if引导if从句的虚拟语气气当从句的主语是第三人称时谓语用were也可以吗

2016年考研英语虚拟语气用法于目前公布,将主要围绕表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句、表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句、表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句、主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气、含蓄条件句、If引导的条件状语从句中省略引导词并采用部分倒装语序的情况、as if/ as though引导的方式状语从句中的两种可能等情况进行讲解,具体如下:
2016年考研英语虚拟语气用法:
虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中的用法有三点
从句(条件)
主句(目的)
表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句
If+主语+动词的过去式(如果是be动词的话要用were。)
主语+would/ should/ could/ might+动词原形
If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be easier.如果没有虚拟语气,英语会容易些。(事实:有虚拟语气)
表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句
If+主语+had+动词的过去分词
主语+would/ should/ could/ might+ have+动词的过去分词
If I had worked hard at school, I would be a doctor or a lawyer.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个医生或律师了。(事实:没有成为医生或律师)
表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件状语从句
If+主语+should(were to)+动词原形/动词的过去式
主语+would/ should/ could/ might+动词原形
If she were to beg my pardon, I would forgive her about the matter.如果她来乞求我原谅的话,我就会原谅她。(事实:乞求我原谅的可能性很小,不可能)
混合条件句&&主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气
有时条件状语从句中的谓语动词与主句中的谓语动词,发生的时间不一致,这时各谓语动词的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If it had rained last night, it would be very cold today.如果昨天晚上下雨了,今天就会非常冷。(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。)
含蓄条件句
有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来,而是用介词短语(otherwise,or,without,but for)、上下文或其他方式来表示。
We didn&otherwise&we would have found him.我们不知道他在哪,否则我们就会找到他了。
If引导的条件状语从句中省略引导词并采用部分倒装语序的情况
在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中,当虚拟条件状语从句中的谓语动词含had,should,were等词的时候,if可以省略,并将had,should,were等助动词、情态动词或be动词提到从句主语之前。
If I were you, I wouldn&t have missed the film last night.&Were I you, I wouldn&t have missed the film last night.如果我是你,我就不会错过昨天晚上的那部电影。
as if/ as though引导的方式状语从句中的两种可能
(这两个引导词经常用在be,act,appear,behave,feel,look,seem,smell,sound,taste及其他描写行为举止的动词之后,引导一个方式状语从句。)
①as if/ as though从句用陈述语气
This meat tastes&as if/ as though&it has already gone bad.(肉的确是坏了)这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。
②as if/ as though从句用虚拟语气
a.从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。
The teacher treats the pupil as if/ as though he were her own child.(对现在的虚拟)这位老师对待这位学生就像对自己的孩子一样。
b.从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用&had+过去分词&。
He looks as if/ as though he had been hit by lighting.(对过去的虚拟)他看起来像曾经被雷击过似的。
c.从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用&would/ could/ might+动词原形&。
They talked and talked as if/ as though they would never meet again.(对将来的虚拟)他们说啊说,好像再也见不到了。
【注意】as if或as though引导的方式状语从句,从句主语和主句主语相同时,从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。
She stood at the gate as if/ as though(she was)waiting for someone.她站在门口好像在等什么人。
虚拟语气用在lest,for fear that,so that及in order that引导的目的状语从句中表示&以防,以免&等意思。
谓语动词多用should/ could/ might+动词原形构成。
注意:should有时可以省略。
He hid it&lestshe(should)see it.他把它藏起来以免她看见。
由&providing(that)/ provided(that)/ suppose(that)/supposing(that)/ on condition that&引导的条件从句
根据情况:①可以用虚拟语气;②也可以用陈述语气。
I said I would tell him a confidential story&on condition that&he kept it secret.我说在他保密的条件下,将告诉他一个秘密的故事。
&in case&引导的从句中既可用陈述句,也可以用虚拟语气。
(should)+动词原形
It may rain you&d better take an umbrella(just)in case(it does).可能下雨&&你最好带把伞,以防万一(下起来)。
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
2016年考研英语虚拟语气用法较为复杂,其中的很多词汇和语境考生容易混淆,考生们一定要认真学习,多加比较。
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400-883-2220虚拟语气在主语从句中讲义
虚拟语气在主语从句中
虚拟语气在主语从句中
It is important(necessary, strange, natural, urgent, desired) that …thatshould +,should
It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.
It’s natural that she (should) do so.
It’s important that we should take good care of the patient.
It's urgent that a meeting ____ before the final decision is made.
will be arranged&&&&&&&
B.must be arranged&&&&&
C.be arranged&&&&&&
D.would be arranged
It's desired that she ____ to teach us at least twice a week.
comes&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B.will come&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
C.come&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D.may come
(wish/desire)(suggestion/advice)(requirement/demand)(order, command) should+ do.
Our suggestion is that you (should) be there on time.
The suggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering.
Do you know the order that you (should) keep watch.
I.as if , as though
as if/though had done.
She looked as if she were made of ice.&&
He looked as if he hadn’t slept for two days.&&
She looked after the boy as if he were her own son.
He speaks to us as if he had been there.&&
1if only…, ……, .
If only I had arrived in time!
If only she didn’t drive so fast.
2. It’s (high/right) time that …
It’s time that you left here.使用虚拟语气的几类从句_英语语法网
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