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In terms of evolution, there has to be a reason for barking, or it probably wouldnt be there.从进化的角度而言,汪汪叫肯定是有理由的,要不这叫声肯定在漫长的进化过程中给淘汰掉了。Is it to warn of predators?那么这叫声是为了警告捕食者么?But dogs bark when there are no predators around.但是周围没有捕食者的时候也会汪汪叫。Is it play?那么它只是在玩耍吗?Some dogs play without barking.有些玩的时候也没有发出叫声。In fact, people who study canine behavior find there isnt much of a pattern to barking-it seems to be an all-purpose noise.事实上,研究类行为的专家告诉我们,的叫声并没有固定的形式。它只是是一种多用途的响声。Now heres another fascinating thing: adult wolves dont bark.另一件让人着迷的事情是:成年的狼并不会吠叫。They growl, and they whine, but no barking.它们只是嚎叫、哀鸣,但并不吠叫。And dogs evolved from wolves.但是是从狼进化而来的。So where did the bark come in?那么,的这种吠叫声是从何而来的呢?Mark Feinstein and Ray Coppinger of Hampshire College in Massachusetts have a theory.对此,来自马萨诸塞州罕布什尔学院的马克?范斯坦和雷?科平杰提出了一种理论。These biologists have noted that while adult wolves dont bark, adolescents do.这两位生物学家注意到,虽然成年的狼不会吠叫,但是狼崽会。Wolf pup barking seems to be an intermediate noise you grow out of.狼崽的吠声就好比是在它成长发声过程中的一个中间产物。 823
  See Steve Martin understands how to talk to a president.I just laughed.你看 史蒂夫?马丁就知道如何和总统交谈 我光傻笑了Yes it is Steve Martin having a rap with the president.这张照片上史蒂夫?马丁和总统打了个击肘招呼I just laughed...Yeah Its just...我还是在傻笑..没错 那真是...Do not send me to Capitol Hill, the lobby for anything.不要让我去国会 在会客大厅里Youre wasting your time.No, but that is attempt to be around Steve, too.我纯粹是浪费你时间 不会 不过史蒂夫也是在尽力想表现的自然Steve is very...Hes... Yeah...Well Steve is not.. Steve.史蒂夫非常 他...好吧 史蒂夫他不... 史蒂夫...Steve knows no fear,Or what fear he knows? I dont know of it.斯蒂夫他无所畏惧 他怕过什么吗 我没听说过Sorry. - That should be on a pillow in somewhere.抱歉 -这话可以印在枕头的某个地方Well shape that in a second.Alright, yeah, I think we should.赶紧设计个枕头样式出来 好的 我们会的That will be your next gift I think.Oh perfect, Ellen youre the best.那个可以作为另一份礼物送给你 啊 太好了 艾伦你最好了First of all, before we take the break, smell me,在进入广告之前 先闻闻我I smell pretty good too.You do, why? What is that?我身上也很香 确实 怎么会 你用了什么W?W?你那句;怎么会;是几个意思 你说;怎么会;是想表达什么Is that your natural pheromone that you sprayed?那是你自带的体香吗Yes, no. You know how I naturally smell.Home open then there next Friday.;对 不是 我平时什么味道你应该知道 疯狂外星人;将于下周五上映Well be right back.Jim Parsons everybody!待会儿回来 再次将掌声送给吉姆?帕森斯 /650
  Scottish engineering苏格兰的工程From ships to satellites从轮船到卫星的发展How high-end engineering escaped industrial meltdown高端工程如何在崩溃的产业中逃过一劫Box me up Scotty把我组装成箱,苏格兰人SCOTLAND may not have broken off from Britain last year, but at least it got into space. Overshadowed by the ballyhoo over the referendum, the first satellite built in Scotland, UKube-1 (pictured below), was launched. The same dimensions as a boxed bottle of whisky, it was assembled on the banks of the river Clyde in central Glasgow by the countrys first satellite manufacturer, Clyde Space. It is but one example of Scotlands surprisingly healthy engineering industry.苏格兰去年未脱离英国,但至少进了太空。它大肆宣扬全民公决独立与否一事,声势之大,盖过其制造的第一颗卫星UKuble一号发射太空。该卫星大小与威士忌装盒相同,由英国首位卫星制造商克莱德航天公司在格拉斯哥中部的克莱德河河岸上组装而成,是苏格兰唯一健康发展的工程。The clean room where Clyde Space makes its satellites affords an excellent view of Govan, once a centre of world shipbuilding and now a reminder of how quickly huge industries can collapse. Rather than trying to build everything, therefore, as the Clyde shipyards used to, Craig Clark, the founder of Clyde Space, is trying to master one small, but growing, niche of his industry. He builds only the smallest satellites, often costing as little as ,000 (33,000) each, and also makes parts for bigger ones. The company was the first such to sell its products online. Mr Clarks firm, which employs 45 people, turned over 3m this year, and expects to double that next year.克莱德航天公司制造卫星的地方宽敞明亮,可以欣赏到高湾的美景。高湾曾是世界轮船制造中心,而如今只是庞大工业迅速崩溃的受害者。因此,克莱德航天公司创始人克雷格?克拉克努力掌握航天业中不断发展的小众业务。他仅制造微小型卫星,每颗的花费通常只有5万美元(3.3万英镑),同时还制作稍大卫星的零部件。该公司是同行中首个在网上销售产品的公司。克拉克的公司共有45名职工人员,今年的营业额为300万英镑,预计明年营业额翻一番。A few big engineering firms remain in Scotland, such as Babcock Marine and Thales, both of which supply defence equipment. But most of the countrys 7,500 engineering companies belong to a long, thin tail. Often family-owned and generations old, the best of them combine technological savvy with a strong entrepreneurial spirit. Often, they are niche manufacturers to the world.苏格兰仍有柏布考克海事集团(Babcock Marine)、泰利斯(Thales)等一些大型工程企业,这两家企业皆销售国防设备。然而,在英的7500家工程企业中,大部分都不成气候。而其中的精英往往是世代相传的家族企业,它们将技术方面的悟性与强烈的企业精神进行结合,往往是世界上精准定位的制造商。One such is Castle Precision Engineering, in south-west Glasgow. It started out in 1951 making machines for the giant local Singer sewing-machine factory, then moved into car parts, medical equipment and aerospace―now its biggest market. On March 9th it created the fastest wheels ever made, for the “Bloodhound” car that will try to set a new land speed record next year. The wheels are strong enough to take a driver to 1,000mph in 55 seconds, rotating 177 times a second.格拉斯哥西南部的城堡精密工程公司即为其一。该公司始创于1951年,为当地胜家牌大型缝纫机厂生产设备,之后转向汽车零部件、医疗设备以及现在最大的市场――航空航天产品的生产。3月9日,该公司为“寻血猎犬”汽车制造出史上最快车轮,该车明年将倾力创造陆地行驶速度的新纪录。车轮功能强大,汽车完全可以在55秒内达到1000英里的时速,且车轮每秒旋转177次。In one respect, these firms are exceptions to the British rule. In a kingdom with a balance-of-trade deficit in goods amounting to fully 10 billion a month, they are fierce exporters. Castle sends about one-third of its wares abroad. Another niche firm, Clark Tracks, which makes caterpillar tracks for forestry vehicles, sells 90% of its products to Europe. Overall, engineering and technology companies account for over one-quarter of Scotlands exports.一方面,这些企业不符合英国的规则。英国的商品贸易逆差每月高达100亿英镑,而这些企业的出口量极大。城堡公司三分之一的商品出口国外,另一家小型公司Clark Tracks(克拉克履带公司)生产林用车履带,其中90%的产品销往欧洲。总体而言,工程技术公司占有苏格兰出口量的四分之一。But in another way they illustrate a familiar weakness in British industry. The countrys firms tend to remain small or medium-sized―smaller than the German Mittelstand of export-orientated businesses. Even before the financial crisis Scotlands small engineering companies found it hard to raise money locally to expand. Some looked overseas instead. Clark Tracks was bought in 2007 by a Swedish company. The defence giant Thales acquired the illustrious old Glaswegian firm of Barr and Stroud in 2000. Its factory, now employing about 700 people, still specialises in submarine periscopes and optronics for the military.但另一方面,这些企业自身具有英国工业的普遍缺陷。英国企业往往保持中小型规模,但小于德国中小型出口企业。金融危机爆发之前,苏格兰的小型工程企业发现难以在当地筹集用于扩大规模的资金。有些企业将目光转向海外。2000年,国防设备生产大户泰利斯买下格拉斯哥著名老牌公司斯特劳德,其工厂现有700名工人,继续从事军用潜艇潜望镜和光电产品的专项生产。2007年,瑞典一家企业收购Clark Tracks。Now change is coming to Scottish engineering, via the North Sea. The oil and gas industry is both a blessing and a curse for engineers. It is a big market for their products, but it also competes fiercely for labour. Glasgow-based companies complain about the shortage of skilled workers even more than do firms elsewhere in Britain. Yan Tiefenbrun, the boss of Castle, got involved in the Bloodhound project to create publicity, hoping talent would be drawn to his apprenticeship scheme. The current woes of Aberdeens offshore industry, facing tumbling oil prices and squeezed margins, could be a boon for the countrys other engineers.但是,苏格兰工程即将借助北海迎来转机。油气工业对工程商来说是福亦是祸。这一巨大市场可用来销售其产品,但对于劳动力的竞争也很激烈。在格拉斯哥,投诉技术工人无法胜任工作的企业数量居全国之首。城堡公司老板Yan Tiefenbrun为了提高企业知名度,参与了“寻血猎犬”工程,同时希望为其学徒计划招揽人才。亚伯丁海上石油开采业当前面临油价下跌、收益缩水,它们的祸可能是英国其他工程商的福。翻译:石海霞 校对:周雨晴 译文属译生译世 /029。
  Lexington莱克星顿Rick Perrys no-frills airline里克?佩里的廉价航空模式The governor of Texas thinks his states thrifty model will appeal to America德克萨斯州长认为自己州的节约模式对美国具有号召力COWBOY swagger can be a great look―until the strutting hero trips and falls flat on his face. Governor Rick Perry of Texas learned that in 2011. For a heady moment he led the field of Republicans seeking the presidential nomination. Then came the fall. An ill-prepared Mr Perry was stunned when rivals attacked him from the right, denouncing his (admirable) policy of offering subsidised university places to Texas residents, regardless of immigration status, in the interests of a skilled workforce. The end came with an “Oops” heard around the world, uttered during a TV debate in which―flustered and battling severe back-pain―Mr Perry forgot which federal departments he wanted to abolish.趾高气扬的牛仔看起来很棒―直到这名大摇大摆的英雄不小心摔了个啃泥,变成了熊。德克萨斯州长里克?佩里在2011年得到了教训。在一个激动人心的时刻,他领导共和党人追求总统提名,然后功亏一篑。由于佩里准备不足,当他的竞争对手从右翼攻击他,谴责他的政策(一个值得赞扬的政策)为德克萨斯居民提供大学资助名额,而忽略了移民身份,只是为了熟练工人的利益,他手足无措。在这场电视直播的辩论中,结束时他的一声“哎哟”全世界都清楚地听到了―佩里慌乱地对抗着严重的背痛,忘了他希望废除的是哪个联邦部门。Now, as he prepares to retire as Texass longest-serving governor, Mr Perry is poised for a re-launch. Think-tank boffins and foreign-policy gurus have descended on the Ionic-columned governors mansion in Austin, briefing him on everything from monetary policy to Islamic extremism. He has talked geopolitics in London and Warsaw and debated energy policy with Communist bosses in China. On December 2nd he invited donors to lunch. Wisely, he offered more than happy-talk. When voters handed Republicans big wins in the mid-term elections it was no declaration of love for the Right, he told guests. Theirs was a vote of no-confidence in Barack Obama, and a cry of despair at Washington dysfunction and the lack of respect enjoyed by America abroad. Voters are offering Republicans one more chance to govern, with the message: “Dont blow it.”如今,作为德克萨斯州在任时间最长的州长,他准备退休了,但也正在准备重新开始自己的事业。智囊团和国外政策专家们突然访问了这座位于奥斯丁的有着爱奥尼亚式圆柱的州长大楼,简单向他报告了许多事情――从货币政策到伊斯兰极端主义。他在伦敦和华沙谈论地缘政治学,与中国的共产党官员争辩能源政策。他于12月2日邀请捐赠人吃午餐。他很明智,午餐间他们并不仅仅是愉快的交谈。他对宾客们说,选民们投票给共和党使其在中期大选中全胜,这对右翼来说不是一件好事。他们对奥巴马投了不信任票,而且对美国政府功能紊乱,以及海外国家对美国缺乏尊重很失望。选民们为共和党提供了更多管理的机会,并传递了信息:“别搞砸了。”Not blowing a fresh White House bid is Mr Perrys own mission. Last time he was “a bit arrogant,” he admits in an interview at his mansion, reclining in an armchair flanked by busts of Reagan and Churchill. He mistakenly assumed that running Texas was preparation for a presidential bid. This time, he has spent 22 months preparing “intensively”.佩里的任务就是不要搞砸这次全新的白宫选举。在州长大楼的一场采访中,他斜靠在扶手椅中,两侧分别是里根和丘吉尔的半身像,他承认上次“有点自大”了。他错误认为管理德克萨斯州就是为总统竞选做准备。而这次,他已花费22个月“集中”准备竞选。Pundits are asking: is Rick Perry y? When asked, prominent Republicans advising Mr Perry offer warm words: they call him “energised” and “intellectually curious”. The difference from 2011 is “night and day”, says one. The governor will make a final decision next spring. In an unexpected twist, he was recently indicted for abuse of power, after leaning on an Austin prosecutor to resign after her arrest for drunk-driving. His indictment (which even some liberal jurists think looks like the hounding of a governor for doing his job) will either go away or stop him dead. Time will tell if he is up to a fresh run, but that is the wrong question. A better one is: what does Mr Perry stand for?专家询问:里克?佩里准备好了吗?当问到这个问题时,杰出的共和党员建议佩里言辞热烈一些:他们称他是“精力充沛”以及“求知好学”的人。某位专家称他与2011年那时已经不可“同日而语”。州长在来年春天将会做出最终决定。在一名奥斯丁检察官因酗酒被捕后,他逼迫她辞职,意料之外的是,最近他因此被控告滥用职权。对他的控告(即使一些仁慈的法学家也认为这看起来是州长被迫行使职权)要么会沉寂,要么就会使他止步。时间将会明他是否能够胜任一场新选举,但这个问题是错误的。更好的问题是:佩里代表了什么?Any answer must begin with his governing record. A “Texas miracle” say boosters, pointing to the millions who have moved to his state in recent years, drawn by low taxes, cheap housing, light-touch regulation and courts that take a dim view of frivolous lawsuits. Mr Perry is keen on comparisons with highly-taxed, regulation-choked California, or as he calls it, the state from which he poaches employers “on a regular basis”. During his 14 years as governor, he beams, a third of all net jobs created in America were created in Texas.任何都应该从他的管理记录开始。近几年有数百万人因低税收、低房价、轻力度监管和法庭对琐碎诉讼的不赞成而迁移到德克萨斯州,持者们说这是个“德克萨斯奇迹”。佩里喜欢与高税收、严监管的加州作对比,或者像他称的那样,他“经常”从加州挖来雇主。他笑容满面地称,在他十四年的行政生涯中,美国所有净就业机会中有三分之一都是德克萨斯州创造的,这是他的一个得意功绩。A mirage, retort many on the Left: Mr Perry rode an energy boom and stole jobs from other states with tax breaks and other bribes. Millions in Texas lack health insurance. The state tolerates horrible inequalities. Sceptics charge that an extremist lurks behind the governors charm, whether he is attacking the federal government for leaving a lethally “porous” border between Mexico and Texas, or displaying a serene confidence as he signed off on 279 executions as governor. If people move to Texas―such critics murmur―its because they are happy with crappy.许多左翼人士反驳说这只是个假象:佩里先生精力旺盛,用税收减免和其它贿赂从别的州偷来了不少工作。德克萨斯州有数百万人没有医疗保险。该州容忍了严重的不平等。怀疑论者们控告称州长那迷人外表下隐藏着极端主义者,他正在攻击联邦政府,在墨西哥和德克萨斯州之间留下致命的“漏洞百出”的边界,或者是就像同意了279项执行令状那样展示着自己平静的自信。这些批评家们抱怨说,如果人们迁移到德克萨斯州,那是因为他们自甘堕落。Americans dont move to crappy places, retorts Mr Perry. He reels off statistics about the Texan quality of life: the number of well-paid new jobs, the 35,000 doctors who arrived once dodgy lawsuits were curtailed, even the number of theatre seats in Houston (only New York has more, he says). The Texan way is a choice, he says: the state offers people as much government as they want, rather than what Washington thinks is good for them.佩里先生反驳说,美国人不会迁移到没价值的地方。他一口气说出了德克萨斯州的生活质量的各种统计资料:待遇优厚的新工作,当烦人的诉讼被缩减后,三万五千名医生来到了这里,甚至连休斯顿的剧院座位都缩减了(只有纽约增加了,他说)。德克萨斯之路是个选择,他说:该州为人们提供了他们所有想要的治理,即使华盛顿都没这么为他们着想过。You get what you pay for你付出了,就能得到收获This, surely, will be Mr Perrys contribution to the debate if he runs. Reduce modern politics to their essence, and some of the angriest arguments turn on a crisis of affordability. Most households have seen their incomes stagnate while certain essential middle-class goods (such as college education and health care) have soared in price. Too many Democrats seem to think that the solution is to pluck more money out of a magicians hat. Some suggest that new taxes can painlessly fund more government largesse, or insist that firms can easily afford to pay higher wages. Too many Republicans put their faith in magical policies: hinting that tax cuts and deregulation alone will return the economy to a Golden Age of affluence.当然,如果佩里先生参加竞选的话,这就是他对辩论的贡献。将现代政策缩减至精华,一些愤怒的争论变成了负担能力的危机。大多数家庭都看到了收入停滞不前,而一些重要的中产阶级物品(如大学教育和医疗保险)价格飙升。许多民主党认为解决方案就是从魔术师的帽子里变出更多的钱。一些人建议说新的税务政策能够毫不费力地为政府的慷慨提供资金持,或者坚称公司能够轻松负担高薪。许多共和党对魔法政策信心十足:暗示单靠减税和放松管制就能使经济回到富裕的鼎盛时期。Mr Perry stands out for tackling, squarely, the fact that Americans are used to services that increasingly cost more than they (or any government) can afford. Rather often, the Texan solution involves basic services that aim to be cheap but good enough. Call it the low-cost airline model: offering a minimal service that is safe and reliable, then letting consumers pay for frills and extras if they like. Mr Perry grumbles at the idea that Texas is a discount model for anything. But competition is certainly at the heart of his pitch. He has pressed Texan colleges to offer degrees for only ,000, for example. He has rejected Obamacares calls to expand health coverage on Washingtons terms. He thinks that Texas should be allowed to cover the poor as it sees fit (with an emphasis on creating jobs that make health care affordable, rather than safety nets). As president, he would be delighted to let other states offer onerous taxes and lavish services. Some people want such things, he agrees: they are “free to live in California”.佩里坚决断然阻止,事实是美国人习惯了超出他们(或者任何政府)承担能力的日益增加的花费。德克萨斯州的常见解决方法就包括物美价廉的基本务,叫做廉价航空模式:提供最少的安全可靠务,如果顾客需要额外的花哨务的话,让他们自己付。佩里对德克萨斯州这种什么事情都要打折扣的模式表示不满。但竞争是他竞选的核心。例如,他曾向德克萨斯州大学施压,让他们提供一万美元就能获得的学位。在华盛顿任期期间,他拒绝了奥巴马医改扩大医疗覆盖范围的要求。他认为德克萨斯应该被允许覆盖穷人,因为它很合适(强调创造就业机会,使人们能负担得起医疗保险,而不是建立医疗安全网)。如果成为总统,他会很乐意让其它州提供繁重的税收和花哨的务。有人喜欢这些东西,他赞同说:她们“在加州自由生活”。Not everyone wants to live in Texas. But Mr Perrys pitch is worth debating. Forget that “Oops,” and hope that he runs.不是每个人都想生活在德克萨斯州。但佩里先生的政策值得争辩。忘掉那声“哎哟”吧,希望他参加竞选。译者:靳方方 校对:萧毛毛 译文属译生译世 /502This week marks the 45th anniversary of Dr. Alice Hamiltons death.Hamilton was a leading expert in the field of occupational health and a pioneer in toxicology. She lived to the age of 101.Dr. Howard Markel tells us that Hamilton lived and worked through a period of time that allowed her to break ground as both a physician and a woman.He describes magnificent.;According to Markel, H in the Social Gospel movement, a religious movement in the late 19th century that sought to improve American society through the application of Christian values.;Helping immigrants assimilate, helping the downtrodden get homes or jobs or things like that,; Markel says.Markel tells us she became further enamored with the work done by the women who founded Hull House, a settlement house that welcomed newly-arrived European immigrants, ;where she later worked and lived for about 22 years,; and decided that she wanted to become a doctor.She graduated from the University of Michigan, one of few schools at the time that accepted women into its medical program.Markel says she worked hard to stand out in a field dominated by men.;She made sure she had all the accomplishments to be a first-rate physician and researcher and scholar,; he says, spending time at the University of Minnesota, at Johns Hopkins, and in the laboratories of Leipzig, among others.;She was the very model of a major physician, yet she had a hard time getting regular gigs because of her gender,; he says.Markel tells us Hamilton was the first woman appointed to the Harvard faculty. ;She also said famously ... I may have been the first woman appointed, but I wasnt the first woman who deserved to be appointed.;Occupational health was not a field of study that anyone had any real interest in, according to Markel, during a time where extremely dangerous work environments were the norm.Hamilton tackled the topic with gusto.She acted as sort of a secret agent, getting into factories and workplaces to observe firsthand the sort of dangers workers were routinely exposed to, according to Markel.;She also was well-schooled enough in chemistry and toxicology to do studies, you know, what does exposure to picric acid do to you? Or, lead paint … or a variety of other toxins that we now know to be very deadly,; Markel says.While her work did have a significant effect on the state of workplace safety, Markel tells us there are many places in the world today that still struggle to provide safe and fair work environments.;She did move the needle, but we still have many problems both in the ed States and abroad,; Markel says. ;Alice Hamiltons work, I think she would say, is still undone.;Dr. Howard Markel tells us more about the life and work of Dr. Alice Hamilton in our conversation above.473
  For some time now, scientists have understood that the earths crust is divided into plates that move about at the rate of a few inches a year.现在科学家们已经搞清楚地壳分为各个板块,而且板块间以每年几英寸的速度移动着。But over time, form mountain ranges and volcanoes. 但随着时间的推移山脉和火山得以形成。They have also known that the earths mantle, the layer between the earths crust and core, was the major player in the movement of the plates. 他们也已经搞清楚地球的地幔,就是地壳和核心之间的那层是板块运动的主要参与者。Scientists talk about the mantle as a kind of weather system. 科学家认为地幔是一种天气系统。There are cooler and warmer sections of the mantle that are in constant flux with one another, much like gathering storm clouds. 地幔部分持续的流动有冷却器和温暖,就像风暴云聚集一样。These subterranean storms miles below the earths surface, though very slow in development, can eventually exert powerful force on the earths crust.这些地下风暴低于地球表面,虽然发展非常缓慢,最终会对地壳产生强大的力量。494
  Leaders Imperial ambitions社论精粹 帝国野心 Mark Zuckerberg prepares to fight for dominance of the next era of computing马克?扎克伯格准备为争夺下一个计算时代的统治地位而战NOT since the era of imperial Rome has the “thumbs-up” sign been such a potent and public symbol of power. A mere 12 years after it was founded, Facebook is a great empire with a vast population, immense wealth, a charismatic leader, and mind-boggling reach and influence. The worlds largest social network has 1.6 billion users, a billion of whom use it every day for an average of over 20 minutes each. In the Western world, Facebook accounts for the largest share of the most popular activity (social networking) on the most widely used computing devices (smartphones); its various apps account for 30% of mobile internet use by Americans. And it is the sixth-most-valuable public company on Earth, worth some 5 billion.自罗马帝国时代以来,“竖起大拇指”这一手势就成为了公开且有力的权力象征。成立仅十二年之后,Facebook已成为一个伟大的帝国,人口众多、财富无数、领袖魅力非凡,且影响力和影响范围令人难以想象。这一全球最大的社交网络拥有16亿用户,其中十亿每天平均使用时间超过20分钟。在西方世界,Facebook在最广泛使用的计算设备(智能手机)上的最受欢迎的活动(社交网络)中所占份额最大;它各种各样的应用占美国人移动互联网使用的30%。它是全球市值第六大的上市公司,价值3250亿美元。Even so, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebooks 31-year-old founder and chief executive, has even greater ambitions. He has plans to connect the digitally unconnected in poor countries by beaming internet signals from solar-powered drones, and is making big bets on artificial intelligence (AI), “chatbots” and virtual reality (VR). This bid for dominance will bring him into increasing conflict with the other great empires of the technology world, and Google in particular. The ensuing battle will shape the digital future for everyone.即便如此,31岁的Facebook创始人及首席执行官马克?扎克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)仍有更宏伟的志向。他计划用太阳能供电的无人机发送互联网信号,以连接贫困国家尚未连入数字世界的人,他在人工智能(AI)、聊天机器人和虚拟现实(VR)上押下重注。对统治地位的竞逐会令他和科技世界其他伟大帝国之间的冲突不断增加,尤其是同谷歌之间。今后的战斗将为每个人塑造数字化的未来。 Facebook has prospered by building compelling services that attract large audiences, whose attention can then be sold to advertisers. The same is true of Google. The two play different roles in their users lives: Google has masses of data about the world, whereas Facebook knows about
you go to Google to get things done, but turn to Facebook when you have time to kill. Yet their positions of dominance and their strategies are becoming remarkably similar. Unparalleled troves of data make both firms difficult to challenge and immensely profitable, giving them the wealth to make bold bets and to deal with potential competitors by buying them. And both firms crave more users and more data―which, for all the do-gooding rhetoric, explains why they are both so interested in extending internet access in the developing world, using drones or, in Googles case, giant balloons.Facebook打造多个引人瞩目的务吸引大量用户,继而将用户的关注卖给广告商,以此取得成功。谷歌也是如此。这两大公司在其用户的生活中扮演着不同的角色:谷歌拥有关于这个世界的大量数据,而Facebook了解你和你的朋友;你用谷歌是为了完成任务,但要打发时间时你会找Facebook。然而它们的统治地位和战略正变得越来越相似。无与伦比的数据宝藏让两家公司都难有敌手,且获利颇丰,它们的财富足以掷下豪注并且通过收购解决潜在竞争者。这两家公司渴求更多用户、更多数据,用冠冕堂皇的说法,这解释了为何它们都对在发展中国家扩展互联网连接兴趣浓厚,Facebook使用无人机,谷歌则使用巨型气球。The task is to harness data to offer new services and make money in new ways. Facebooks bet on AI is a recognition that “machine learning”―in which software learns by crunching data, rather than having to be explicitly programmed―is a big part of the answer.现在的任务是利用数据提供新的务,以新的方式赚钱。Facebook在人工智能方面的赌注是对“机器学习”的认可,即软件通过分析数据学习,而不需要精确编写程序。 /740
  your husband is right there,whats your husbands name,Danny,Hi Danny, how are you doing你的丈夫也来了 你的丈夫叫什么名字 丹尼 嘿 丹尼 你好吗Oh,God,Hi I love you,I love you too,So where do you live噢 天啊 我爱你 我也爱你 你住在哪里we live in Beaverton Oregon right outside the Portland我们住在比佛顿 俄勒冈 波特兰外So I pretty much just described your story,you are saying pretty positive somehow,how do you say so positive在我描述你的故事的时候 你表现的十分乐观 你怎么做到如此乐观的God you know we have a beautiful 11 month old son,cute little picture, I saw the picture天啊 你知道吗 我们有一个美丽的11个月大的男孩 可爱的小照片 我看到了那张照片It looks like a painting you find in an emtpy,that doesnt look real就像是一幅在美术馆里的水画 那看起来不像是真的thats like one of those 1950s portraits that you buy,Look at that,there he is倒像是你20世纪50年代买的肖像画 看这个 他在那里So you have a little baby that youve go to say positive for,We have a baby we watch you everyday你有一个小宝宝 所以你很积极对吗 我们有一个宝宝 我们每天都看你呢I have to tell you I have an alarm set on my cellphone at 5-3 for your show我得告诉你我给我的手机上了闹铃 5点至3点为了看你的节目and everytime my alarm goes off,my husband goes time to watch Ellen,thats exactly what it is,thats sweet每次我的闹铃响的时候 我的先生都会说 看艾伦的时间到了 真是那样的 真好So we have a beautiful son,and lost my job,a lot of things kind of went on in about 6 months我们有一个美丽的儿子 我却丢了工作 糟糕的事持续了6个月how are you getting by,so you are like 20 dollars left over at the end of the month,pretty much你是怎样走过来的呢 你每个月都只剩20美元 差不多alright, well we wanna help,I know you want to bought a house,It needs reparing,it needs a lot of different things好的 我们想要帮助你 我知道你想要买一所房子 它需要修理 它需要很多不同的东西So let me start, let see,we are gonna first of all give you a one year supply of Huggies diapers让我们开始吧 让我看看 所以我们要为你提供 一年的Huggies尿布so that will help to have a one year supply of Huggies right,then to help with your home repairs一年的Huggies尿布的提供会给你们带来帮助 然后为了帮助你们修理房屋True Value hardware is giving you a 5000 dollars worth of supplies真品质的五金给你提供 价值5000美元的工具for your tools from your local True Value store and also True Value wants to give you this as well来自你们当地的真品质商店 同时真品质还想给你们这个 /875。
  If blood didnt circulate through our bodies, carrying oxygenand nutrients, we wouldnt be able to live.如果血液不能在我们身体内循环,为人体输送氧气和营养,我们便无法存活。Blood is soimportant to life that the body constantly makes new blood.血液对生命十分重要,所以人体会不断的制造新鲜血液。To do this, the body must produce the liquid part of blood, called plasma, and the cells that floatin it.人体在造血时必须要产生血液的液体部分,即血浆,以及浮在血浆上的细胞。Plasma is made mostly of water and salts that we absorb through our digestive tracts everyday.血浆主要由我们通过消化道每天吸收的水和盐组成。Its job is to deliver nutrients and water throughout the body.它的作用就是输送水和营养物质到全身各个部位。Ninety-nine percent of the blood cells floating in plasma are red blood cells, which carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and give blood its red color.浮在血浆上99%的血细胞都是红细胞,它们会把肺部的氧气输送到全身各处,这样血液才会呈现出红色。The average life of a red bloodcell is four months.一个红细胞的平均寿命是4个月。What Happens After That?接下来会发生什么呢?The spleen continuously destroys millions of old red blood cells, recycling the iron to make new redcells.脾脏不断地将数百万老化的红细胞解体,循环利用其中的铁元素来制造新的红细胞。White blood cells, which are part of the immune system, and platelets, which help with bloodclotting at a site of injury, also float in plasma.白细胞是人体免疫系统的一部分而血小板则在人体伤口处起到凝血作用,这两种血细胞也都漂浮在血浆上。They have much shorter life spans than red cellsand also are replaced continuously.但是它们的存活周期要比红细胞短,同时也会被不断地更新。If youve ever seen a bone cut crosswise, with soft tissue called marrow inside, then youve seenwhere blood cells are made.如果你看到过一块被横切的骨头,你就会看到里面的软组织,即骨髓,它是专门制造血细胞的。Bone marrow contains special blood cells, which constantly divide toproduce new cells to replace the ones that have been destroyed.骨髓含有特殊的血细胞,这种细胞会不断分离产生新的细胞来取代那些已被破坏的细胞。Why all this bloody business inthe bone marrow?为什么所有的造血工作都在骨髓中进行呢?The bodys process of forming new blood cells helps you recover if you lose blood to an injury, and it also helps blood perform its many functions despite cell damage and loss.是如果你因受伤而流血的话,人体生成新血细胞的过程便能帮助你复原,同时,尽管存在细胞受损或缺失,这个过程也能帮助血液发挥很多其它的功能。 /514
  I wanted to find out what kind of caterpillar it was,cause I loved nature.我想弄清楚它是哪种毛毛虫 因为我爱自然And because I touched,and I thought it maybe poisonous也因为我摸过它 我觉得它可能有毒So I did what I always do,I have a nature question, I showed a picture to my assistant.然后我就像往常一样 有关于大自然的问题 我就把照片给我助理看ICraig,what this be?;我说“克雷格 这是什么”And uh...whatever it is,thats what I say.我大概就是 这么说的And uh...He told me this particular caterpillar turns into a morning cloak butterfly,which is that one.然后 他告诉我 这种毛毛虫会变成一种蝴蝶 就是这样的蝴蝶See how pretty!And the reason they show up is cause they wanna eat my chinese oak tree,because we dont love chinese.漂亮吧 它们之所以出现在我家附近是想吃我的中国橡木树,因为我们不喜欢中国人。And sorry.Thinking about this,and this caterpillar is gonna turn into this beautiful butterfly,and then fly away.抱歉 不过好好想想 这只毛毛虫会变成这样美丽的蝴蝶 然后翩翩飞走And it got me thinking about all these amazing miracles in the universe we take for granted.这让我不禁思考 宇宙间所有我们习以为常的 精妙绝伦的奇迹I am not talk about child birth.We all know that happens.我说的可不是生孩子 我们都知道那是咋回事Its not a miracle.Its just disgusting.那不是奇迹 那是只是件恶心的事And I am takling about real miracles,like this caterpillar tu我说的那些真正的奇迹 比如毛毛虫破茧成蝶Or how tadpoles turn into frogs Or how my mother keeps getting her drive license renewed或者蝌蚪变青蛙 又或者我妈怎么能一直换到新驾照If you pay attention to miracles,they happen every single day.如果你留心奇迹 它们每天都在发生Like when I leave work in the morning,my bed is a mess, I mean,就比如我今早出门上班时 我的床铺乱成一团 我是说the covers are pulled down,The pillows are all over the place.被子全部掉地上 枕头到处都是But when I get home,my bed are aly made!但当我回到家 我的床已经整整齐齐了How does that happen?Science cant explain it.怎么会这样 科学也解释不清楚And my maid tries to,but shes a very thick accent.So remains a mystery.我的女佣想解释来着 但她口音太重了 所以这还是未解之谜I hope you take a moment to appreciate all the little miracles in your life.And I hope you appreciate this dance.我希望你们花点时间 欣赏你生命中所有的奇迹 也希望你们能喜欢这舞 /593
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