轿车轮胎205/60 ZR16 92W代表是什么意思?-汽车轮胎205/55ZR16是啥意思
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轿车轮胎205/60 ZR16 92W代表是什么意思?
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轿车轮胎205/60 ZR16 92W代表是什么意思?
我的轿车原来的轮胎型号为205/60 R16 92V现换上205/60 ZR16 92W的轮胎行吗？
w，240kph：轮胎侧面高度与胎面宽度百分百R：轮胎胎面宽度（mm）60：轮辋外径（英寸）92：270kph所以说：荷载级别V：子午线轮胎16:速度级别：速度级别205
;小时R=子午线轮胎结构
16=轮辋直径为16英寸92=此轮胎最大载重能力是630kgV=此轮胎的最高速度是240公里/小时参考资料：同一车轴上应装配同一规格;60 R16 92V可以换成205&#47。(载重指数、速度级别一致）205=横截面宽度为205毫米
60=高宽比为60% Z=最高速度高于240公里&#47、厂家，所需注意的是://60 ZR16 92W：205/60 R16 92V
205/60 ZR16 92W
其中有变化的只是ZR 和92W
ZR代表最高速度等级
92W 最高速度270公里放心使用。不过你的车如果是城市SUV带有4驱的话，那么换要4个一起换，如果不是带4驱功能车，或者你不用四驱那么就无所谓。
可以换，但是厂家品牌等都相同的话205/60 ZR16 92W比205/60 R16 92V贵（速度级别高），如果你不跑太高速度的话（不超过240km/h）没必要换成205/60 ZR16 92W。
汽车轮胎的205代表什么? ：
汽车轮胎的205代表轮胎的宽度是205mm。一般轮胎规格可描述为:[胎宽mm]/[胎厚与胎宽的百分比...
汽车轮胎上205/50/R16是什么意思? ：
205表示轮胎名义断面宽度(英寸)50表示轮胎的扁平率(扁平率=轮胎高度H/轮胎宽度B)(轮胎高度H...
汽车轮胎上205/50/R16是什么意思? ：
这是配用轮胎的参数。 205 表示轮胎断面宽度205 55 表示轮胎断面高度和宽度之比为55%...
轮胎上205/55R16是什么意思? ：
轮胎规格,宽205毫米,横截面是宽的百分之55,内圈是16寸
汽车之家轮胎规格205/55r16怎么说 ：
朋友,您好!205是轮胎的宽度。55是轮胎的扁平率,R是子午线轮胎,16是轮辋直径!希望能够帮到你,...
汽车轮胎205/60/r16 92h表示什么 ：
205=横截面宽度为205毫米 60=高宽比为60% R=子午线轮胎结构 16=轮辋直径为16英寸 ...
汽车轮胎标注“205/60R16&代表什么意思? ：
一条轮胎的规格为205/60R16205——指的是轮胎宽度为205mm。60——指的是轮胎扁平比,即...
205/55R16轮胎都什么车能用 ：
宝来,朗逸,高尔夫,明锐,相当一部分A级车都是这个尺寸的轮胎 最常见的一种轮胎
轿车轮胎20555r16换成20565r16的有什么区别,需要注意什么? ：
区别如下:205:轮胎宽度是205毫米;55:称为轮胎的扁平率,含义是:胎侧高度(胎壁)和胎宽的比值...
汽车轮胎的型号205/65 R16各数字的含义? ：
意思如下:205:轮胎宽度是205毫米;65:称为轮胎的扁平率,含义是:胎侧高度(胎壁)和胎宽的比值...
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I am running into issues trying to use large objects in R. For example:
& memory.limit(4000)
& a = matrix(NA, )
& a = matrix(NA, )
& a = matrix(NA, )
Error: cannot allocate vector of size 801.1 Mb
& a = matrix(NA, )
Error: cannot allocate vector of size 572.2 Mb # Can't go smaller anymore
& rm(list=ls(all=TRUE))
& a = matrix(NA, ) # Now it works
& b = matrix(NA, )
Error: cannot allocate vector of size 801.1 Mb # But that is all there is room for
I understand that this is related to the difficulty of obtaining contiguous blocks of memory (from ):
Error messages beginning cannot
allocate vector of size indicate a
failure to obtain memory, either
because the size exceeded the
address-space limit for a process or,
more likely, because the system was
unable to provide the memory. Note
that on a 32-bit build there may well
be enough free memory available, but
not a large enough contiguous block of
address space into which to map it.
How can I get around this? My main difficulty is that I get to a certain point in my script and R can't allocate 200-300 Mb for an object... I can't really pre-allocate the block because I need the memory for other processing. This happens even when I dilligently remove unneeded objects.
EDIT: Yes, sorry: Windows XP SP3, 4Gb RAM, R 2.12.0:
& sessionInfo()
R version 2.12.0 ()
Platform: i386-pc-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_Caribbean.1252
LC_CTYPE=English_Caribbean.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_Caribbean.1252 LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_Caribbean.1252
attached base packages:
grDevices utils
4,57073791
Consider whether you really need all this data explicitly, or can the matrix be sparse? There is good support in R (see Matrix package for e.g.) for sparse matrices.
Keep all other processes and objects in R to a minimum when you need to make objects of this size. Use gc() to clear now unused memory, or, better only create the object you need in one session.
If the above cannot help, get a 64-bit machine with as much RAM as you can afford, and install 64-bit R.
If you cannot do that there are many online services for remote computing.
If you cannot do that the memory-mapping tools like package ff (or bigmemory as Sascha mentions) will help you build a new solution. In my limited experience ff is the more advanced package, but you should read the High Performance Computing topic on CRAN Task Views.
17.9k35269
For Windows users, the following helped me a lot to understand some memory limitations:
before opening R, open the Windows Resource Monitor (Ctrl-Alt-Delete / Start Task Manager / Performance tab / click on bottom button 'Resource Monitor' / Memory tab)
you will see how much RAM memory us already used before you open R, and by which applications. In my case, 1.6 GB of the total 4GB are used. So I will only be able to get 2.4 GB for R, but now comes the worse...
open R and create a data set of 1.5 GB, then reduce its size to 0.5 GB, the Resource Monitor shows my RAM is used at nearly 95%.
use gc() to do garbage collection => it works, I can see the memory use go down to 2 GB
Additional advice that works on my machine:
prepare the features, save as an RData file, close R, re-open R, and load the train features. The Resource Manager typically shows a lower Memory usage, which means that even gc() does not recover all possible memory and closing/re-opening R works the best to start with maximum memory available.
the other trick is to only load train set for training (do not load the test set, which can typically be half the size of train set). The training phase can use memory to the maximum (100%), so anything available is useful. All this is to take with a grain of salt as I am experimenting with R memory limits.
4,57365084
Here is a presentation on this topic that you might find interesting:
I haven't tried the discussed things myself, but the bigmemory package seems very useful
22.4k763109
The simplest way to sidestep this limitation is to switch to 64 bit R.
436k27593961
I encountered a similar problem, and I used 2 flash drives as 'ReadyBoost'. The two drives gave additional 8GB boost of memory (for cache) and it solved the problem and also increased the speed of the system as a whole.
To use Readyboost, right click on the drive, go to properties and select 'ReadyBoost' and select 'use this device' radio button and click apply or ok to configure.
If you are running your script at linux environment you can use this command:
bsub -q server_name -R "rusage[mem=requested_memory]" "Rscript script_name.R"
and the server will allocate the requested memory for you (according to the server limits, but with good server - hugefiles can be used)
64.2k754112
I had recently faced an issue running CARET train on a dataset of 500 rows
It said that it was unable to allocate a vector of 137 MB. You need to do the following
Close processes on your system especially browser
Save the required R data frames on a csv file
Restart R Session and load the data frames
Voila, the command worked. It seems that rm() does not free up memory in R. Even gc() did not work as was mentioned in one of the threads
Try uping your system memory with /3G
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雨燕改装轮毂,轮胎必看
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楼主 电梯直达 楼
雨燕&轮胎和轮毂的计算公式一:&轮胎规格&速率:轮胎规格&&&&轮胎宽度W(mm)&&扁平比HWR&&时速限制&&轮胎种类&轮胎内径&175/70SR13&&&&175&&&&&&&&&&&&70&&&&&&&&&&S&&&&&&&&&R&&&&&&&&&13&&&&&&(&S:&时速180公里以下)185/65HR14&&&&185&&&&&&&&&&&&65&&&&&&&&&&H&&&&&&&&&R&&&&&&&&&14&&&&&&(H&:&时速210公里以下)195/60VR15&&&&195&&&&&&&&&&&&60&&&&&&&&&&V&&&&&&&&&R&&&&&&&&&15&&&&&&(V&:&时速210公里以下)205/55ZR16&&&&205&&&&&&&&&&&&55&&&&&&&&&&Z&&&&&&&&&R&&&&&&&&&16&&&&&&(Z&:&时速240公里以下)215/50WR17&&&215&&&&&&&&&&&&50&&&&&&&&&W&&&&&&&&&R&&&&&&&&&17&&&&&&(W&:&时速260公里以下)二:轮胎和轮毂的计算公式&&&&很多雨燕车主通过轮胎的改装来改变外观，雨燕车的出厂轮胎型号是185/60R15。185是轮胎的宽度，单位毫米(mm)，60是轮胎的扁平比，单位％，这个值越小，轮胎看上去就越扁，15是轮毂的直径，单位是英寸，1英寸＝25.4毫米(mm)。这样，我们就知道雨燕车的车轮尺寸：直径&185x60%x2+25.4x15＝603mm&&&&&&&&&周长&603x3.。39mm轮胎转一圈差不多是1.9米。&&&改装轮胎必须遵循下列原则：1.&轮胎的宽度增加后不能影响转向，可以把方向盘向左右两边打到头，看轮胎内侧和车身之间是否有足够的间隙。否则需要改用ET值较小的轮毂来增加轮距。2.&新轮胎的直径和原配轮胎的尺寸误差尽可能小，否则要影响到牵引力、最高车速、时速表和路码表和显示，对于雨燕车这样的配备行车电脑的车型，如果改装的轮胎尺寸有偏差，则电脑显示的平均油耗、瞬时油耗、总里程、当前里程、续行里程等等都不准了，必须在行车电脑中加以修正。3.&改装后的轮胎最高时速限制必须高于原配轮胎。4.&还有轮胎的旋转方向等等注意事项。&&举例来说，雨燕车原配轮胎为185/60R15，可以计算出直径为603mm，有如下几种可能的改装方案：1..&195/55&R15，直径为595.5mm，直径误差为-1.24%&2.&205/50&R15，直径为586.0mm，直径误差为-2.80%&3.205/60&R15，直径为627.0mm，直径误差为+4.00%必须在行车电脑中加以修正4.&205/45&R16，直径为590.9mm，直径误差为-2.00%&5.&195/50R16,&直径为601.4mm,&直径误差为-0.27%,外观效果最佳，要换轮毂6.195/55R16，直径为620。9mm,&直径误差为+2.97%7.&215/45&R16，直径为599.9mm，直径误差为-5.14%&8.215/40R17，直径为603.8mm，直径误差为+0.13%效果最佳，要换轮毂9.215/45R17，直径为625.3mm，直径误差为+3.70%必须在行车电脑中加以修正&&以上方案以195/50R16&效果最佳。其次为215/40R17
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感谢楼主分享文章！！！
很不错的文章，楼主给力，果断收藏了，希望楼主再接再厉，多发强力帖。
这也有点太专业了！很详细！
没人给我评分?我都不好意思给自己精华=.=
很详细的作业啊，这样以后自己改装，心里就有数了
&发表于&18:33&很详细的作业啊，这样以后自己改装，心里就有数了
&嘿嘿,多谢大家&多谢,&做版主,没什么能耐,只能发一些改装方面的知识,因为我曾经是一步一步走过来的.
好给力的文章呀，能上点参照图就更好了，一目了然
作业写得好详细好专业，谢谢楼主科普，收藏了总有用到的时候
用户被封，内容屏蔽
轮胎的宽度增加后不能影响转向，可以把方向盘向左右两边打到头，看轮胎内侧和车身之间是否有足够的间隙。否则需要改用ET值较小的轮毂来增加轮距
楼主，我得是165／60R14得&怎么改呢，改大，我准备改195／50R&16你看行吗
我的雨燕是1.5MT的，想改到215/40R17&这样的尺寸还需要改其他什么，我中意的一款轮毂尺寸是&&&&&17寸&&&&&偏距（ET）值:&42&&&轮毂孔距:&4x100&&&中心孔:&73.1&&&这样的安装到我的雨燕上，请问还需要注意什么，换轮毂的话ET值和中心距相差多少是在允许的范围内的？还要改动其他什么吗？我装的TEIN的短弹簧，这样是否会蹭胎？谢谢
&发表于&21:05&很给力
&多谢&多谢
很漂亮啊。。。多少钱啊？？？？
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