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十八种常见的英语写作语法错误
编辑：新东方小编
　　英语写作是考察考生英语输出能力非常强的一部分，如果基础不扎实的话，就很容易暴露自身的缺点，导致在写作部分的失分严重。下文对考生常犯的语法错误进行归类，希望能引起大家的注意，避免在日后的写作中犯错。
　　&&& &&
　　1. The boss wants to hire an useful person.
　　用a还是an，取决于后面单词音标中的第一个音，如为元音用an，为辅音用a。useful的第一个音是辅音所以应把an改为a。类似的，我们说a European country.
　　2. Plane is a machine that can fly.
　　plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有a machine, 因此只能在其前面加a，变为A plane。
　　3. He played a piano at the party yesterday.
　　把a 改为the ，因为乐器前用定冠词。
　　4. The machine was invented in 1920s.
　　在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年代in the 80s。
　　5. Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.
　　去掉the，因为表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。
　　6. He usually goes to school by his father’s car.
　　by加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应用除by以外的其他介词，此处把by改为in.
　　7. Please wait me at the school gate.
　　wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。
　　8. He has been married with Betty for more than twenty years.
　　marry不跟 with连用，应把with改为to。
　　9. I finished the work on time under the help of him.
　　“在...…的帮助下”用with而不用under。
　　写作中，学生们常把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。
　　10. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.
　　句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在要其前加a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。
　　11. That girl loves reading book.
　　可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books.
　　12. He went into a book's shop and bought a dictionary.
　　一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为a book shop.
　　13. My family is watching TV.
　　一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one. 如果强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。类似的词有：team, class, audience等。
　　14. I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.
　　中学阶段，以“o”结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato, potato, Negro, 其余的都加s变为复数。
　　15. This has nothing to do with their believes.（这和他们的信仰没关系。）
　　以f, fe 结尾的词变为复数时一般去f, fe 加ves，如knife—knives, thief— 而roof 和belief直接加s变为复数。所以应把believes改为beliefs.
　　使用代词时请注意其单、复数，主、宾格以及形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。
　　16. He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.
　　定语从句的先行词是those speakers，为复数，因此从句中的指示代词应为复数，应把his改为their。
　　17. Whom do you think has left the lights on?
　　放在疑问句特殊疑问词后的do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不参与句子成分。本句中去掉do you think后缺的是主语，应把Whom改为Who。
　　18. The boss pretended not to see John and I.
　　John和I在句中都做的宾语，应把 I 改为me。
　　19. These books are mine；those in the bag are her.
　　her是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词books，或把her 改为hers。
五、虚拟语气
　　20. She would have come if we invited her.
　　这是与过去事实相反的虚拟假设，从句应该用过去完成时。所以在 we 后加 had.
　　21. My suggestion is that we would send a few people to help them.
　　suggestion 的表语从句也应用虚拟语气，必须用should加动词原形，should可以省略。此处去掉would 或把would 改为should。
　　22. The secretary wishes that she has time to type the letter now.
　　wish 后的时态应该把真实时态往后推一个时态，所以把has改为had。
　　23. It’s time that we go to bed.
　　句式为It’s time sb did sth. 所以把 go 改为 went。
　　24. I would rather you have another try tomorrow.
　　句式为would rather sb did sth. 所以把have改为had。
　　25. There are fourteen hundreds students in our school.
　　hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等词前有具体数字时后不加s，前面没有具体数字时在其后加s 和of，表示大约几百几千的概念。如 two hundred students（两百个学生），hundreds of students（成百上千个学生）。例句中应把hundreds改为hundred。
　　26. Their school is twice as larger as our school.
　　表倍数关系的as...as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。因此应把larger改为large.
　　27. Today’s homework is a five-hundred-words composition.
　　几个单词由连字符连接而组成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，所以把five-hundred-words改为five-hundred-word.
　　28. Two third of the students in our school are from America.
　　英语表达中分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加s，所以就把third 改为thirds.
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③ 如本网转载稿涉及版权等问题，请作者见稿后在两周内速来电与新东方网联系，电话：010-。2018高考英语作文最有可能考的10道类型题2018高考英语作文最有可能考的10道类型题教育参考百家号纵览高考英语全国卷各套试卷可以发现，高考英语命题体现高考评价体系“一体四层四翼”的总体要求，围绕立德树人的教育根本任务，紧扣全国统一考试大纲，以考查学生关键能力和学科素养为主要目标，坚持稳定中求发展。一、高考英语作文的命题凸显以下特点：（1）落实立德树人根本任务，凸显高考思想性和育人功能：语言是知识与文化的载体，也是思维方式的体现。融入中国优秀传统文化，通过“讲好中国故事”引导增强文化自信。如，2017年全国卷II要求考生写封邮件邀请外教参观中国剪纸艺术展。情境设置真实，任务要求符合学生能力水平，又自然融入了我国优秀传统文化内容，能够引导学生在使用外语了解世界的同时，注重传承和发扬中华民族优秀文明成果，运用中国元素讲好中国故事，增强文化自信。（2）试题设置总是遵循“高起点，低落点”的原则。即从平凡的接近学生生活实际的题材入手，于平凡中见深度。试题多为半开放式，给考生一定的提示的同时，也给考生提供了更为广阔的思维空间，使考生有很大的自由发挥的余地。试题体裁多以应用文为主，尤其是书信和电子邮件。如：2017年全国卷I命题起点：学习唐诗和了解唐朝的历史，这个起点很高，但是试题以电子邮件的形式，回落到了考查学生基本的语言知识和句式运用上。二、高考英语作文的趋势与预测：全国卷高考书面表达的命题一直秉承“稳中求进”的方针。2018年高考还会在传播中国文化上求变化。中国文化博大精深，因此可选择的话题方向很多，全面准备贴近学生的中国文化仍是备考的重点。同时备考中也一定要兼顾好“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题下的各类子话题角度，做到备考的全面性。【推荐老师】郑红霞【题源出处】2018·福建三明市毕业班质量检测假如你叫李华，你的美国笔友Tom在唐人街看到中国人有在春节贴对联的习俗，对此很感兴趣。他想请你介绍一下中国春联的传统和寓意。请你用英文给他回复邮件。注意：1.词数100左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.文中不能出现真实姓名和具体学校信息。参考词汇:对联（couplet）Dear Tom,How is everything going?Best wishes!Yours,LiHua【参考范文】Dear Tom,How is everything going?I’m more than pleased to learn that you’re interested in Chinese couplets. As you know, the couplet is one of the Chinese traditional cultures with a long history. Like fireworks, it’s also one form of celebrating thenewyear. Actually, it’s a common practice for most Chinese people to put couplets on their door frames or walls in theSpringFestival. People want to say goodbye to the old year and express good wishes for their families in the new year by posting the couplets.Welcome to China in theSpringFestival, and then you can have a better experience ofcoupletculture.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】本文要求介绍独具中国特色的一种风俗——贴春联。从近年来的命题趋势来看，弘扬中国传统文化是一个不变的主题。用英语介绍我们的传统文化，一方面体现了对所学语言知识的正确和灵活把握，同时也增进了学生热爱自己本国文化的情怀。【推荐老师】魏如芳【题源出处】2018·江西省八所重点中学高三联考假设你是李华，你的外籍好友Jane在你校举办的汉字拼写大赛中获得一等奖。请你给她写一封信，内容包括：1.向她表示祝贺；2.请她介绍语言学习的经验。注意：1.词数100左右2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总数.参考词汇：汉字拼写大赛:Chinese Character Spelling ContestDear Jane,I’m Li Hua.Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Jane，I’m Li Hua . On hearing that you have won the first prize in the Chinese Character Spelling Contest held by my school, I felt extremely excited! Congratulations to you!As your good friend, I am proud of you! Your proficiency in Chinese Character as well as your deep dive into Chinese culture has left a lasting impression on me. It came as no surprise that you won the contest. You deserve it! I wonder how you are able to master a foreign language. I really wish to improve my English , so could you please share with me your own experience and unique views on language learning?I will be grateful if you write me back. I am looking forward to your early reply. Thank you in advance and wish you all the best!Yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】在求“稳”的指导方针下，全国卷书面表达将很大可能继续考查应用文中的书信体（包括电子邮件）。在内容方面将继续继承和弘扬中华传统文化、坚定文化自信，而在体裁上祝贺信是值得引起关注的。【推荐老师】郑红霞【题源出处】2018·河北石家庄一模假定你是李华，你所在的运动俱乐部将面向外国朋友开设太极（Tai Chi）课，请写一封邮件，邀请你校的英国交换生Peter参加，要点如下：1.上课时间和地点；2.报名的截止时间。注意：1.词数100左右2.可以适当增加细节，以使文章连贯。【参考范文】Dear Peter,How’s everything going? I’m Li Hua, writing to invite you to attend a Tai Chi class held by our sports club.Tai Chi, originated in China, enjoys great popularity. Anyone, regardless of age or level of fitness, can practice and benefit from Tai Chi. PracticingTai Chiregularly, you will feel mentally and physically relaxed with the harmonious movements. I’m sure that you will develop a great interest in this gentle exercise. The class starts between 5:00 and 6:00 p.m. every Monday in our school gym next month. The closing date for entries is next Tuesday. Please let me know if you want to sign your name.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours,LiHua【推荐理由】本文属于邀请信和告知信的结合体，符合近年来书面表达的命题趋势。写作任务符合学生能力水平，引导学生在使用英语的过程中，重视发扬中国优秀的非物质文化遗产。文章还要求邀请外国友人来参加太极课程，以此增进国际友谊。【推荐老师】余伙生【题源出处】2018·哈尔滨市第三中学一模假如你是刘芳，你的外教Sam对中国传统乐器很感兴趣，刚好市博物馆最近有一个古筝展览，古筝属于拨弦乐器，有“中国钢琴”的美称。请给外教Sam写信，邀请他一起参观展览，内容包括：1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容：二十架中国各个时期的古筝，最久远的有2500年历史。注意：1）词数100左右；2）为使行文连贯可适当增加细节；3）开头语和结束语已给出。参考词汇: 古筝the Chinese zither 拨弦乐器plucked instrumentsDear Sam,Yours,Liu Fang【参考范文】Dear Sam,There will be a Chinese zither exhibition in the city museum this weekend. Knowing you have a great interest in traditional Chinese musical instruments, I’m writing to invite you to visit the museum with me.It is said that twenty Chinese zithers of different ages will be on exhibition in the museum, of which the oldest one has a history of 2500 years. The Chinese Zither is a plucked instrument and is known as the “Chinese piano” with its beautiful melodies helping to maintain peace and balance of mind. As one of the most ancient instruments in China, the zither has long been a favorite of literators.If it is convenient to you, please join me and experience the great musical invention in the museum. I will be more than happy to keep you company and offer necessary explanations.Looking forward to your coming.Yours,Liu Fang【推荐理由】本文的邀请信文体与中国文化元素“传统乐器古筝”的结合，符合近年弘扬中国传统文化的主题。话题贴近高中生的生活实际，符合高考书面表达的命题方向。【推荐老师】庞永升【题源出处】2018·山东省日照市高三4月校际联考假如你是李华，打算邀请你的朋友英国交换生Juie在端午节那天到你家做客。请根据以下内容用英语给她写一封电子邮件。1.乘坐26路公交车到人民广场站下车;2.跟妈妈学习包粽子( zongzi)；3.去东湖公园看龙舟比赛( dragon boat races)。注意:1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Julie，How are you recently? We are going to have a pleasant holiday this Friday, because dragon-boat Festival is coming! So I'm earnestly inviting you to come to my home.Just take No 26 bus and get off at people'sSquareStation, where I'll be waiting for you and we'll go home together. Then mother will prepare tasty food for our lunch, including zongzi. we'll learn how to make it with our own hands, and you'll learn how this traditional Chinese food came into being.When lunch is over, we'll go to East Lake, where we'll enjoy watching wonderful dragon-boat races. Interesting, isn’t it?I can't wait to see you soon!Yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】高中生应能理解和鉴赏中外优秀文化，培育中国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，增进国际理解，逐步提升跨文化沟通能力、思辨能力、学习能力和创新能力，形成正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。该话题贴近高中生的生活实际，符合高考的命题方向。【推荐老师】庞永升【题源出处】2018·黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三第一次模拟假定你是李华。本周六是你十八岁生日, 家人将在光明饭店会为你举办一次生日宴会。请你给朋友John写一封信, 邀请他参加。内容包括:l. 提出邀请;2. 18岁生日的意义;3. 宴会情况。注意:1. 词数100左右;2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Dear John,Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear John,I’m writing this letter to invite you to my 18th birthday party this Saturday.An 18th birthday is unusual for every child in China, because it means that a teenager who has been an adult becomes more mature and wiser. So my family is determined to hold a big party at Guangming Hotel. Many friends and relatives are invited to the party. The hotel band will play amazing music, and a variety of Chinese food will be served. If you take part in the party, you will definitely enjoy the atmosphere and have a good time with us.Look forward to your coming.Yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】写书信是高考英语全国卷比较固定的模式。本文是邀请信，是高考常考的形式之一。去饭店过生日的话题越来越普遍，这也是生活中的一个话题。此话题为学生所熟知，能够激发学生的想象力，符合新课标理念下的命题方向。【推荐老师】黄少华【题源出处】2018·北京师大附中第二次模拟假定你是李华，正在英国暑假学校学习，看到以下广告，请你给医院图书馆负责人 Elizabeth Mamo 写一封邮件，申请做志愿者。Library volunteers wantedDo you enjoy reading magazines and books and want to share that experience with patients? Library volunteers are needed to bring the library cart filled with books magazine to hospital patients.We’re looking for devoted volunteers interested in visiting patients.Tues and Fri mornings 9 am —12 noon注意：1)词数100左右；2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Elizabeth Mamo,I am Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I am writing to you in expectation of obtaining the volunteer work as a volunteer in the hospital.For one thing, I have taken delight in reading since I was a little child, which will surely fuel my enthusiasm for sharing what I read with patients. For another, as I have a caring and considerate personality, I am willing to contribute myself to helping the patients. More importantly, having great communicative competence and a good command of English has guaranteed a series of my success in volunteering. Besides, I am available for the require time. Thus, I’m fully confident that I have the relevant qualifications of serving as a volunteer. If I am considered qualified for being the volunteer, I promise to provide the most pleasing service.I’m looking forward to your early reply.Yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】本文属于应用文类书信体，符合近年来全国卷书面表达的命题趋势。不仅体现了中外文化交流和对学生语言实际运用能力的考查，而且还能引导学生关注社会、关注生活和具备献爱心的意识。【推荐老师】庞永升【题源出处】2018·东北三省三校高三第一次联合模拟假设你叫李华，你的澳洲朋友Devin参加汉语水平考试（HSK）未能通过，请你写一封信，安慰一下你的朋友。内容包括：1.对考试失利的安慰；2.对汉语学习提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Devin,I am sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK.Sincerely yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Devin,I am sorry to hear that you failed to pass HSK. I hope that the unexpected failure will not let you down, for I have still been amazed by the excellent Chinese you spoke when we first met.As we know, language learning is never an easy task, but needs painstaking efforts and patience. Personally, I think you’d better pay close attention to the formal use of Chinese words and expressions, which really count. Meanwhile, you may as well watch more Chinese materials as much as you can afford. More importantly, you should learn from the mistakes that you have made. Anyhow, you’ve already made great progress in your learning of Chinese. A good luck next time.Sincerely yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】语言学习是学生学校生活中最重要的活动之一，也是高考的命题热点。本话题贴近高中生的生活实际，而且具有一定的开放性，使得每个学生都能够有话可说。这符合高考的命题方向。【推荐老师】郑红霞【题源出处】2018·河北保定高三第一次模拟假定你是李华，在某英文网站看到一则告示，内容关于向全球中学生征集他们感兴趣的话题。请你用英文给该网站发邮件向其推荐话题。内容包括：1. 个人简介：姓名、年龄、国籍；2. 话题主题：和平、感恩、幸福；3. 推荐理由。注意：词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Sir/ Madam,I am Li Hua, a boy/girl of 18, and I come from China. From your website I’ve learned that topics which interest us are being collected. I’d like to recommend a topic, the theme of which is peace, gratitude and happiness.As you see, China, my lovely homeland, is now standing ahead in the world with anewlook. As a young Chinese student , I’ m feeling very proud and grateful. In the warm arms of our motherland we are now enjoying a peaceful and happy life, So I’m eager to share my topic with all the young people around the world.Hoping my recommendation will suit you fine.Sincerely yours,Li Hua【推荐理由】本文要求考生写出自己对感兴趣话题的推荐和其相关理由，属于中学生熟悉的话题。在推荐话题中谈到了和平、感恩还有幸福，三者均重视对学生人文素质和情感目标的培养，引导学生正确的人生观和价值观，符合高考的命题方向。【推荐老师】郑红霞【题源出处】2018·安徽蚌埠第三次教学质检假如你是李华，是某校高三学生。请你根据下面所给的提示，给校报“英语角”栏目写一封英语倡议信，呼吁大家合理使用共享单车，爱护共享单车。提示：1. 使用共享单车的优点；2. 使用共享单车存在的问题；3. 你向同学发出的倡议。注意：1．词数100左右，倡议信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．参考词汇：设施--facilityDeal fellow students,I'm Li Hua, a Senior Three student. I'm appealing to you to focus more attention on shared bikes, of which the popularity has been increasing.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【参考范文】Deal fellow students,I'm Li Hua, a Senior Three student. I'm appealing to you to focus more attention on shared bikes, of which the popularity has been increasing.Benefits of shared bikes riding are obvious: they never produce pollution, thus encouraging low-carbon lifestyle. Convenience is also why people are in favor of it. Additionally, public bikes are almost free of charge while other forms, taxis, for example, are quite expensive.But still, problems cannot be overlooked. The main concern is that random parking frequently bothers others a lot. Worst of all, bikes of this kind are left damaged for unknown reasons.So, considerate parking is what enables everybody to enjoy the public facility. Do keep in mind that when using them, one should take good care of shared bikes rather than destroying the properties. A small action can make a huge difference. Everybody counts!Yours sincerely,Li Hua【推荐理由】本文是一封倡议信。“共享单车”属于这两年中国人关注的热词之一，文章主题要求写一封倡议信，呼吁大家合理使用共享单车，爱护共享单车。通过此文，增进学生的环保意识，也有利于对学生人文情怀的培养。【推荐老师】魏如芳【题源出处】2018·广东省茂名市五大联盟学校高三3月联考假设你是李华，最近你刚交的笔友Jonah要来北京旅游，但他来信想让你提前给他简单介绍一下北京。请你根据所给提示给他回信。1. 中国的首都，是政治、经济、文化中心；2. 主要景点有长城（世界上最长的人工建筑）、故宫（世界最大、最完整的木质古建筑）、颐和园（园林杰作）等，它们均被列入了世界遗产名录。注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 参考词汇：杰作masterpiece；世界遗产名录the World Heritage List。Dear Jonah，I’ m glad you are coming toBeijingand I’ m honored to introduce it to you.Yours,Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Jonah,I’m glad you are coming to Beijing and I’m honored to introduce it to you.As the capital of China, Beijing is the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. There are many places of interest in Beijing. The Great Wall is the longest man-made structure ever built in the world. The Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City, is the largest and most complete ancient wooden-structure building in the world. The Summer Palace is a masterpiece of China’s ancient gardens. They are all on the World Heritage List. Of course, there are many other tourist attractions for you to explore.I hope you’ll enjoy your trip and have a good time inBeijing!Yours,LiHua【推荐理由】本文是一篇应用文，要求考生介绍北京。话题贴近学生生活，要求考生作为“文化使者”，进行跨文化交流，介绍和弘扬中华传统文化，增强民族自信，符合高考命题方向。本文由百家号作者上传并发布，百家号仅提供信息发布平台。文章仅代表作者个人观点，不代表百度立场。未经作者许可，不得转载。教育参考百家号最近更新：简介:片言之赐，皆我师也。作者最新文章相关文章