英语中表示并列连词的when while till until_沪江英语学习网
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英语中表示并列连词的when while till until
when，while，till，until，since&
When he arrives there he will call you.
他到达那儿以后，他会给你打电话。
when， while， till， until， since， after， before， as soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。在时间状语从句中要特别注意时态的搭配：当主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。
while所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的，不能用点动词。（如begin，stop&）
When I arrived there， it was raining.
当我到那儿时，天正在下雨。
I entered the room while（when） Li Ming was talking with her.
我进屋时，李明正在和她谈话。
I didn't go to sleep until（till）I finished my homework.
直到我做完作业，我才上床睡觉。
We won't work until（till） our teacher teaches us how to do it.
老师教给我们如何做这工作之后，我们才会开始做。
He came to China after the war was over.
连词连接从句不同，意思不同。
He had been in China before the war was over.
战争结束前，他已经在中国了。
=The war was over before he came to China.
=The war had been over before he came to China.
战争结束后，他来到中国。
I have learned more than two thousand English words since I began learning English two years ago.
自从两年前我开始学习英语以来，我已经学习了两千多个英语单词了。
since引导的是一个过去时的句子，说明自当时以来到现在（自从两年前以来），主句一般要用现在完成时。
As soon as I get enough money，I'll buy it.
我一得到足够的钱，就买它。
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1.75亿学生的选择
修饰谓语动词的从句叫什么从句?通常用些什么词引导的?
状语从句的种类 § 1状语从句的种类 用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句.状语从句可分为： 1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time) 2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place) 3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause) 4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition) 5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose) 6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession) 7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison) 8.程度状语从句；(adverbial clause of degree) 9.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner) 10.结果状语从句.(adverbial clause of result) §2状语从句的时态特点 一般情况下,时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”,用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”.例如： I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就给你打电话.（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句,从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时,表示一般将来时,决不可用will arrive） As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home. 我一完成此工作,就回家.（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished,表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished） If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了,请通知我.（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时,决不可用will come back） 二 时间状语从句 §3时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time） 1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句.例如： When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了. When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候,它在生长,它感到压抑,它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量,一旦冒出,它就会炸破一切! Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁. Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim. 我游泳的时候,请你照看一下我的衣服. You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it. 当你的手在空气中挥动的时候,你就能感觉到空气在流动. Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑. 【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.并且when有时表示“就在那时”.例如： When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时,我在吃饭.(瞬时动词) When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时,我常常为他担水.（延续性的动词） We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开,就在那时他进来了. While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的,并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）.并且while有时还可以表示对比.例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词,was reading和was watching同时发生) I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球.（对比） As表示“一边……一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后.例如： We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱.（as表示“一边……一边”） As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时,开始下雪了.（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） 2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句.注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”.还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系.当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后.After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后.主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反.例如： It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来. Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我. My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了. They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了. After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后,告诉我你是怎样决定的. After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后,我们回家了.（从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时） 3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句.till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until.并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同.例如： I didn't go to bed until（till） my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉. It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语. I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止. I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作. Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我. 4.由since引导的时间状语从句. since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词.一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时.但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时.例如： I have been in Beijing since you left. 自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了. Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后,你到哪里去了? It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在北京住有四年了. It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了. 5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句.这些连词都表示“一……就”.例如： I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭,我立即到那里去. The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息,马上赶到了出事地点. As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. 我一到加拿大,就给你来电话. 【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意.主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时.当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序.例如： He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚到家,就被邀请开始另一旅程. No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起,他就起床劳动去了. Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下,他就进来了. He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触. 6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句.注意时态的变化：在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时.例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了. By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. 你明天来这儿的时候,我将已经完成此工作了. 7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句.例如： Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me. 他每次来哈尔滨,总是来看我. Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候,我猜想他就要说谎了. You grow younger every time I see you. 每次遇到你,见你更年轻了. 8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句.这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”.例如： You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark. 你可以随意到哪里去,只要在天黑以前回来就行. I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body! 只要我一息尚存,我就要反对这种境况. 三 地点状语从句 §4地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place) 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,例如： 句型1：Where＋地点从句,（there）＋主句. 【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there.例如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方,耕作是困难的,或根本不可能的. They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他们都是好人.因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎. You should have put the book where you found it. 你本来应该把书放回原来的地方. Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党,哪里人民得解放.
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修饰动词是副词，修饰谓语动词的从句是状语从句通常可用while, when, for, because, as 等引导
叫状语重句撒！通常用when,by,because..
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1.75亿学生的选择
until在肯定句中的时候,主句的谓语动词一定要用延续性动词吗?
你这个问题很复杂啊.我从网上找到些,你看看,共同学习.肯定句中until前面的句子一般由延续性动词作谓语表示某动作一直延续到until所表示的时间为止.例如：（1）Wait until the rain stops.等到雨停吧!（2）I watched TV until my father came back.我看电视一直到我父亲回来.注意：非延续性动词则不能出现在这种场合,此时必须用否定形式表示肯定意义,如：（3）I didn't come home until 7 o'clock.我到七点钟才回家.（4）Nothing happened until 5 o'clock.五点前未发生任何事.（5）Don't open it till(until)your birthday.到你生日那天再打开.延续性动词有时也用否定形式,但意义发生了变化.试将下句与句（2）比较：（6）I didn't watch TV until my father came back.我直到我父亲回来才看电视.
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是的，在非延续性动词中，就用not... until。
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1.75亿学生的选择
in case 、provided后面如果接从句时,其谓语动词该用什么时态用法
荣光万丈6694
一般现在时,因为in case,provided表示的是对将来的一种假设,又是在从句里,所以用一般现在时表将来.
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