How can I get distribution name and version number in a simple shell script? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange
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I'm working on a simple bash script that should be able to run on Ubuntu and CentOS distributions (support for Debian and Fedora/RHEL would be a plus) and I need to know the name and version of the distribution the script is running (in order to trigger specific actions, for instance the creation of repositories). So far what I've got is this:
OS=$(awk '/DISTRIB_ID=/' /etc/*-release | sed 's/DISTRIB_ID=//' | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
ARCH=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_//;s/i[3-6]86/32/')
VERSION=$(awk '/DISTRIB_RELEASE=/' /etc/*-release | sed 's/DISTRIB_RELEASE=//' | sed 's/[.]0/./')
if [ -z "$OS" ]; then
OS=$(awk '{print $1}' /etc/*-release | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
if [ -z "$VERSION" ]; then
VERSION=$(awk '{print $3}' /etc/*-release)
echo $ARCH
echo $VERSION
This seems to work, returning ubuntu or centos (I haven't tried others) as the release name. However, I have a feeling that there must be an easier, more reliable way of finding this out -- is that true?
It doesn't work for RedHat.
/etc/redhat-release contains :
Redhat Linux Entreprise release 5.5
So, the version is not the third word, you'd better use :
OS_MAJOR_VERSION=`sed -rn 's/.*([0-9])\.[0-9].*/\1/p' /etc/redhat-release`
OS_MINOR_VERSION=`sed -rn 's/.*[0-9].([0-9]).*/\1/p' /etc/redhat-release`
echo "RedHat/CentOS $OS_MAJOR_VERSION.$OS_MINOR_VERSION"
12.1k62242
Most recent distributions have a tool called lsb_release.
Your /etc/*-release will be using /etc/lsb-release anyway, so if that file is there, running lsb_release should work too.
I think uname to get ARCH is still the best way.
OS=$(lsb_release -si)
ARCH=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_//;s/i[3-6]86/32/')
VER=$(lsb_release -sr)
Or you could just source /etc/lsb-release:
. /etc/lsb-release
OS=$DISTRIB_ID
ARCH=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_//;s/i[3-6]86/32/')
VER=$DISTRIB_RELEASE
If you have to be compatible with older distributions, there is no single file you can rely on.
Either fall back to the output from uname, e.g.
OS=$(uname -s)
ARCH=$(uname -m)
VER=$(uname -r)
or handle each distribution separately:
if [ -f /etc/debian_version ]; then
# XXX or Ubuntu??
VER=$(cat /etc/debian_version)
elif [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then
Of course, you can combine all this:
ARCH=$(uname -m | sed 's/x86_//;s/i[3-6]86/32/')
if [ -f /etc/lsb-release ]; then
. /etc/lsb-release
OS=$DISTRIB_ID
VER=$DISTRIB_RELEASE
elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ]; then
# XXX or Ubuntu??
VER=$(cat /etc/debian_version)
elif [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then
# TODO add code for Red Hat and CentOS here
OS=$(uname -s)
VER=$(uname -r)
Finally, your ARCH obviously only handles Intel systems.
I'd either call it BITS like this:
case $(uname -m) in
Or change ARCH to be the more common, yet unambiguous versions: x86 and x64 or similar:
case $(uname -m) in
# or AMD64 or Intel64 or whatever
# or IA32 or Intel32 or whatever
# leave ARCH as-is
but of course that's up to you.
30.2k973103
I'd go with this as a first step:
ls /etc/*release
Gentoo, RedHat, Arch & SuSE have a file called e.g. /etc/gentoo-release. Seems to be popular, check this site about .
Debian & Ubuntu should have a /etc/lsb-release which contains release info also, and will show up with the previous command.
Another quick one is uname -rv. If the kernel installed is the stock distro kernel, you'll usually sometimes find the name in there.
31.2k597116
lsb_release -a. Works on Debian and I guess Ubuntu, but I'm not sure about the rest. Normally it should exist in all GNU/Linux distributions since it is LSB (Linux Standard Base) related.
lsb-* isn't installed/doesn't exist on base CentOS or Debian systems
/proc/* doesn't exist on OSX
Take a tip from javascript developers.
Don't test for the version, test for the capability.
It's not pretty, but it works.
Expand as necessary.
function os_type
case `uname` in
which yum && { }
which zypper && { }
which apt-get && { }
# Handle AmgiaOS, CPM, and modified cable modems here.
One-liner, fallbacks, one line of output, no errors.
lsb_release -ds 2&/dev/null || cat /etc/*release 2&/dev/null | head -n1 || uname -om
Most of the time lsb_release -a or lsb_release -si will work.
Or you can use a script like this to handle the case where lsb_release is not available.
if [ -f /etc/lsb-release ]; then
. /etc/lsb-release
DISTRO=$DISTRIB_ID
elif [ -f /etc/debian_version ]; then
DISTRO=Debian
# XXX or Ubuntu
elif [ -f /etc/redhat-release ]; then
DISTRO="Red Hat"
# XXX or CentOS or Fedora
DISTRO=$(uname -s)
echo "$DISTRO"
If you're typing it interactively, and so prefer something easy to type, and don't care what the output is, you can just do.
lsb_release -sd || cat /etc/*release
30.2k973103
In order of most probable success, these:
cat /etc/*version
cat /proc/version #linprocfs/version for FreeBSD when "linux" enabled
cat /etc/*release
cover most cases (AFAIK): Debian, Ubuntu, Slackware, Suse, Redhat, Gentoo, *BSD and perhaps others.
If the file /etc/debian_version exists, the distribution is Debian, or a Debian derivative. This file may h on my machine it is currently 6.0.1. If it is testing or unstable, it may say testing/unstable, or it may have the number of the upcoming release. My impression is that on Ubuntu at least, this file is always testing/unstable, and that they don't put the release number in it, but someone can correct me if I am wrong.
Fedora (recent releases at least), have a similar file, namely /etc/fedora-release.
18k1257100
python -c "print(platform.platform())"
2 ways from many:
lsb_release -a
I tested it on CentOS 5.5 and Ubuntu 10.04
the output for CentOS is:
LSB Version:
:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description:
CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
and for Ubuntu is:
LSB Version:
:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description:
CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
2) enter the following command:
cat /etc/*-release
I tested it on CentOS 5.5 and Ubuntu 10.04, and it works fine.
1,18221227
For most modern Linux OS systems, the file /etc/os-release is really becoming standard and is getting included in most OS. So inside your Bash script you can just include the file, and you will have access to all variables described
(for example: NAME, VERSION, ...)
So I'm just using this in my Bash script:
if [ -f /etc/os-release ]
. /etc/os-release
echo "ERROR: I need the file /etc/os-release to determine what my distribution is..."
# If you want, you can include older or distribution specific files here...
If you can't or don't want to use the LSB release file (due to the dependencies the package brings in), you can look for the distro-specific release files.
has a probe for the distro you might be able to use:
12.7k12843
This script works on Debian, (may need some tweak on Ubuntu)
#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo "Finding Debian/ Ubuntu Codename..."
CODENAME=`cat /etc/*-release | grep "VERSION="`
CODENAME=${CODENAME##*\(}
CODENAME=${CODENAME%%\)*}
echo "$CODENAME"
# =& saucy, precise, lucid, wheezy, squeeze
Here is my simple chech_distro version. ^^;
#!/usr/bin/env bash
check_distro2(){
if [[ -e /etc/redhat-release ]]
DISTRO=$(cat /etc/redhat-release)
elif [[ -e /usr/bin/lsb_release ]]
DISTRO=$(lsb_release -d | awk -F ':' '{print $2}')
elif [[ -e /etc/issue ]]
DISTRO=$(cat /etc/issue)
DISTRO=$(cat /proc/version)
check_distro2
echo $DISTRO
Without version, just only dist:
cat /etc/issue | head -n +1 | awk '{print $1}'
Type below command
cat /etc/issue
This command works for Debian based and Redhat based distributions:
Using tr filter, you convert the document to one-word-per-line format and then count the first line which contains the distribution name.
tr -s ' \011' '\012' & /etc/issue | head -n 1
5,12451939
This was tested on Ubuntu 14 and CentOS 7
cat /etc/os-release | grep "PRETTY_NAME" | sed 's/PRETTY_NAME=//g' | sed 's/["]//g' | awk '{print $1}'
I find a good script
which works for most of common linux dists:
#! /bin/bash
# return an awkable string consisting of
unix OS type, or
Linux dist, or
a long guess (based on /proc), or
giveUp () {
echo "Unknown"
# keep this easily awkable, prepending an initial clue
versionGuess () {
if [ -e /proc/version ]; then
echo -n "Unsure "
cat /proc/version
# if we have ignition, print and exit
gotDist () {
[ -n "$1" ] && echo "$1" && exit 0
# we are only interested in a single word "dist" here
# various mal admin will have to code appropately based on output
linuxRelease () {
if [ -r /etc/lsb-release ]; then
dist=$(grep 'DISTRIB_ID' /etc/lsb-release | sed 's/DISTRIB_ID=//' | head -1)
gotDist "$dist"
dist=$(find /etc/ -maxdepth 1 -name '*release' 2& /dev/null | sed 's/\/etc\///' | sed 's/-release//' | head -1)
gotDist "$dist"
dist=$(find /etc/ -maxdepth 1 -name '*version' 2& /dev/null | sed 's/\/etc\///' | sed 's/-version//' | head -1)
gotDist "$dist"
# start with uname and branch the decision from there
dist=$(uname -s 2& /dev/null)
if [ "$dist" = "Linux" ]; then
linuxRelease
versionGuess
elif [ -n "$dist" ]; then
echo "$dist"
versionGuess
# we shouldn't get here
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