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果实蝇的综合防治方法
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果实蝇的综合防治方法
关注微信公众号上传用户：jfocrkunqs文档下载 ：『』&&『』『』学位专业：&权力声明：若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请点击。摘要:（摘要内容经过系统自动伪原创处理以避免复制，下载原文正常，内容请直接查看目录。）今朝，对柑桔年夜实蝇Bactrocera（Tetradacus）minax的研讨重要在形状学、生物学及其防治方面做过商量，缺乏以体系懂得和防控。本论文从形状学、生物学、行动学、生态学及其防治等方面停止了体系研讨，其重要研讨内容以下 1柑桔年夜实蝇形状学宜昌地域桔桔园内实蝇重要为柑桔年夜实蝇、南亚实蝇、南水果实蝇。依据柑桔年夜实蝇幼虫口钩长度将幼虫划分为3龄，其规模为1龄0。21一0。33mm2龄0。42一0。61mm；3龄0。65一0。78mm。长度不克不及作为分龄的划分根据。 2柑桔年夜实蝇生物学研讨柑桔年夜实蝇一年1代。成虫产生期在5一7月，卵期在7一8月，幼虫期为8一10月，蛹期为11月一次年5月。柑桔年夜实蝇对3种分歧种类柑桔果实表皮伤害特点分歧。联合后人的不雅察和记录，柑桔年夜实蝇除伤害柑桔属类的柑桔外，还伤害南瓜等。 3柑桔年夜实蝇行动学研讨柑桔年夜实蝇在11月开端化蛹，化蛹深度在25cm之内。蛹在各土层中密度分歧，5cm土层深度内蛹的密度最年夜，占51。9％。依照蛹的发育特点，将蛹分为6级。柑桔年夜实蝇成虫夜晚成仙少少，普通日间成仙，且以上午800一1100为成仙岑岭期，下昼为小成仙岑岭。分歧浸水时光对蛹的成仙率影响较年夜。浸水时光越长柑桔年夜实蝇成仙出土率越低，浸水时光在60h之内时，成仙出土率高于50％；泥土含水量对柑桔年夜实蝇蛹的成仙影响显著。当泥土含水量在40％一70％时，蛹的成仙率很高，个中在泥土含水量为60％时，到达最高为90。2％；蛹在土层分歧深度的成仙率随土层深度的增长而显著下降。在2cm时，成仙出土率到达82。7％。当土层深度到达8cm时，成仙出土率照旧高于50％。成仙未出土率随土层深度的增长而增长。在25cm，成仙未出土率到达56。6％。依据柑桔年夜实蝇卵巢、脂肪体等发育特点及其交配情形，将分歧日龄柑桔年夜实蝇雌成虫生殖体系发育期定位5级1一2日龄，乳白通明期；13一20日龄，卵黄堆积期；21一30日龄，成熟待产期；30一35日龄，产卵盛期；36一40日龄，产卵末期。柑桔年夜实蝇在统一桔园内3种类果树上产卵的选择性分歧，柑桔年夜实蝇对杂柑脐橙伤害率最高达40。7％，温州蜜橘次之为26。3％，罗脐最小为20。7％柑桔年夜实蝇对3种类产卵岑岭期分歧。柑桔年夜实蝇对杂柑、温州蜜橘、罗脐3种类寄主植物分歧层、分歧方位的伤害率互相之间差别很年夜，对树冠中层的伤害率均显著高于树冠下层和基层，树冠北面的伤害率显著高于其他3个方位。柑桔年夜实蝇对分歧直径年夜小的杂柑果实选择性差别显著。柑桔年夜实蝇重要在直径为3。0一3。4cm的杂柑果上产卵，伤害率达56。2％其次在直径为3。6一4。1cm的果实产卵，伤害率为16。1％；直径在1。7一2。6cm的小果伤害率最小，仅为9。2％。 4柑桔年夜实蝇生态学桔园内实蝇静态成果注解，柑桔年夜实蝇成虫在5月上旬开端出土成仙，5月中、下旬为成仙岑岭期。南瓜实蝇在三峡河谷地域成虫成仙有两个岑岭期，第一个岑岭期在7月上、中旬，第二个岑岭期在9月下旬，且第二个岑岭的产生量较第一个岑岭年夜。南水果实蝇有成仙两个岑岭期，其产生时代与南瓜实蝇类似，但南水果实蝇产生量显著低于南瓜实蝇和柑桔年夜实蝇。 运用多种集合度目标、Iwao回归剖析法、Taylor幂轨则剖析柑橘年夜实蝇卵和幼虫在杂柑橘园内的空间散布格式。成果注解，柑橘年夜实蝇卵和幼虫在一切密度下均呈集合散布，散布根本成份为个别群。经由过程柑橘年夜实蝇卵和幼虫的空间散布型，提出肯定柑橘年夜实蝇卵和幼虫的实际抽样公式及在分歧密度的最适抽样数。 5柑桔年夜实蝇诱杀办法研讨对柑桔年夜实蝇诱捕器吊挂高度及吊挂方位的后果比拟，诱捕器在树冠中层吊挂最为适合，与吊挂高度有关；诱捕器在阴面或许高山北面后果最好，阳面最差；诱杀柑桔年夜实蝇的适合配方为5％橙汁+5％水解卵白+5％酒或5％红糖液+5％橙汁+5％水解卵白；在柑桔年夜实蝇分歧防治办法中联合后果、本钱及生态影响评价，诱杀剂最为适合。Abstract:At present, the citrus fruit fly Bactrocera (Tetradacus) minax research is important in the shape of science, biology and its prevention has been discussed, the lack of a system to understand and control. The paper from the shape of science, biology, behavioral science, ecology and control etc. aspects of the research system, Yichang region citrus orchard fruit flies of the important research content following 1 citrus big fruit fly shape important citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera tau, South fruit fly. According to the length of the hook length of the larvae of the citrus fruit fly, the larvae were divided into 3 age, the size of which was 1 years old and 0. 21 a 0. 33mm2 age 0. 42 a 0. 61 3 age 0. 65 a 0. 78mm. The length can not be divided according to the age. 2 citrus fruit fly biology study of the eve of the citrus fruit fly 1 generations a year. The generation period of adult worms was 5 in July, and the egg stage was 7 in August. The larval period was 8 in October. The pupa period was November. Differences of epidermal injury characteristics between 3 different types of citrus fruits. The descendants of the combined observation and recording, citrus fruit fly damage in addition to Nianye citrus like citrus, also hurt pumpkin. 3 citrus fruit fly research action Nianye Nianye citrus fruit flies pupate in the beginning of November, pupation depth within 25cm. The density of the pupa was different in each soil layer, and the density of the pupa in the depth of 5cm was the largest, accounting for 51. 9%. According to the developmental characteristics of the pupa, the pupa is divided into 6 stages. Citrus of the eve of the real adult flies at night into cents less, ordinary day to become immortal, and am 800 to 1100 Cheng Xiancen Lingqi. Next day
as small as Cen Ling Xian. The influence of different soaking time on the percentage of the pupa is the most. Soaking time is long, the eve of the citrus fruit fly into immortal emergence rate is low, soaking time within 60H, Xian emergence rate higher than 50%; soil moisture content on the eve of the citrus real pupae of Xian effect significantly. When the soil moisture content of 70% a 40%, the percentage of the high rate of the pupa is very high, in the soil moisture content of 60%, reaching a maximum of 90. 2%; the percentage of the formation of the pupa in the depth of the soil layer decreased significantly with the increase of the depth of soil layer. In 2cm, the rate reached 82 to reach the immortal. 7%. When the depth of the soil reaches 8cm, the rate of the immortal is still higher than 50%. The rate of the formation of immortal immortal is increasing with the increase of the depth of soil layer. In 25cm, the rate reached 56 into immortal immortal. 6%. According to the development characteristics of the eve of the citrus fruit fly ovary, the fat body and mating situation, the differences, age of the eve of the citrus fruit fly adult female reproductive system development orientation period 5 level 1 or 2 days old, 13 at the age of 20 days, the yolk from 21 to 30 days of age, 30 to 35 days of age, th 36 to 40 days of age, spawning stage. The eve of the citrus fruit fly selective differences in unified Orange Park 3 types of fruit trees, spawning, the eve of the citrus fruit fly of Hybrid Citrus navel orange damage rate of the high up to 40. 7%, Wenzhou is 26 times the tangerine. 3%, the minimum of 20. 7% of the 3 species of citrus fruit fly from spawning fastigium differences. The eve of the citrus fruit fly damage of hybrid citrus, citrus unshiu, Luo umbilical three kinds of host plants of different layer, different range rate between each other difference is very big, the damage of the middle crown rate were significantly above the canopy and understorey and grassroots, north of canopy damage rate was significantly higher than that of the other three sides. Citrus fruit fly to different diameter Nianye Nianye small citrus fruit selective differences. Citrus fruit fly is important in diameter of 3. 0 a 3. Miscellaneous hesperidium 4cm spawning, the damage rate reached 56. 2% followed by a diameter of 3. 6 a 4. 1cm fruit lay eggs, the damage rate was 16. 1%; diameter in 1. 7 a 2. 6cm small fruit damage rate is the smallest, only 9. 2%. 4 the eve of the citrus fruit fly ecology in citrus orchard fruit fly static fruit notes, adult citrus fruit fly in early may start unearthed immortal. 5 months, late into fairy fastigium. Pumpkin fruit fly in the Three Gorges Valley Regional adult immortal in two fastigium, the first fastigium in July, mid, the second fastigium in late September and the second busiest generation than in the first Cen Ling big. South of fruit flies into a fairy two fastigium, times and pumpkin fruit similar to fly, but south of fruit fly production was significantly lower than that of pumpkin fruit fly and the eve of the citrus fruit fly. Using a variety of objectives set, Iwao regression analysis, Taylor's power rail is analysis of the eve of the citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and larvae in hybrid citrus orchards in the space distribution format. Results citrus notes, eggs and larvae showed a real big collection of scattered in all densities, spread the fundamental ingredients for the individual group. Through the process of the eve of the citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and larval dispersal type, to make certain the eve of the citrus fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and larvae of the actual sampling formula and the optimal sampling number of different density. Compared to 5 citrus fruit fly trapping way to study the consequences on the eve of the citrus fruit fly trapping hanger height and hanging range, the trap was in the middle of tree canopy hanging is the most suitable, an trap in the nightside may consequences mountains north of the best, sun trapping the eve of the citrus fruit fly suitable formula for 5% orange juice + 5% hydrolyzed albumen + 5% alcohol or 5% sugar solution + 5% orange juice + 5% in the eve of the citrus fruit fly divergence measures for the prevention and control of joint consequences, costs and ecological impact evaluation, trapping agent is suitable for the.目录:封面1-2文摘2-4英文文摘4-71 前言7-21&&&&1.1 实蝇概述7-15&&&&&&&&1.1.1 实蝇科主要形态特征概述7-9&&&&&&&&1.1.2 实蝇科昆虫主要寄主植物9-9&&&&&&&&1.1.3 实蝇科昆虫生物学习性概述9-10&&&&&&&&1.1.4 实蝇科昆虫行为学特征概述10-11&&&&&&&&1.1.5 实蝇科昆虫生态学概述11-12&&&&&&&&1.1.6 实蝇科害虫风险分析概述12-14&&&&&&&&1.1.7 实蝇科害虫综合防治概述14-15&&&&1.2 柑橘大实蝇研究进展15-20&&&&&&&&1.2.1 柑橘大实蝇的形态学15-16&&&&&&&&1.2.2 柑橘大实蝇的生物学16-18&&&&&&&&1.2.3 柑橘大实蝇的行为学18-18&&&&&&&&1.2.4 柑橘大实蝇的风险分析18-19&&&&&&&&1.2.5 柑橘大实蝇的综合防治19-20&&&&1.3 研究目的和意义20-212 桔园内实蝇种类调查及柑橘大实蝇的形态学21-28&&&&2.1 宜昌地区柑橘园内实蝇类害虫种类调查及鉴定21-22&&&&&&&&2.1.1 材料与方法21-21&&&&&&&&2.1.2 结果与分析21-22&&&&&&&&2.1.3 小结与讨论22-22&&&&2.2 柑橘大实蝇形态学22-28&&&&&&&&2.2.1 材料与方法22-23&&&&&&&&2.2.2 结果与分析23-27&&&&&&&&2.2.3 小结与讨论27-283 柑橘大实蝇生物学28-33&&&&3.1 材料与方法28-28&&&&&&&&3.1.1 柑橘大实蝇生活史和生活习性28-28&&&&&&&&3.1.2 柑橘大实蝇危害观察28-28&&&&3.2 结果与分析28-32&&&&&&&&3.2.1 柑橘大实蝇生活史和生活习性28-31&&&&&&&&3.2.2 柑橘大实蝇危害观察31-32&&&&3.3 结论与讨论32-334 柑橘大实蝇行为学33-50&&&&4.1 柑橘大实蝇化蛹行为及发育分级33-35&&&&&&&&4.1.1 材料与方法33-33&&&&&&&&4.1.2 结果与分析33-35&&&&&&&&4.1.3 结论与讨论35-35&&&&4.2 柑橘大实蝇成虫羽化规律35-42&&&&&&&&4.2.1 材料与方法35-36&&&&&&&&4.2.2 结果与分析36-41&&&&&&&&4.2.3 结论与讨论41-42&&&&4.3 柑橘大实蝇雌成虫生殖系统发育分级42-44&&&&&&&&4.3.1 材料与方法42-42&&&&&&&&4.3.2 结果与分析42-42&&&&&&&&4.3.3 小结与讨论42-44&&&&4.4 柑橘大实蝇交配与产卵行为及其规律观察44-50&&&&&&&&4.4.1 材料与方法44-45&&&&&&&&4.4.2 结果与分析45-48&&&&&&&&4.4.3 小结与讨论48-505 柑橘大实蝇生态学50-56&&&&5.1 三峡河谷地区桔园内实蝇群落动态初探50-51&&&&&&&&5.1.1 材料与方法50-50&&&&&&&&5.1.2 结果与分析50-51&&&&&&&&5.1.3 小结与讨论51-51&&&&5.2 柑橘大实蝇卵和幼虫的空间分布型与抽样技术51-56&&&&&&&&5.2.1 材料与方法52-52&&&&&&&&5.2.2 结果与分析52-55&&&&&&&&5.2.3 小结与讨论55-566 柑橘大实蝇诱杀方法研究及效果评价56-63&&&&6.1 材料与方法56-57&&&&&&&&6.1.1 诱捕器悬挂高度对柑橘大实蝇的诱杀比较56-56&&&&&&&&6.1.2 诱捕器悬挂方位对柑橘大实蝇的诱杀比较56-57&&&&&&&&6.1.3 诱杀剂配方筛选57-57&&&&&&&&6.1.4 诱杀剂在综合防治中的作用评估57-57&&&&6.2 结果与分析57-61&&&&&&&&6.2.1 诱捕器悬挂高度对柑橘大实蝇的诱杀比较57-59&&&&&&&&6.2.2 诱捕器悬挂方位对柑橘大实蝇的诱杀比较59-61&&&&&&&&6.2.3 诱杀剂配方筛选61-61&&&&&&&&6.2.4 几种防治方法的效果对比及作用的初步评估61-61&&&&6.3 小结与讨论61-637 总结与展望63-64参考文献64-69附录69-70致谢70分享到：相关文献|