British Aerospace is planning to set up its own university because it cannot recruit the skilled graduates it needs from existing institutions.
BAe has a team drafting a range of options for the university, which would award its own degrees. Work on the scheme is expected to start in the next few months.
Sir Richard Evans, chief executive of British Aerospace, has already launched a recruiting drive for engineers on the Continent because of a shortage of high-calibre domestic candidates. Advertising campaigns in France, Germany and other European countries will seek to attract students expecting to graduate in the summer.
Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit. The move to take on overseas graduates comes after BAe left one in five of its graduate places unfilled last year, blaming shortcomings in the education system.
If the scheme is approved, BAe will either build a full university or incorporate sites at its main research and manufacturing centres at Famborough, Surrey, and Warton, Lancashire. The company would have to convince the education authorities that the university had sufficient teaching capacity and autonomy for it to be allowed to award degrees. BAe said it was setting up its own education system and recruiting staff abroad because &there is a shortage of engineering graduates, both in terms of quantity and quality&.
The Engineering Employers' Federation said that skill shortages were an urgent problem. Rolls- Royce, another large engineering employer, said there was a general skill shortage, although it had filled its graduate quota. Rolls will soon recruit internationally to reflect its expanding international operations.
Engineering's failure to attract students has been attributed to poor pay and long-term prospects, given the decline in British manufacturing. BAe would not reveal how much it pays graduates, but Lucas Variety, a large engineering employer, paid a starting salary of ~ 14,200 last year. That compares with an average graduate starting salary of ~ 15, 300, according to Income Data Services.
British universities have found it increasingly difficult to recruit well-qualified undergraduates. Even Oxford and Cambridge fail to meet their quotas in many engineering subjects.
Alan Smithers, whose Centre for Education and Employment Research, at Bmnel University, produced a report on the supply of science and engineering graduates early this year, said that the discipline had been over expanded. &There is now a lack of quality to withstand competition in an increasingly international sphere. Companies go where they can find the best candidates.&
Engineering docs not enjoy the high status in Britain that it occupies in other parts of the world. Courses in other parts of Europe and the Far East command among the highest entry requirements of all degree subjects and take five years, rather than the norm of three in Britain.
1. British Aerospace is recruiting engineers on the Continent __
( A ) as the pay for them can be much lower
( B ) as there are not enough well, qualified candidates at home
( C ) to compete with France, Germany and other European countries
( D ) to set up a university of its own
2. In the passage, the expression &to follow suit& in the sentence &Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit& (para. 4) can best be paraphrased as __
( A ) to join BAe in its recruiting scheme
( B ) to take the unanimous action
( C ) to recruit graduates overseas
( D ) to establish universities
3. Which of the following is NOT the reason that engineering courses fail to attract British students?
( A ) The decline of British manufacturing industry.
( B ) The recruitment of engineers abroad.
( C ) The lower pay for engineering graduates.
( D ) The long and slow process of success and promotion after graduation.
4. &Oxford& and &Cambridge& are mentioned in the passage to show that __
( A ) they are the world famous universities
( B ) they are not cooperating with British Aerospace
( C ) they are reforming the engineering education
( D ) they can not fulfil their recruitment quotas in engineering
5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
( A ) There should be further cooperation between British Aerospace and Higher Institutions.
( B ) Shortage of engineers leads BAe to plan its own university.
( C ) British Higher Education has recently been reevaluated.
( D ) British Engineering education is severely criticized for its lack of quality.
1．原题所问的是英国航空航天局正在欧洲大陆招工程师是因为什么?从原文中有关部分&Sir Richard Evans，chief executive of British Aerospace，has already launched a recruiting drive for engineers on the Continent because of a shortage of high-calibre domestic candidates．&，可以看出，是因为国内缺乏有资格的人员。(A)项是说对他们所付的工资可以更低，&项为可以同法国、德国以及其他欧洲国家竞争，(D)项为设立自己的大学，这些选项均不符合题意，因此只有B因为国内没有足够的具有资格的候选人&是正确的。正确答案为( B )。
2．该句为具体短语和句子理解题。要求考生理解&to follow suit'&这一短语在句子&Other engineering employers are expected to follow suit&中的含意；但要理解这一含意，又必须根据上文和下句(para．4)的含意才能作出判断。上文是说由于英国国内缺乏具有资格的工程师，因此要在海外(欧洲大陆)招聘毕业生，下旬又说&The move to take on overseas graduates comes after BAe left one in five of its graduate places unfilled last year，blaming shortcomings in the education system．&，所以&to follow suit'&意为&to recruit graduates overseas,&。( C )项为正确答案。
3．英国工程学课程不能吸引英国学生有各种各样的原因。题目所问为否定项，哪一个不是这一原因。其中，(A)项为英国制造业的衰落，&项为工程毕业生薪水更低，(D)为毕业后加官晋级、获得成功是一个漫长的过程，这些都符合篇章中提到的原因，而只有(B)项从国外招收工程师是由此产生的结果。所以，只有(B)项正确。
4．该题所问的是：篇章中提到牛津和剑桥两所大学是想表明什么?从篇章中的 para．8，&British universities have found it increasingly difficult to recruit well-qualified undergraduates．Even Oxford and Cambridge failt on meet their quotas in many engineering subjects．&，便可知选项(D)they can not fulfil their recruitment quotas in engineering．即：它们不能完成招收工程学学生的数额，符合题意。正确答案为(D)。
5．该题属于概括题。要求考生能选择出概括篇章的最佳句子。选项(A)There should be further cooperation between British Aerospace and Higher Institutions．英国航空航天局应该与高等教育机构进一步合作，选项（C）British Higher Education has recently been revaluated.近来已对英国高等教育进行了重新评估，选项 (D)British Engineering education is severely criticized for its lack of quality。即：英国工程教育由于质量不佳受到严肃批评，这些概括句子都不符合篇章的主旨，只有（B）Shortage of engineers leads Bae to plan its own university.符合篇章要旨。所以正确答案为（B）。
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英语翻译Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011.I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States—we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,the Family and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent".In fact,every step of the way,as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law,business groups have been strongly opposed.As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.In her book No Exit:What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents,she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives:there is "no exit" when it comes to children."Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care,meaning the intensive,intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual,emotional and moral capabilities.And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years,or longer if needed."While most parents do this out of love,there are public penalties for not providing care.What parents do,in other words,is of deep concern to the state,for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society.The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare,yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes.To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefi really,it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (不断积累) to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry (公民).In fact,by some estimates,the value of parental investments in children,investments of time and money (including lost wages),is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product.If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.
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只有两个在世界先进国家没有提供有薪请假照顾新生婴儿的保证.两个,澳大利亚,去年春天一个送给通过建立支薪家庭留在2011年开始的可疑的区别.我并不惊讶,当这个消息并没有使这里在美国的方向走现在没有这样的政策,只有富裕的国家.美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策,家庭与医疗假法,在1993年通过.它赋予工人多达12周的新生儿的或与家庭医疗保健问题的处理无薪假期.尽管谦虚的利益,商务部和商会等商业团体激烈战斗它,描述为“政府办人事管理”和“危险的先例”它.其实,每一个步骤的方式,为（通常）民主党领导人都试图引入执法工作与家庭平衡的措施,商业团体一直强烈反对.正如耶鲁大学法学教授安妮Alstott认为,父母的支持取决于理由界定为社会利益,在某种意义上说,社会必须支付的家庭.在她的书中没有出口：什么儿童和家长欠他们什么社会欠父母,她父母都认为,他们的生活负担,在许多方面：没有“退出”当涉及到儿童.“社会期望和需要,家长提供持续的照顾自己的孩子,这意味着集约化,贴心呵护人类需要发展自己的智力,情感和道德能力.与社会的期望和需要,家长坚持对自己的角色18年或更长的时间,如果必要的.“ 虽然大多数家长做这样的爱,也有不提供公共服务的处罚.父母在做什么,换句话说,就是对国家的深切关注,为明显的原因,照顾子女不仅是道义上的紧迫,而是为了社会的未来至关重要.国家承认在家庭法律管辖的大型机构,儿童福利,但在父母的帮助不大会议收到的改变生活的社会义务,这规定.被归为个人选择,其中有没有集体责任养育不仅忽视为人父母的社会福利;真的,它是窃取这些好处,因为它们产生（不断积累）向社会今天的儿童全变成明天的生产力的公民（公民）.事实上,一些估计,投资在儿童的父母,时间和金钱（包括工资损失）的投资,价值相当于国内生产总值的20-30％.如果这些投资产生巨大的社会效益,因为他们清楚地做,以提供更多的社会福利对家庭的支持,应该是更清晰.
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