货币 有价星球观后感_中华文本库
《有价星球》观后感 《有价星球》观后感在观看这部纪录片之前, 我对货币的认识仅仅来源于高中和大学思政政治学 科课堂上的学习,并未做过深入的探究,我所知道的...
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货币、有价星球 暂无评价 6页 免费 《货币,有价星球》观后感... 暂无评价 3...第一集 有价星球 她在今天人们的心中,仿佛是空气,是水,是阳光,是陪伴人一 ...
《货币 有价星球》观后感_哲学/历史_人文社科_专业资料。《货币 有价星球》观后感在观看完《货币 有价星球》后,我更加明白货币对于人类社会发展产生的深刻影响。 ...
货币第1集-有价星球_农学_高等教育_教育专区。货币第1集 有价星球
公共邮箱: Pw:zqwgdut 有价星球 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. ...douban.com, all rights reserved 北京豆网科技有限公司修理你 II 英语纪录片观影手记：《语言星球》(5)
标题里的《修理你》，乃Coldplay乐队的歌曲Fix You的汉译。
Fix You，是Stephen Fry在语言星球系列之（5）《伟力与荣光》（The Power and the Glory）这一集里探讨流行歌曲影响力时拿来佐证其观点的一个例子。
BBC网页（http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b016mykm）上对这一集的介绍，如下：
In this programme, Stephen Fry celebrates storytelling. It has been with us as long as language itself and as a species, we love to tell our stories. This desire to both entertain and explain has resulted in the flowering of language to describe every aspect of the human condition.
Stephen asks just what makes a good story and why some writers just do it better. He reveals what stories make him shiver with joy or, conversely, shudder with horror. From Homer's epic to Joyce's modern-day reinvention with Ulysses, from taking in Shakespeare, PG Wodehouse, Tolkien, Orwell, Auden, Bob Dylan and even the mangled web of words that became known as Birtspeak, Stephen uncovers why certain words can make us laugh, cry or tear our hair out.
Talking to storytelling gurus like screenwriter William Goldman and modern-day interpreters of classics like Lord of the Ringsdirector Peter Jackson, he looks at how character and plot are interwoven and how any schema to create the perfect story are doomed. Shakespearean actors Simon Russell Beale, David Tennant, Brian Blessed and Mark Rylance give their take on Hamlet and laud the bard as the blue planet's supreme writer. Sir Christopher Ricks argues that Bob Dylan should be considered as great a poet as anyone, whilst Richard Curtis explains why Auden can move us to tears but why in the modern world, Coldplay are just as important.
schema：（复数：schemas 或者schemata）模式
schema isa pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them. Schemata can help in understanding the world and the rapidly changing environment. People can organize new perceptions into schemata quickly as most situations do not require complex thought when using schema, since automatic thought is all that is required. People use schemata to organize current knowledge and provide a framework for future understanding.
bard: 诗人
the blue planet：地球
When langauge reaches its highest state, we give a name that's terrifying and irritating to some--literature. In this form, it gives us voice, personality, and history. It moves us, consoles us, and inspires us.
In this episode, the host inivites us to follow his personal journey, where there is no right or wrong, to explore why certain writing makes him shiver with excitement and why some makes him want to bury his head into his hands.
To begin with, he explores how literature began.
He goes to Tukanaland in north-east Kenya, not far from the place where homo sapiens are believed to originate. Occupied by no other worldly concerns like hunting and fighting, the tribal people, under the shade of trees, around fires, tell stories of derring-do, love and disappointment of being and becoming. This story-telling conceived literature.
homo sapiens: 智人 (现代人的学名)
derring-do: 蛮勇
Then, he expounds the seven most basic themes in literature: the quest, rags to riches, comedy, tragedy, rebirth, overcoming the monster, voyage and return. So Hamlet, or its Disney incarnation The Lion King, is an archetypal voyage-and-return plot wrapped in a revenge tragedy.
incarnation : 赋与肉体；具人形；化身
archetypal: 原型的；典型的
Next, Stephen explores Homer, Joyce, Shakespeare, PG Wodehouse, Tolkien, Orwell, Auden, Bob Dylan and even the mangled web of words that became known as Birtspeak, to uncover why certain words can make us laugh, cry or tear our hair out.
Birtspeak: John Birt's use of impenetrable jargon（难以理解的行话）became known as "Birtspeak", a phenomenon mocked in the satirical magazine Private Eye
这一部分里，主持人讲到Shakespeare作品里的多义性，比如，那句著名的“To be or not to be, that is the question” 并非只是“生存还是死亡，那是个问题”那么单一。
讲到George Orwell在小说Nineteen Eighty-Four里虚构的Newspeak, the language of Oceania, a fictional totalitarian state ruled by the Party, who created the language to meet the ideological requirements of English Socialism (Ingsoc). In Nineteen Eighty-Four, Newspeak is a controlled language, of restricted grammar and limited vocabulary, a linguistic design meant to limit the freedom of thought—personal identity, self-expression, free will—that ideologically threatens the régime of Big Brother and the Party, who thus criminalised such concepts as thoughtcrime, contradictions of Ingsoc orthodoxy. The purpose of Newspeak was not only to provide a medium of expression for the world-view and mental habits proper to the devotees of IngSoc, but to make all other modes of thought impossible.
Newspeak is meant to be euphemistic and prevents you from thinking about the truth. All of the words in it are diliberately vague and bland to stop you thinking "That's really not what we should be doing."
这种Newspeak，据一个专家所言，是neologisms: everything was the "new" something else. 以小说里生造的unperson一词为例。An unperson is someone who has been "vaporized"—not only killed by the state, but erased from existence. Such a person would be written out of existing books, photographs and articles so that no trace of their existence could be found in the historical record. The idea is that such a person would, according to the principles of doublethink, be forgotten completely (for it would be impossible to provide evidence of their existence), even by close friends and family. Mentioning an unperson's name, or even speaking of their past existence, is the concept that the person may have existed at one time and has disappeared cannot be expressed in Newspeak. （这个词让人想起中国Cultural Revolution 中间某个人突然蒸发——物理和精神双重意义上的蒸发。有没有？还有那些个可能，也不一定，源自英语的“负增长”、“零容忍”等等)
neologism: a relatively recent or isolated term, word, or phrase that may be in the process of entering common use, but that has not yet been fully accepted into mainstream language. Neologisms are often directly attributable to a specific person, publication, period, or event.
讲到P. G. Wodehouse 对语言的机趣把玩（wise playing with words）。P. G. Wodehouse的传记作家Robert McCrum说，Readers were not so impressed by his plot and/or the character as by his language. Many people said when they're feeling down, they turn to P. G. Wodehouse. P. G. Wodehousewas especially popular with prisoners and patients. He warmed them just by his language. 主持人接了一句, "I can't think of a greaer compliment for a writer."
英美文学，也学过点皮毛；这P. G. Wodehouse，倒是第一次听说。Wikipedia给的有关他的资讯，如下：
Sir Pelham Grenville Wodehouse (/'w?dha?s/; 15 October 1881 – 14 February 1975) was an English author and one of the most widely read humorists of the 20th century.
He used a mixture of Edwardian slang, quotations from and allusions to numerous poets, and several literary techniques to produce a prose style that has been compared with comic poetry and musical comedy. Some critics of Wodehouse have considered his work flippant, but among his fans are former British prime ministers and many of his fellow writers.
The Edwardian era or Edwardian period of British history covers the brief reign of King Edward VII, 1901 to 1910, and is sometimes extended in both directions to capture long-term trends from the 1890s to the First World War. The death of Queen Victoria in January 1901 marked the end of the Victorian era. The new king Edward VII was already the leader of a fashionable elite that set a style influenced by the art and fashions of continental Europe. Samuel Hynes described the Edwardian era as a "leisurely time when women wore picture hats and did not vote, when the rich were not ashamed to live conspicuously, and the sun really never set on the British flag." The Liberals returned to power in 1906 and made significant reforms. Below the upper class, the era was marked by significant shifts in politics among sections of society that were largely excluded from wielding power in the past, such as common labourers. Women became increasingly politicised.
flippant：轻率的
The Timeson Wodehouse's honorary doctorate, June 1939：”There is no question that in making Mr P.G. Wodehouse a doctor of letters the University has done the right and popular thing. Everyone knows at least some of his many works and has felt all the better for the gaiety of his wit and the freshness of his style.”
In 1941 the Concise Cambridge History of English Literatureopined that Wodehouse had "a gift for highly original aptness of phrase that almost suggests a poet struggling for release among the wild extravagances of farce."
McCrum, writing in 2004, observes, "Wodehouse is more popular today than on the day he died", and "his comic vision has an absolutely secure place in the English literary imagination."
Voorhees, while acknowledging that Wodehouse's antecedents in literature range from Ben Jonson to Oscar Wilde, writes: "[I]t is now abundantly clear that Wodehouse is one of the funniest and most productive men who ever wrote in English. He is far from being a mere jokesmith: he is an authentic craftsman, a wit and humorist of the first water, the inventor of a prose style which is a kind of comic poetry."
与机趣、毒舌的Oscar Wilde一路，P. G. Wodehouse，看来，值得找来读读。
讲到诗歌的魔力。这里，主持人引用了Alexander Pope的话：
True wit is nature
to advantage dress'd
what oft was thought,
but ne'er so well express'd
用更易懂的话说，就是“I've thought of that, but I've never said it that well.” That's why we turn to the poets in times of love, death, joy and grief--they just do it better than anyone else.
为佐证这一点，主持人引用了电影 Four Weddings and One Funeral 里出现的 W. H. Auden 的两节诗：
He was my North, my South, my East, my West,
My working week, my Sunday best,
My noon, my midnight, my talk,
I thought that love could last for ever,
But I was wrong
The stars are not needed now,
Put them out,
Pack up the moon,
Pour away the ocean, sweep up the woods.
For nothing now can ever come to any good.
这丧爱的悲痛，经诗歌的发酵，太TMD的携裹人啦！
讲到那个写了天书般的Ulysses的James Joyce 说的，好的文学作品，就是 the right words in the right order.
讲到The lyrics of a pop song may not be so well crafted as a poem, but the compensation of the beauty of the tune and the binding effect of listening to that pop song along with a sea of other audience in a stadium, is enough to turn it back into something deeper. 这里，主持人引用了本文开头提到的Coldplay乐队的那首Fix You。下面，是这首歌的MV。MV后半部分演唱会的情景，让人体会到那种万人齐聚体育场、聆听偶像演唱的binding effect。
Butcan Coldplay or the rapper or band of the moment really stand alongside the pantheon of great poets?
pantheon: ['paenθi?n] 众神；名流
The latest book of Sir Christopher Ricks, an eminent literary critics on Keats, Tennyson, MIlton, and T. S. Eliot, is on the opus of Bob Dylan. Thinking that Bob Dylan is simply astonishingly imaginative with words, he maintains that Bob Dylan should be considered as great a poet as anyone.
《语言星球》系列是2011年年底发行的。果然，日，瑞典文学院宣布2016年诺贝尔文学奖授予Bob Dylan，以表彰他“在伟大的美国歌曲传统中创造了新的诗歌表达”（"for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition"）。
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　在这部纪录片里，Stephen Fry会带领我们探索如何学习语言，如何写字，为什么有时会觉得难以表达……1）Babel 在第一集中，Stephen向我们揭示了人类语言的起源以及为什么我们是唯一拥有语言能力的物种，通过教猩猩说话、将人类语言基因植入白鼠等实验说明人脑与语言间的独特联系； 2）Identity 我们所讲的语言表明了我们的特征，甚至体现出阶级差异。同时Stephen还探索了英语全球化势不可挡的原因；3）Uses and Abuses 在语言的使用过程中，往往混杂着咒骂等一些不好的词汇。Stephen做了一次核磁共振扫描后发现我们大脑中有一部分是与粗话相联系的，妥瑞综合症和中风患者就不能说粗话；4）Spreading the World 书写让知识的保存和传递得以进行，第四集中Stephen将为我们介绍字母的来源和演化；5）The Power and The Glory 讲故事是人类表达自己情感、相互沟通的方式。通过与作家的交流，Stephen将告诉我们怎样写出更加引人入胜的故事。
爱情与友谊
Lady Susan小说改编
爱丽丝梦游仙境
蒂姆创造银幕经典
史蒂夫·弗莱中美洲游记
中美洲的人文景观
数学奇才的传奇人生
听油炸叔解读Prince Albert 快坐稳扶好！
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