Foreign policy
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Foreign policy
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FOREIGN POLICY
Foreign policy
The foreign policy of the Republic of Poland is conducted by the Council of Ministers. As the representative of the State in foreign affairs, the President of the Republic cooperates with the Prime Minister and the Minister of Foreign Affairs on foreign policy issues.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs coordinates the foreign policy of the Polish government and enjoys a vast range of powers in this dimension which stem from Polish law. As the head of Poland’s diplomacy – the chief instrument of foreign policy – the Minister is responsible for maintaining relations with other states, pursuing the interests of the Polish state and its citizens, and caring for Poland’s global image.
The foreign policy of the Republic of Poland is implemented by the Foreign Service – civil servants and diplomats working at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Warsaw and at Polish diplomatic missions abroad.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the magazine. For other uses, see .
Foreign Affairs is an American magazine of
published by the , a , nonpartisan, membership organization and
specializing in U.S.
and . Founded in 1922, the print magazine is currently published every two months, while the website publishes articles daily.
Foreign Affairs is considered one of America's most influential foreign policy magazines. Over its long history, the magazine has published a number of seminal articles including 's "," published in 1947, and 's "," published in 1993. The magazine often publishes articles by important academics, public officials, and policy leaders, including , , , , , , , , , and . It is considered a forum for debate among academics and policy makers. According to the , the journal has a 2014
of 2.009, ranking it 6th out of 85 journals in the category "International Relations".
The Council on Foreign Relations, founded in the summer of 1921, primarily counted diplomats, financiers, scholars, and lawyers among its members. Its founding charter declared its purpose should be to "afford a continuous conference on international questions affecting the United States, by bringing together experts on statecraft, finance, industry, education, and science." In its first year, the Council engaged primarily in discourse via meetings and small discussion groups, however, eventually it decided to seek a wider audience. The Council began publishing Foreign Affairs in September 1922 on a quarterly basis.
The Council named Professor
as the journal's first . As Coolidge was unwilling to move from
to New York,
alumnus and a European correspondent of the
was appointed managing editor and worked New York, handling the day-to-day mechanics of publishing the journal. Armstrong chose the distinctive light blue color for the cover of the magazine, while his sisters, Margaret and Helen, designed the logo and lettering respectively.
Foreign Affairs is a successor publication of the Journal of International Relations (which ran from 1910 to 1922), which in turn was a successor to the
(which ran from 1911 to 1919).
The lead article in the first issue of Foreign Affairs was written by former
under 's Administration, . The article argued wrote that the United States had become a
and as such that the general population needed to be better informed about international matters. , then a financial expert attached to the American Commission to Negotiate Peace, who would later become
under , also contributed an article to the inaugural issue of Foreign Affairs on Allied debt following World War I.
In 1925, Foreign Affairs published a series of articles, entitled "Worlds of Color," by prominent
intellectual . DuBois, a personal friend of Armstrong, wrote mainly about race issues and imperialism. Although in the early days of publication the journal did not have many female authors, in the late 1930s American journalist for
would contribute articles.
published his doctrine of
in the July 1947 issue of Foreign Affairs.
The journal rose to its greatest prominence after
became central to , and the United States became a powerful actor on the global scene. Several extremely important articles were published in Foreign Affairs, including the reworking of 's "", which first publicized the doctrine of
that would form the basis of American
Louis Halle, a member of the U.S. Policy Planning Staff, also wrote an influential article in Foreign Affairs in 1950. His article, "On a Certain Impatience with Latin America", created the anticommunist intellectual framework that justified U.S. policy towards Latin America in the
era. Halle's article described that the encouragement of democracy in postwar Latin America had ended. He demonstrated disgust over Latin America's inability to assume autonomy and to become democratic. His rationalization towards Latin America was later used to justify U.S. efforts to overthrow the left-leaning Guatemalan government.
Eleven U.S.
have written essays in Foreign Affairs.
Since the end of the Cold War, and especially after the , the journal's readership has grown significantly. Foreign Affairs current total readership is 351,000 for the print magazine and it has 955,000 unique visitors per month for the website.
In the Summer 1993 issue, Foreign Affairs published 's his influential "?" article. In the article, Huntington argued that "the fundamental source of conflict in this new world will not be primarily ideological or primarily economic. The great divisions among humankind and the dominating source of conflict will be cultural."
In the November/December 2003 issue of Foreign Affairs,
wrote a review of 's book The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability, which gave rise to a controversy about 's relationship to the regime of Chilean dictator
and to . Maxwell claims that key
members, acting at Kissinger's behest, put pressure on Foreign Affairs editor, , to give the last word in a subsequent exchange about the review to , a close associate of Kissinger, rather than to M this went against established Foreign Affairs policy.
The article "Who is " by , which was published in the magazine's September/October 2013 issue, emphasized the view that the Supreme Leader is the primary decision maker in Iran.
Then-opposition leader and former
caused a stir by publishing an article entitled "Containing Russia" in the May–June 2007 issue of Foreign Affairs accusing Russia under
of expansionism and urging the rest of Europe to stand against him. Russian
wrote an article in response, but he withdrew it, citing "censorship" from the Foreign Affairs editorial board. Tymoshenko's party went on to win the 2007 elections and she became Prime Minister once again.
In 2009, Foreign Affairs launched its new website, , which offers both print content and online-only features.
Since its inception, Foreign Affairs has included a long book review section, typically reviewing 50 or more books per issue. The magazine's first editor, Archibald Cary Coolidge, asked his Harvard colleague, , a historian and
veteran, to run the section. Langer initially had full control over the magazine's book reviews and did all the reviews by himself. A month before the reviews were due, the Foreign Affairs office in New York would ship approximately one hundred books to Langer for review and within two weeks he would return his completed reviews for the next issue.
In the late 1930s, the review section was broken down into several categories. Currently, the Foreign Affairs reviews are broken down into long review essays, which are placed at the front of the books section, and the "Recent Books" section, where shorter reviewers are featured. The "Recent Books" section is further broken down into the following subject categories.
Political and Legal, reviewed by
Economic, Social, and Environmental, reviewed by
Military, Scientific, and Technological, reviewed by
The United States, reviewed by
Western Europe, reviewed by
Western Hemisphere, reviewed by
Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Republics, reviewed by
Middle East, reviewed by
Asia and Pacific, reviewed by
Africa, reviewed by
The majority of the book reviews featured in the "Recent Books" section are reviewed by the same person, however, other reviewers contribute to the "Recent Books" section on occasion.
: 2010–present
Kennan, George F. (July 1947). . Foreign Affairs 2016.
Huntington, Samuel P. (Summer 1993). . Foreign Affairs 2016.
. Foreign Affairs 2016.
"Journals Ranked by Impact: International Relations". 2014 .
(Social Sciences ed.). . 2015.
Bundy, William (1994).
Mark Mazower, 2013, "Governing the world: The history of an idea", Penguin Books, London, page 165.
(April 1925). . Foreign Affairs 2016.
Schoultz, Lars (1998). Beneath the United States: A History of U.S. Policy toward Latin America. London: . pp. 341–342.  .
. Foreign Affairs. .
Huntington, Samuel P. (). . Foreign Affairs.
Huntington, Samuel P. (). . Foreign Affairs.
Duke, Lynne (February 27, 2005). .
. Foreign Affairs 2016.
Major English-language current affairs and culture magazines
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