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四级公开课2010年考研英语完形填空历年真题解析
10:07:28&&&来源：&&&评论： 点击：
In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of
experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthome Plant near Chicago.
2010年考研英语完形填空历年真题解析
&&&& In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of
&experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthome Plant near Chicago. It hoped they
would leam how shop floorlighting&&& l&&& workers' productivity. Instead, the studies ended&& 2
l:iving their name to the& &Hawthorne effect&, the extremelyinfluentialidea that the very&& 3&& 0f
&being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.
&&&&&&& Theidea arose because ofthe&& 4&& behavior ofthe womenin the plant.According to二5&& 0f
the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was
dimmed. It did not& 6& what was do&& 7& something was changed,
productivityrose.A(n)&& 8&& that they were being experimented upon seemed to be&& 9&& to alter
workers'behavior 10 itself.
&&&&& After several decades, the same data were&& 11&& to econometric analysis. The Hawthome
experiments had another surprise in store.&&& 12&&& the descriptions on record, no systematic&&& 13
&was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.
&&& It tums out that particular way of conducting the experiments may have led t0& 14
interpretation of what happened.&& 15&& , lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work
started again on Monday, output&& 16&& rose compared with the previous Saturday and&& 17&& to
rise for the next couple of days.&& 18&& a comparison with data for weeks when there was no
experimentation showed that output always went up on Mondays. Workers&&& 19&& to be diligent for
the first few days of the week in any case, before&& 20&& a plateau and then slackening off. This
suggests that the alleged &Hawthorne effect& is hard to pin down.
&&&&& 1.& A) affected&&&&&&&&&&& B) achieved&&&&&&&&&&&& C) extracted&&&&&&&&&&& D) restored
& 2. A)at&&&&&&&& B)up&&&&&&&& C)with&&&&&&& D)off
& 3. A)truth&&&&&& B)sight&&&&&&& C)act&&&&&&&& D)proof
&&&&& 4.& A) controversial&&&&& B) perple)dng&&&&&&&&&& C) mischievous&&&&&&& D) ambiguous
&&&&& 5.& A) requirements&&&&& B) explanations&&&&&&& C) accounts&&&&&&&&&&&& D) assessments
& 6. A)conclude&&&& B)matter&&&&&& C)indicate&&&&& D)work
&&&&&&&& .7.&& A) as far as&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B) for fear that&&&&&&&&&&&&& C) in case that&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D) so long as
&&&&&&& 8.& A) awareness&&&&&&&&&& B) expectation&&&&&&&&&&& C) sentiment&&&&&&&&&&&&& D) illusion
&&&&& 9.& A) suitable&&&&&&&&&&& B) excessive&&&&&&&&&&& C) enough&&&&&&&&&&&&& D) abundant
& lO.A)about&&&& B)for&&&&&&& C)on&&&&&&& D)by
&&&&&&&&& 11. A) compared&&&&&&&&&&&&& B) shown&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C) subjected&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D) conveyed
&&&&&&&&& 12. A) Contrary to&&&&&&&&&&& B) Consistent with&&&&&& C) Parallel with&&&&&&&&&&& D) Peculiar to
&&&&&&&& 13. A) evidence&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B) guidance&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C) implication&&&&&&&&&&&& D) source
&&& 14. A) disputable&&& B) enlightening&&& C)reliable&&& D)misleading
&&& 15. A) In contrast&&& B) For example&&& C) In consequence& D) As usual
&&& 16. A) duly&&& B) accidentally&&& C) unpredictably&&& D) suddenly
&&& 17. A) failed&&& B)ceased&&& C)started&&& D)continued
&&& 18. A) Therefore&&& B) Furthermore&&& C) However&&& D) Meanwhile
&&& 19. A) attempted&&& B) tended&&& C) chose&&& D) intended
&&& 20. A) breaking&&& B) climbing&&& C) surpassing&&& D)hitting
评价和提示
&&& 2010年的完形填空难度上整体低于2008年和2009年。考题的文章选自于Economist杂志，
主题讲述的是社会学和管理学中著名的&霍桑效应&。总结近几年的完形真题，发现选项词汇重复
考查的概率比较大。比如本年考题中的第19题的B）tended与2009年完形真题的第2题的选项
答案，本年考题中的第11题的C）subjected与2008年完形真题的第19题的选项答案均为重复考
查。这就更加说明了考生对历年真题多下工夫的必要性。本书收录的从1994年到2010年的17年
真题的选项词汇就有1080个（其中包含少量重复词汇），这些历年真题中出现过的词汇也是考生应
该重点复习的。同时本年完形真题中考查&词汇固定搭配&的数量增加了，共有5个，这都是考
查难度下降的标志，因为词汇的固定搭配是考生事先就可以准备的，而英语中常用的词汇固定
搭配数量有限（本书后面就有附录），这些考点基本上都在事先可准备的范围内。
文章主题及结构分析
&&& 本文的首段是主题段落，即通过本段落说明整篇文章的主题：
&&& In 1924 America's National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of
experiments at a telephone-parts factory called the Hawthome Plant near Chicago.It hoped they
&would leam how shop floor lighting&L workers&productivity. Instead.the studies ended&星一
giving their name to the&Hawthome effect&，the extremely influential idea that the very _3一of
&being experimented upon changed subjects' behavior.
&&& 通过阅读本段落，考生首先可以明白本文主题是有关&experiments（实验）?，而实验的内容
是有关&shop floor lighting（车间灯光）&与&workers' productivity（工人的生产效率）&。之后考
生要抓一个标志词&Instead&，因为这个标志词意为&相反地&，是一种转折含义。此时根据这个
标志词考生可以判定其后的信息说明了本文的主题：&being experimented upon changes subjects'
behavior.（工人感觉被实验改变了其行为）。
&&& 一般而言，完形文章的首段落中如果出现了表示转折或让步关系的标志词，标志词后面的信
息即是文章的主题句。
1．A本题考&查动词。首先确定动词的主语已知线索为&shop floor lighting(灯光)&，宾语线索为
&&& &workers' productivity（工人的生产效率）&；之前我们已经掌握了主题词&experiments
&&& （实验）&，即这是一个实验。这些线索已经足以让我们判断出本题的动词所要表达的意思应
&&& 这两个句子是对称的，我们只要定位出&changed&这个词，判断四个选项中哪个与
&&& &changed&最为类似，就可以选出正确答案A) affected。
2．B本题考查词汇的固定搭配，此固定词组是&end up doing（以&&告终，结果是&&j最终
&&& 发展成为&&）&，即这些研究最终命名为&霍桑效应&。此处的动词end与其他三个选项
&&& 均不能构成搭配连接doing，因此答案为选项B）up。
3．C本题考查名词。根据本填空所在句子的已知信息&that the very』L ofbeing experiment-
&&& ed upon changed subjects' behavior.&我们要选择一个名词作主语，即说明是&什么&改变
&&& 了工人的行为。选项A）truth(真理、真相)，B）sight(视觉)和D）proof(证据)均没有选项
&&& C) act（行为）合适，即&工人被实验&的这一行为本身就改变了工人的行为。
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延伸阅读：推荐这篇日记的豆列
······初中英语完形填空和阅读理解30篇(1～3)
14:54:44 　来源：广州智康1对1
Many students in China are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers(十几岁的青少年). Many are adults. Some learn at school, others study by themselves. A few learn English language (语言)over the radio, on television, or in films. One must work hard to learn another language.Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer that question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects. They study their own language and maths and English ... Some people learn English because it is useful for their work. Many people often learn English for their higher sutdies, because at college or university(大学) some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspaper and magazines in English.
(&&&&& )21. Many students in China are learning English, aren't they? ____.
A. No, they aren't&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. No, they are
C. Yes, they are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. Yes, they aren't
(&&&&& )22. If one wants to learn another language well, he must ____.
A. learn at school&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. study by himself
C. work hard&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. study hard
(&&&&& )23. The sentence &It is difficult to answer that question& means ____.
A. that question is not difficult to answer&&&&&&&&&&&&
B. that question is difficult to answer it
C. it is difficultly to answer that question&&&&&&&&&&&&
D. it is hard to answer that question
(&&&&& )24. &Their own language& means ____.
A. Chinese&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. English&&&&&&&&& C. French&&&&&&&&&&&& D. Japanese
(&&&&& )25. What's the Chinese of &study by themselves&?
A. 和他们一起学习&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. 自学
C. 向他们学习&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. 通过学习
Once upon a time, there lived a rich man. He had a servant (仆人). He and the servant loved wine and good food very much. Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house. The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that.
One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, &Here are two bottles of poison (毒药) and some nice food in the house. You must take of them.& With these words, he went out.
But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue. After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal. Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground. When the rich man came back, he couldn&t find his food and his wine. He became very angry. He woke the servant up. But the servant told his story very well. He said a cat had eaten up everything. He was afraid to be punished（惩罚）, so he drank the poison to kill himself.
(&&&&& )26.In the story, _______ liked wine and good food very much.
A. the rich man 　　B. the servant 　　C. both A and B 　　D. neither A and B
(&&&&& )27.The rich man knew that it was _______ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food.
A. the cat 　　　　B. himself 　　　&&&&&& C. nobody 　　　　D. the servant
(&&&&& )28.The rich told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________.
A. there was in fact poison in the bottles
B. did not want the servant to drink his wine
C. he wanted to kill the cat
D. he wanted to kill the servant
(&&&&& )29.In fact, _______ ate all the nice food and drank the wine.
A. the servant 　　&&&&&&&&&& B. cat 　　&&&&&&&&& C. the rich man 　&&&&& D. nobody
( &&& &)30.From the story, we know that the servant is very _______.
A. lazy 　　&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. bad 　　&&&&&&&& C. clever 　　&&&&&&&&&&& D. kind
Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortant environment. If the envionment(环境) are bad, it will affect（影响）our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don&t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the envrionment is very important to us.
It&s germs that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere, They are very small and you can&t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust（灰尘）. If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere.
To keep us healthy, we should try to our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together.
31.The writer tell us that________.
A. we like working when we are ill&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&
B. germs can&t live in the water.
C. we can&t feel ill if the environment is bad.& &&&&
D. we feel well when the environment is good.
32.Germs are________.
A. very small things that you can&t see with your eyes.
B. the things that don&t effect people.&&&&&&
C. the things that you can find with your eyes.
D. the things that are very big.
33. Where can germs be found? They can be found_________.
A. on the small thing &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. in air and dust
C. only in dirty water&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& D. everywhere
34.How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut?
A. I will feel nothing.&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&& B. I won&t mind.
C. I will feel tense.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&& D. I will feel painful.
35. From the passage we know that________.
A. environment doesn&t affect our life&&&&
B. we don&t need to improve our environment
C. germs may make us ill &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D. if the environment is better, germs will be more.
参考答案： A篇CCDAB&&& & & & && B篇CDBAC & & & & & & C篇DADDC
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