鹿角形肾结石检查,进一步检查哪项最需要

上传用户:xiexbktguw资料价格:5财富值&&『』文档下载 :『』&&『』学位专业:&关 键 词 :&&&&&权力声明:若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权,请点击。摘要:(摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制,下载原文正常,内容请直接查看目录。)鹿角形结石指位于肾盂并至多充斥1个肾盏的结石。最近几年来PCNL成为医治鹿角形结石的金尺度,逐步代替了开撒手术。但是在PCNL医治进程中,因为结石负荷年夜且疏散,经由过程单一通道常常难以将结石取净,为了进步结石的取净率,内科医师停止了多种计划的测验考试,如多通道取石,结合体外冲击波碎石,分期取石等等。在现实运用中,常常依据详细情形将几种计划相联合,以进步取石的效力、保证手术的平安性。跟着微创经皮肾镜技巧的赓续成熟,最近几年来很多单元采取I期树立多个微通道取石。但微通道的取石效力不高,且在Ⅰ期手术中仍有必定的Ⅱ次手术几率,最近亦有学者提出多通道的树立可在第一通道成熟后,以为在Ⅱ期手术中因为通道成熟,出血削减,视野清楚,可削减手术并发症,同时可采取年夜通道联合微通道的办法,有益于进步结石消除率。本研讨的第一部门经由过程回想剖析Ⅰ期树立多通道取石与分期树立多通道取石两种计划医治鹿角形结石的病例,比拟手术医治中的相干目标,不雅察两种计划的医治鹿角形结石的疗效。在PCNL医治鹿角形结石进程中,因为Ⅰ期单通道PCNL的取石角度无限或因病人不克不及耐受长时光手术等缘由,须要采用分期取石。关于Ⅱ期取石的计划,较罕见的有结合ESWL后PCNL和Ⅱ期多通道PCNL取石等。以往学者以为“三武功”疗法(PCNL+ESWL+PCNL)有益于削减并发症,进步结石消除率:经由过程ESWL破碎摧毁PCNL难以到达的部位的结石,最初再次PCNL,与纯真的PCNL比拟,结合医治削减了经皮肾通道的数量,从而下降了PCNL的并发症的产生率;同时,结合医治中的ESWL可采取低电压低能量,可加重年夜剂量冲击波对机体的伤害,具有操作平安,创伤较小、并发症较少等长处。但是结合ESWL能否能使通道数量削减的同时到达幻想的医治后果?树立多通道取石会否增长并发症的产生率?在两次手术间运用ESWL能否需要?本研讨的第二部门经由过程回想剖析Ⅱ期PCNL医治中,采取结合ESWL后Ⅱ期原通道PCNL与Ⅱ期手术树立多通道两种医治计划的病例材料,比拟二者的相干目标,不雅察两种计划的医治鹿角形结石的疗效。第一部门:Ⅰ期树立多通道与分期树立多通道PCNL医治鹿角形结石的疗效比较目标:比拟Ⅰ期树立多通道PCNL与分期树立多通道PCNL医治鹿角形结石的疗效和并发症的相干目标,商量多通道PCNL医治鹿角形结石的较优计划。办法:回想剖析我院自2007年1月~例采取多通道PCNL医治的鹿角形结石病例。病例选择尺度:术前惯例KUB, IVP检讨,诊断为鹿角形结石,结石位于肾盂并充斥单个或多个肾盏内。消除尺度为:存在经皮肾镜手术难度加年夜者,如脊柱侧弯、异位肾、马蹄肾、肾扭转不良等畸形者、两侧肾结石者。按Ⅰ期树立多通道(第一组)及Ⅰ期单通道Ⅱ期树立多通道(第二组)分为两组,第一组:31例,年纪28一66岁,均匀49岁,男21例,女10例,结石面积(mm2)411。09±82。94mm2。第二组:48例,年纪27一78岁,均匀49岁,男25例,女23例,结石面积(mm2)438。31±73。25mm2。比拟手术后两组病例的相干目标。手术办法:①第一组:患者采取截石位,经尿道向输尿管置入导管以利人工尿路显影及人工肾积水;转变体位为俯卧位,经输尿管导管注入造影剂,C臂或B超定位下取肩胛线及腋后线之间,11肋间及12肋下的规模停止穿刺,满足后应用筋膜扩大器扩大,树立通道,留置20F尺度通道任务鞘。取微创肾镜置入,借助灌注泵在显示器的监督下,用气压弹道或钬激光(60W)击碎结石。依据结石地位,加用上盏或下盏的微通道(14或16F),碎石后用水流将结石冲出体外。留置双J管及肾造瘘管。②第二组:患者采取硬外麻,在X线下定位树立20F尺度通道,行碎石取石留置造瘘管,术后3天复查X光片,懂得残存结石地位,5一7天后自原通道置入导丝,铲除造瘘管,从原通道置入肾镜,再在其监督或X光定位下树立第二或三通道(微通道),取石进程同第一组。搜集两组医治后结石掏出情形相干材料,采取SPSS13。0停止统计剖析,计数材料采取χ2磨练,计量材料采取t磨练,剖析比拟以上两种医治计划的疗效及并发症等目标。成果:第一组手术后取净率为的90。3%(28/31),个中初次手术取净率67。7%(21/31),10例(32。3%)须要二次手术:第二组结石取净率为93。7%(45/48),两组比拟较差别无统计学意义(P=0。574)。第一组总手术时光为104。064±35。932min,第二组为108。333±12。313min,二者比拟差别无统计学意义(P=0。528),第一组的总住院天数为11。290±3。358天,第二组为16。270±1。620天,二者比拟有统计学差别(P=0。000)。第一组的血红卵白降低为23。709±3。866g/L,第二组为17。791±4。057g/L,二者比拟有统计学差别(P=0。000)。两组均无沾染性休克,术后发烧第一组6例,第二组3例,经抗炎、对症处置3天后体温均降至正常;第一组术中年夜出血(术中HGB降低》30g/L)2例,术后出血2例,Ⅱ期术中年夜出血、术后出血各1例。第一组术后须要输血5例,第二组术后须要输血3例。肋膜毁伤、气胸,第一组有2例,第二组1例,均经实时行胸腔闭式引流3~4天后治愈。算计并发症:第一组15例次,第二组6例次,少于第一组。结论:1。Ⅰ期树立多通道组与Ⅱ期树立多通道组的结石取净率无统计学差别,两种计划均能到达较高的结石消除率;2。Ⅱ期树立多通道组在血红卵白降低,并发症产生率方面少于Ⅰ期树立多通道组。3。在Ⅰ期树立多通道组中约33%的患者依然须要二次手术医治,且并发症高于Ⅱ期树立多通道组,提醒采取Ⅱ期树立多通道的计划更有益于进步手术平安性,削减并发症的产生。第二部门:PCNL分期医治鹿角形结石中结合ESWL与多通道取石的疗效比较目标:比拟在Ⅱ期PCNL医治鹿角形结石中采取结合ESWL后Ⅱ期原通道PCNL与Ⅱ期PCNL中树立多通道取石两种计划的的疗效。办法:回想剖析我院11。12间的104例初次单通道PCNL医治术后经KUB检讨,残存结石最年夜径》15mm并至多残留1个肾盏的鹿角形肾结石患者,分为结合ESWL后原通道PCNL组(结合医治组)56例,个中男37例,女19例。Ⅱ期树立多通道PCNL组(多通道组)48例,个中男30例,女18例。两组患者均于初次医治后留置双J管与肾造瘘管,术后予抗沾染,支撑医治。手术装备为:12FWOLF’肾镜,国产液压灌注泵,气压弹道及钬激光碎石体系,C臂机,HK一V型体外震波碎石机。计划:①结合医治组:单通道PCNL初次医治后一周阁下,采取ESWL医治,术后3天复查KUB,待肾造瘘管引流液较清时再次原通道PCNL取石。②多通道组:单通道PCNL初次医治后一周阁下,在Ⅱ次PCNL中树立第二或三通道停止碎石及取石。数据采取SPSS13。0处置,计量材料采取两独样本的t磨练,计数材料比拟采取χ2磨练,磨练水准α取0。05,以P《0。05表现差别有统计学意义。手术办法:①ESWL患者取俯卧位,碎石电压14一16KV,冲击次数结石均匀次;术后3天行摄X线腹部平片(KUB)检讨,懂得碎石后果,不雅察排石及排尿情形,再次原通道行PCNL医治。②PCNL(1)结合医治组:患者采用俯卧位,白原造瘘口进入肾镜,借助灌注泵在显示器监督下,用气压弹道或钬激光击碎结石。用高压水流将结石冲出体外。留置双J管和置入肾造瘘管。(2)多通道组:患者采用俯卧位,自造瘘管注入造影剂,C臂定位下取肩胛线及腋后线间,11肋间及12肋下穿刺,应用筋膜扩大器扩大通道,树立第二或第三16F通道,留置16F任务鞘。采取气压弹道或钬激光碎石。取石及引流管留置同结合医治组。成果:结合医治组结石取净率80。3%(45/56)与多通道组结石取93。7%(45/48)比拟有统计学差别(P=0。046),多通道组高于结合组。结合医治组住院天数19。642±2。219d与多通道组住院天数16。270±1。620d比拟有统计学差别(P=0。000),结合医治组住院时光较长。结合医治组血红卵白降低值为6。000±2。062g/L,多通道组血红卵白降低值为6。729+2。121g/L,两组比拟无统计学差别(P=0。079)。结合医治组11次手术时光:44。946±8。449min,多通道组为45。604+7。813mmin,两组比拟无统计学差别(P=0。683)。两组均无沾染性休克、四周脏器毁伤等并发症产生。术后发烧结合医治组3例,多通道组3例,经抗沾染、对症处置3天后体温降至正常;多通道组3例(6%)术后须要输血,结合医治组术后输血2例(3%)结论:1。关于鹿角形结石的Ⅱ期PCNL医治,Ⅱ期树立多通道PCNL较结合ESWL后Ⅱ期原通道PCNL的结石取净率高。提醒假如须要再次PCNL,两次手术之间结合ESWL的价值无限,树立多通道不增长并发症的产生率,且结石消除率更高。2。关于鹿角形结石的Ⅱ期PCNL医治,Ⅱ期树立多通道PCNL的较结合ESWL后原通道PCNL的住院时光更短,医治的效力更高。Abstract:Staghorn calculi in the renal pelvis and up to full to 1 renal pelvis. In recent years PCNL has become the gold standard treatment of staghorn calculi, and gradually replace the opening and operation. But in the PCNL treatment process, because of the large stones load and evacuation, through the process of a single channel is often difficult to remove the stones, in order to improve the rate of stone, the Department of internal medicine doctors stopped a variety of programs, such as multi - channel stone, combined with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, stone, etc.. In practical use, often based on the detailed situation will be a combination of several plans to improve the effectiveness of the stone, to ensure the safety of the operation. With minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy techniques continuously mature, in recent years many units take I establish a plurality of micro channel stone. However, the effect of the micro channel is not high, and there is still a certain probability of second operation in the first stage, which has recently been proposed by some scholars. It is suggested that in the second stage operation, due to the passage of mature, bleeding cuts, clear vision, and can reduce the operation complications, and can take the combination of micro channel approach, which is helpful to improve the removal rate of stones. The first Department of this study through the analysis of back stage I set up multi channel stone and stage set up multi channel stone two plan to cure staghorn calculi were compared with surgical treatment in the curative effect observation of coherent target, two plan treatment of staghorn calculi. In the PCNL treatment of staghorn calculi in the process, because of the single channel PCNL stone angle infinite or because the patient cannot tolerate long time operation and other reasons, we need to use staging stone. On the plan of the second phase, the rare combination of and ESWL after the PCNL and the second phase of the multi-channel PCNL stone, etc.. The former scholars thought &three martial arts& (PCNL+ESWL+PCNL) therapy is beneficial to reduce complications, the elimination rate of progress: through the process of stone stone ESWL destroyed PCNL hard to reach parts of the original PCNL again, compared with the pure PCNL, with cure cut by the number of percutaneous renal access, so as to decrease the production rate of PCNL complications at the same time, co ESWL can adopt low voltage and low energy, high doses can aggravate the shock damage wave on the body, is safe, less trauma, less complications and other advantages. But can the combination of ESWL make the number of channels cut in the same time as a result of the treatment of fantasy? Can the growth rate of the complications of multiple channels be set up? ESWL can be used in the two surgery? The study of the second sector through the process analysis of recall II PCNL cure, taken in combination with ESWL II after the original channel PCNL and the second stage operation to establish multi-channel two treatment plans were compared between the two materials, coherent target, observation of the two programs to treat staghorn calculi curative effect. The first part: establish multi-channel and curative effect of one-stage staging establish multi-channel PCNL treatment of staghorn calculi: comparison of target coherent target compared to stage I establish multi-channel PCNL and multi-channel PCNL staging to establish cure staghorn calculi curative effect and complications, better plans for multi channel PCNL treatment of staghorn calculi. Methods: retrospectively analyzed in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 79 cases of multi channel PCNL treatment of staghorn calculi cases. Case selection scale: preoperative routine KUB, IVP review, diagnosis for staghorn calculi, stones in renal pelvis and with single or multiple calyces. Elimination of scale: the existence of the difficulty of the operation of the skin, such as scoliosis, ectopic kidney, horseshoe kidney, renal torsion and other malformations, bilateral kidney stones. The first group was divided into two groups, the first group was 28 cases, 66 cases, 21 cases, 10 cases of female, 411 cases of stone area (mm2) 31. 09 + 82. 94mm2. Second groups: 48 cases, aged 78 a 27 years old, 49 years old, male 25 cases, female 23 cases, stone area (mm2) 438. 31 + 73. 25mm2. Coherent target of two groups of patients after surgery. Operation method: the first group: Patients with lithotomy, transurethral ureteral catheter to Eli artificial urinary tract development and artif change in prone position, the ureteral catheter injected contrast agent, C arm or ultrasound from the scapular line and the posterior axillary line, 11 rib and 12 rib the size of stop puncture, meet after the application of fascia to expand expand, establish channels, indwelling 20F scale channel sheath task. Minimally invasive renal lens implantation, with perfusion pump under the supervision of the monitor, with pneumatic or holmium laser lithotripsy (60W). Based on the status of the stones, the micro channel (14 or 16F) with the upper and lower lights, the stone was washed out with water flow. Indwelling double J tube and renal fistula. In the second groups: Patients with epidural anesthesia, establish 20F scale channel positioning under X-ray, for lithotripsy indwelling fistula, postoperative 3 days follow-up X ray, understand the residual stone position, 5 to 7 days from the original channel into the guide wire, the eradication of the fistula, the original channel from the kidney into a mirror, then set up second or three channels or under the supervision of X optical positioning (micro channel), stone process with the first group. Collect two groups of treatment after the stone took out the case of relevant material, take SPSS13. 0 carries on the statistical analysis, counting material adopt 2 measurement material to take t hone hone目录:摘要3-8ABSTRACT8-13第一部分:Ⅰ期建立多通道与分期建立多通道PCNL治疗鹿角形结石的疗效对比15-24&&&&1 资料及方法15-17&&&&2 结果17-19&&&&3 讨论19-22&&&&4 参考文献22-24第二部分:PCNL分期治疗鹿角形结石中联合ESWL与多通道取石的疗效对比24-33&&&&1 资料及方法24-26&&&&2 结果26-28&&&&3 讨论28-31&&&&4 参考文献31-33全文内容总结与不足33-34综述34-50&&&&参考文献46-50攻读学位期间发表的论文50-51致谢51-53统计学证明53分享到:相关文献|论文:鹿角形肾结石的治疗(附132例病例报告并文献复习)-中大网校论文网求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么 - 医师资格考试同行活动宣泄版 - 爱爱医医学论坛
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我感觉是吧
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
因为最严重
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选的也是
里面最严重的
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我觉得是,能发展到也可以发展为尿毒症啊。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选择尿道感染,因为鹿角行结石容易损伤尿管导致感染
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
最严重的!
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
,可致患者死亡,这题很有迷惑性,因为所有答案是正确的,只是说最严重的后果。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
积水,尿毒症书中没有体现,选项也就是在书中有的范围内
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
尿毒症!没错的
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
但是结石也可能导致癌变,是网上查到的资料,今年这些题目感觉真的摸不准呀,
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
是癌变&&鹿角结石是反复刺激&&会引起癌变
阅读权限20
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
肯定是尿毒症了前段时间网上有个新闻一个男的20多年只喝甜饮料结果得了结石还尿毒症了-------------------- 此消息发自iPhone版爱爱医
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
首先要知道什么是鹿角形结石,版性结石是鹿角形的,结构是碳酸钙,磷酸美胺。易碎,表面粗躁,我觉得会引起损伤造成感染
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
题目有问题。选项中,最严重的是。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
& & 支持你的答案 我选的 因为是最严重
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选择,不知道对不对!
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
大家想想,鹿角形结实说明肾已经没功能,相当于肾自截,完全钙化了。怎么还有出来呢。。肾已经被结石塞满了。所以我选癌变
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
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求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
& & 结石在肾盏内慢慢长大,充满肾盂及部分或全部肾盏,形成鹿角形结石。可继发,亦可无任何症状,少数会发生恶性变。可我选的是。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选的是,不知道到底是什么。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选的是癌变
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选的是 ,临床上所见的情况多是,鹿角形结石发生后,如果不及时解决就会发展成尿毒症,导致体内氨浓度等有毒物质积蓄体内,致昏迷,危及生命;癌症虽然是绝症,但是如果未转移,总还有办法去延长寿命,不是急症;我是感觉出题的老师考查的是我们临床思维能力。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我选的也是,我支持27号楼主的意见。
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
我是助理的,应该是癌变,因为有异物长期刺激,导致肾盂长期磨损,先有炎症,不断的修复,时间长了就容易引起癌变。
要是的话,说明肾脏功能不行了,是率过滤下降了,在者结石也不是一下子就形成的,要有漫长的过程的,所以应该是癌变
如果说最晚期能出现什么的话,我认为是尿毒症,
求助!鹿角形结石引起泌尿道最严重的后果是什么
本帖最后由 lishuming 于
20:01 编辑
& &应该选吧& &一侧肾积水不会&&但要是两侧都梗阻严重的话 那就尿毒症了&&不过估计一般到不了那个程度&&不合乎常理 只是理论上可以引起尿毒症& & 个人之见
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