Would you mind if I smoked here ?&&& After she had worked for four hours, she stopped to have a rest.&&& = Having worked for four hours, she stopped to have a rest.&&& We caught sight of a wolf while we ere climbing the mountain.&&& = While climbing the mountain, we caught sight of a wolf.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (16)&&& refer vi. refer to &&& The speaker often referred to his notes. 查阅 &&& When I said some people were foolish, I wasn't referring to you. 指...而言,指的是&&& This rule refers to everybody here. 适用于&&& He referred to it once or twice. 提到,谈到&&& refer to ...as... 把...称作...(与as连用) We refer to him as fellow. &&& refer...to... 让...处理;归功于,归咎于 &&& The doctor referred the patient to a specialist. He refers his success to his hard-working. &&& B. 短语记忆: &&& hunger for 渴望 improvement on/in 对...的改进,提高 increase in sth 增加,增长 &&& independence from 独立,自主 influence on 对...的影响 invitation to 邀请 &&& investment in sth 投资 loyalty to sb/sth 忠诚 memorial to sb/sth 纪念碑&&& objection to sth 反对 pity for sb/sth 可怜,怜悯 in favour of ...赞成,支持考前知识清理17&&& I. 语法复习: 反意疑问句 02&&& 二、常见句型的反意疑问句&&& 7. 当陈述部分是there be 存在句型时,附加疑问句的主语也用there。&&& 8. 感叹句的附加疑问句,其谓语要求用否定句。&&& 9. 祈使句后面的附加疑问句问题&&& A) 祈使句是否定形式,附加疑问句只能用will you。&&& B) 祈使句是肯定形式,附加疑问句用肯定、否定均可。&&& C) Let开头的祈使句要注意:&&& Let's 在意义上包含谈话的对方在内,表示提出建议或征求对方意见,其反意疑问句&&& 往往用shall we。&&& 2. Let us 在意义上一般不包含谈话的对方在内,表示请求对方允许做某事的含义,let 有allow的意思。附加疑问部分用will you。&&& 3. Let me 开头表示请求,附加疑问句用will you,或用may I。&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 6. When summer comes on, the weather is getting hotter and hotter.&&& = Summer going on, the weather is getting hotter and hotter.&&& As there was nothing to do, they sat there talking. =There being nothing to do, they sat there talking.&&& If more time is given, we can do it better. = More time given, we an do it better.&&& As he was poor, he doesn't send his child to school. = Being poor, he doesn't send his child to school.&&& 7. She sat in the corner and her tears were streaming down her cheeks.&&& = She sat in the corner, with tears streaming down her cheeks.&&& The daughter sat quite still, and her eyes were fixed on the ground.&&& =The daughter sat quite still, with her eyes fixed on the ground.&&& Having so many essays to write, I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.&&& = With so many essays to write, I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (17)&&& trouble trouble sb. 麻烦, 打扰 trouble sb. to do sth. trouble sb. + 时间&&& sb. (not) trouble to do sth. 费事,烦心 be troubled with 受(某种病痛)之苦&&& fish in troubled water 浑水摸鱼 trouble about (doing) sth. 为…费事&&& trouble … for sth. 麻烦(某人)递给… trouble one's heart about 为…烦心&&& asking (looking) for trouble 自寻烦恼 (be) in trouble 有烦事,有困难&&& get into trouble 遇到麻烦, 出事 get sb. into trouble 给人找麻烦;使人陷入困境&&& have trouble (in) doing sth. 有困难, 费事 have trouble with sth. (应付…时)有困难&&& make trouble 制造麻烦 put sb. to trouble 给某人制造麻烦&&& save (spare) trouble 省事,避免麻烦 take trouble to do sth. 费事做某事&&& take trouble over sth. (在…方面)下功夫 troublemaker 捣乱分子&&& troublesome 伤脑筋的, 使人头痛的&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& protest against sth 抗议 against sth provision for/against 准备 pull at/on sth 拉,拖 &&& reaction to 对...的反应 reason for 原因,理由 regard for 对...的注意,尊重&&& reply to sb/sth 对...的回答 request for sth 要求 research on/into 对...的研究,调查 &&& response to 对...的回答,反应 responsibility for 责任,负责 search for 对...的搜寻考前知识清理18&&& I. 语法复习: 不定式&&& 1. 不定式的基本特征: 主动的,表将来的,表目的.&&& 2. 不定式做主语时,谓语动词怎样在人称与数方面保持一致.&&& 3. 可以用不定式做宾语的动词:want , like , wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer, start, &&& forget, promise, mean, pretend,begin, decide, learn, agree, expect等.&&& 4. 可以用wh-+不定式做宾语的动词.&&& ask, decide, explain, forget, know, learn, remember, see, tell, show, teach, discuss, wonder, advise 等.&&& 5. 不定式做宾补的注意事项: A) 使役动词后的宾补. B)感官动词后的宾补.&&& 6. 不定式作定语时应注意的事项: A)不定式的主动式或被动式的选择. B)与被修饰词的逻辑关系.&&& 7. 不定式作状语. A) in order to so as to (表目的)&&& B) be glad to do sth. (表原因,注意该句型的形容词) C)only to do sth. (表结果,多数有only在前.)&&& 8. … too… to… 与 … enough to do sth. 的转换问题.&&& 9. 是不是凡是too… to… 结构都能译成"太...而不能..."?&&& 10. 省略不定式符号的几种情况: A) 感官动词,使役动词后的宾补中. B)help后作宾语或宾补中.&&& C) had better , would rather, would sooner, rather than 后. &&& D) but, except 位于do + anything(nothing, everything)后.&&& E) 由and , or 连接两个不定式,第二个不定式前可省略.&&& II. 句型复习:&&& Fish sleep when their eyes are open. = Fish sleep , with their eyes open.&&& The teacher felt sad because so many pupils had gone away.&&& = with so many pupils away, the teacher felt sad.&&& The mayor of New York stood and he had a hat on his head. &&& = The mayor of New York stood , with a hat on his head.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (18)&&& call sb. 叫(喊)某人, 给某人打电话&&& call sb. + 名词 sb. + adj. 说...是..., 认为... &&& call attention to 引起对...的注意 call away 叫走了&&& call back 回电话;叫回去 call for 要求、号召、约请&&& call in 招集、招来,找来;请来;收回 call names 骂(人) &&& call on (upon) sb. = call at sb's house ... 拜望,去会(某人)&&& call on (upon) sb. to do sth. 叫(请)某人作某事;号召;要求;呼吁&&& call at ( a place ) 访问(某地) call on 拜访、访问&&& call out to sb. = shout at sb. 向某人吼(叫喊) call up 给某人打电话; 叫...起床&&& n. pay (make) a call on sb. 访问某人 =pay a visit to sb.&&& give sb. a call = male a calltosb. 给...打电话 on call 随叫随到, 随时可用&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& service to 服务,贡献 skill at 技巧,熟练 solution to ...的解决办法 &&& sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛 sympathy for 对...的同情 sympathy with 对...的赞同 &&& taste for 对...的爱好,喜爱 taste in 对...的审美能力 trust in 对...的信赖,信任 &&& wish for 欲望,愿望 hungry for 渴望 invisible to 不可见的考前知识清理19&&& I. 语法复习: 分词&&& 分词的基本特征&&& A) 现在分词 主动的,表进行的,表特征的;&&& B) 过去分词 被动的,表完成的,表状态的.&&& 2. 不是任何动词都可以用于过去分词.(只有及物动词才可以用作过去分词.)&&& 3. 如何使用分词作定语,状语,宾补. 4. 现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的区别.&&& 5. have sb. (sth.) do (doing , done )的使用区别. 6. make ab. doing sth. 怎么回事?&&& 7. 独立主格结构的用法. 8. 如何使用分词短语化简复合句.&&& 9. 分词作定语时应该注意的问题.(missing , remaining ,left等)&&& II. 句型复习: &&& 1. I wish to do sth. I wish for sth. I wish sb. to do sth.&&& I wish that sb. did/ had done/ could do sth.&&& 2. How long have you been here ? How soon will you be back ?&&& How often do you see him ?&&& 3. What is the weight (distance, number, population, price …) of …?&&& 4. How will you deal with…? What will you do with…?&&& 5. You are (have, can, will), so am (have, can, shall) I.&&& You aren't (haven't, can't, won't) , neither (nor) am (have, can, shall) I.&&& You are not…, I am not … either.&&& …. So it is with … (It is the same with…)&&& He is a student. So he is.&&& 6. Child as he is , … Much as I like it, … Try as you may (will), …&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (19)&&& break break away 突然逃掉或离开;断绝往来;改掉(习惯);破除(旧做法)&&& break away from 脱离...&&& break down (身体)垮了;(谈话)中断;(机器)坏了;压倒,克服&&& break forth 突然(迸出)&&& break in 突然进入,非法进入;插嘴,打岔&&& break into 破门而入;突然,一下子...;打扰,打断&&& break out 爆发; 突然(大声地)vt.&&& break off vt. 打断,折断; 中断,断绝(关系)&&& break through 突破,打通&&& break up 分散,折散;分解;腐蚀&&& break the rule 违反规定&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& in honour of 为祝贺 from then on 从那时起 above all 首先 ground floor 底楼&&& at sea 在海上 in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找 rather than 宁愿&&& hot dog 热狗 now and then 有时 day by day 一天天 in a word 总之&&& in debt 欠债 cash crop 经济作物 hand in hand手挽手 heart and soul 全心全意地考前知识清理20&&& I. 语法复习: 反意疑问句 03&&& 三、复合句的反意疑问句&&& 10. 当陈述部分是一个(带that引导宾语从句的)主从复合句时,附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是, 当陈述部分的主语是:I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时,附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语,谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。&&& 11.当陈述部分是I'm sure that,;I'WI feel sure that 等后面跟宾语从句时,反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。&&& 12.当陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问句的主谓语要合离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。&&& 四、关于情态动词的反意疑问句&&& 13.陈述部分中有have一词,且表示"所有"含义时,附加疑问句部分既可用have也可用do。&&& 14. 陈述部分中有have to,附加疑问句部分用do。&&& 15. 陈述部分带有情态动词ought to,附加疑问句部分,英国人用ought to形式;但在美国人中常用should。&&& 16. 陈述部分有used to,附加疑问句部分可用used 也可以用did 。&&& 17. 陈述部分有needn't时,附加疑问句部分用need但有时也可用must。&&& 18. 陈述部分有must,且表示"必须"时,附加疑问句部分用mustn't,如果表示"必要"则用needn't。&&& 19. 陈述部分中是mustn't表示"禁止"时,附加疑问句部分用must。&&& 陈述部分中的must表示"一定"、"想必"等推测意义时,附加疑问句部分而是根据陈述部分的谓语&&& 动词或其助动词来定。&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 1. It must be him / her.... 2. What do you feel like doing sth. ?&&& 3. I'd rather (not) do sth. 4. I'd like to do sth. 5. I'd like sb. to do sth.&&& 6. I want / intent / wish / plan to do sth. 7. I haven't decided what / where to....&&& 8.It is time that ...did sth. = It is time for sb. to do sth. = It is time to do sth.&&& 9. Please remember me to sb. 10. It is a pity that ....&&& 11. have (something, nothing, little, much )in common with&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (20)&&& mind 当心,注意 mind + 名词 mind + that...&&& 介意,在乎(主要用于疑问句和否定句) mind + if ... mind doing sth.&&& mind that... mind + 名词&&& never mind 没关系,不要紧 Would you mind doing sth ? 劳驾,可否请你...?&&& Would you mind if I did sth. ? 我可以(做)...吗?&&& = Do you mind if I do sth. ? =Can /May I do sth. ?&&& change one's mi 改变主意 keep in mind 记住&&& keep one's mind on... 聚精会神干... &&& make up one's mind to do sth. 决定做... make up one's mind that...&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& masses of 许多 in battle 在战斗中 once in a while 偶尔 &&& on board 在(船,机)上 on the point of 正要 in a flash 瞬间,立即&&& the moment 此刻 reception desk 接待处 at the mercy of 受…支配&&& department store 百货公司 in search of 寻找 far below 远远低于考前知识清理21&&& I. 语法复习: 动名词&&& 能用动名词作宾语的的动词: consider can't help can't stand enjoy excuse escape&&& practise put off miss mind avoid risk give up finish imagine&&& keep suggest&&& 2. 用动名词作宾语.而用不定式作宾补的动词: advise allow permit encourage&&& "八大金刚" remember forget stop mean try regret agree go on&&& 4. need , demand, want, require 表示"需要"的用法. &&& 5. 动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别.&&& 6. 状语中的动名词.&&& 7. 动名词的复合结构.&&& II. 句型复习: &&& three times as large (long, wide, high, deep…) as…&&& three times lager (longer, eider, higher, deeper…) than…&&& three times the size (length, width, height, depth…) of ….&&& The more…, the more….&&& more… &&& not more… &&& no more…than…&&& more or less&&& He must be at home. He must be having breakfast.&&& He must have met her yesterday. He can't have come yesterday.&&& Both of us can do it. Either of us can do it. Neither of us can do it. Both of us cannot do it.&&& All of us can do it. Any of us can do it. None of us can do it.&&& All of us cannot do it. = Not all of us can do it. = Some of us cannot do it. = Not everyone of us can do it.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (21)&&& turn turn down 关小、调低 sth. turn 转动,转身,拐弯;翻身&&& link-v. turn +adj. turn + 名词 He turned traitor. 变得&&& turn sth. 转动,使转动 turn into 变为&&& turn off 关上(收音机,电灯,龙头);离开(公路) &&& turn on 打开 turn out 关掉(电灯,煤气);&&& turn out to be... turn out +adj. / adv. turn out that... 结果是,最后情况是... &&& turn over 翻动、耕翻 turn to 求助于;查阅;变成&&& turn up vi. 出现;发生 vt.查找;开火 by turns 轮流&&& in turn 一个挨一个地 take one's turn to do sth 轮 &&& B. 短语记忆: &&& struggle against 与…作斗争 make use of利用 clear away 清除 run out of 用完&&& deal with / do with 对付 point to 指向 pay attention to 重视 hear about 听到关于&&& in place 在适当的位置 run out 用完 lose one's sight 失明 die out 逐渐绝灭&&& blow away 吹走,刮走 take it easy 不紧张 turn … into… 把…变(译)成考前知识清理22&&& I. 语法复习: 反意疑问句 04&&& 20. 陈述部分是I wish, 表示询问或征求意见,附加疑问部分用may I。&&& 21. 弄清陈述句中的'd rather ='d better = had better附加疑问句部分前者用would,后者用had。&&& 其它特殊结构的反意疑问句&&& 22. 陈述部分的主语是each of...结构时,附加疑问句在强调整体时用they,当作个别时用he。&&& 23. 陈述部分有neither...nor...(either...or...)做并列主语,附加疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。&&& 陈述部分是:I'm ....结构,附加疑问句一般用aren't I?&&& II. 句型复习:&&& 1. It's good (bad) for …&&& 2. I'm afraid that he will not come. I wonder if you can do it.&&& 3. So long as one inch of this deck remains above water, there is hope.&&& 4. By the end of last week, he had finished this book.&&& By the end of the week, he will have finished the work.&&& 5. It is (was) up to sb. (It is / was sb.'s duty.)&&& It is (was) up to sb. to do sth.&&& It is one's turn to do sth.&&& III.词汇:A. 常用动词用法 (22)&&& fall sb. fall to (doing) sth. 开始干某事 sb. fall + adj. / n. 进入某种状态&&& fall behind in sth. 落在后面 fall down 跌倒,垮下来;失败&&& fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 fall into the habit of 养成...习惯&&& fall into the hands of 落入...手中,由...掌握&&& fall into 陷入...状态;分成几个部分&&& It fall to sb. to do sth. 轮到某人做某事,应由某人做某事 &&& fall off 跌落、下降 fall over 跌倒、倒下&&& B. 短语记忆: &&& hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 go off (to ) 离去 depend on 依靠&&& apologize to sb. for sth.因…向…道歉 get off 爆炸,进行 put down 放下,记下&&& treat … as.. 把…当作…对待 drop in 拜望 keep back 阻止,隐瞒&&& change…for.. 用..换… be anxious about 对…焦急 bring down 降低,打落&&& take the place of 代替 call in 来访,收回 carry off 带去,抢走
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