英语翻译翻译就够了,不要用赏析来回我!
英语翻译翻译就够了,不要用赏析来回我!
一 由古至今,文人雅士以「月」为题的诗文不胜枚举,从《古今图书集成》所搜罗的作品,即可见一般.谢庄有五子,他替他们取了甚为风雅的名字,分别是颺、朏、颢、从（上有山）、瀹（上有艸）1,有风,有月,有山,有水,可见谢氏是个性情中人,甚为风雅,且对「月」定有一份难以名状的好感,故也以「月」为题,创作了〈月赋〉.纵然在当时,人们对〈月赋〉的评价已十分不一致,如,宋孝武帝为之「称叹良久」,认为是「前不见古人,后不见来者」的佳作；颜延之则说：「美则美矣,但庄始知『隔千里兮共明月』.」2后人更拿它来和宋玉的〈风赋〉、谢惠连的〈雪赋〉做比较3,看法仍是纷歧的,不过,就以「月」为题的文学作品来看,谢庄的〈月赋〉仍是其中的翘楚,否则,像《艺文类聚》、《太平御览》等类书,就不会相当一致地都搜录了这篇文章.本文拟就〈月赋〉的主题——「月」,来看谢庄如何表现此一「物色」?兹录原文於下,以便於讨论说明. 陈王初丧应、刘,端忧多暇.绿苔生阁,芳尘凝榭,悄焉疚怀,不怡中夜.乃清兰路,肃桂苑,腾吹寒山,弭盖秋阪,临浚壑而怨遥,登崇岫而伤远.于时斜汉左界,北陆南躔,白露暧空,素月流天,沈吟齐章,殷勤陈篇.抽毫进牍,以命仲宣. ……………………………………… 参（唐）李延寿撰：《南史》（台北：鼎文书局,影印新校本）,卷二十,〈谢弘微传〉,页五五七. 此是宋孝武帝与颜延之的对答,孟棨《本事诗．嘲戏》和李调元《赋话．旧话》二书中皆有记载.详参丁福保辑：《历代诗话续编》（台北：木铎出版社,民国七二年九月,初版）,页二十；（清）李调元撰：《赋话》（台北：世界书局,民国五十年十月,初版,《中国学术名著．文学名著第四集》）,卷一〈旧话〉二,页七十. 如,唐庚云：「《文选》三赋,〈月〉不如〈雪〉,〈雪〉不如〈风〉.」见（宋）唐庚述、强幼安记：《唐子西录》.（参（清）何文焕辑：《历代诗话》,台北：木铎出版社,民国七一年二月,初版,页四四五.） 仲宣跪而称曰：「臣东鄙幽介,长自丘樊,昧道懵学,孤奉明恩.臣闻沈潜既义,高明既经,日以阳德,月以阴灵.擅扶光於东沼,嗣若英於西冥,引玄兔於帝台,集素娥於后庭.朒朓警阙,朏魄示冲,顺辰通烛,从星泽风.增华台室,扬采轩宫,委照而吴业昌,沦精而汉道融. 若夫气霁地表,云敛天末,洞庭始波,木叶微脱,菊散芳於山椒,雁流哀於江濑,升清质之悠悠,降澄辉之蔼蔼,列宿掩缛,长河韬映,柔只雪凝,圆灵水镜,连观霜缟,周除冰净.君王乃厌晨欢,乐宵宴,收妙舞,弛清县,去烛房,即月殿,芳酒登,鸣琴荐. 若乃凉夜自凄,风篁成韵,亲懿莫从,羁孤递进.聆皋禽之夕闻,听朔管之秋引,於是弦桐练响,音容选和,徘徊房露,惆怅阳阿.声林虚籁,沦池灭波.情纡轸其何托?愬皓月而长歌. 歌曰：『美人迈兮音尘阙,隔千里兮共明月,临风叹兮将焉歇?川路长兮不可越.』歌响未终,余景就毕,满堂变容,回遑如失,又称歌曰：『月既没兮露欲晞,岁方晏兮无与归,佳期可以还,微霜霑人衣.』.」 陈王曰：「善.」乃命执事,献寿羞璧.敬佩玉音,复之无斁. 二 我们可以发现谢庄的行文并不直接切入主题——「月」,而是拿曹植和王粲来替自己说话,先是以「陈王初丧应、刘,端忧多暇」做为起笔,之后,陈王「抽毫进牍,以命仲宣」,让主角转到王粲身上,文章由此处宕开,最后,再以陈王连连称「善」做结.以这样的虚构来从事文学创作,谢庄并非头一位,这种以构拟的人物进行对话的行文方式,早已成了「赋」文学的一特徵. 而谢庄仅仅是踵继前人的作法,却引来不少的批评,认为〈月赋〉既然借历史人物来创作,但也该考虑到是否合乎史实?如,王粲死於建安二十二年春,徐干、陈琳、应瑒、刘桢也都卒於这一年,而到了魏明帝太和六年曹植才被封为陈王,谢庄却称曹植为「陈王」4；又有说既已假托王粲之口来抒发情感,就不应该写入孙坚夫人梦月入怀而生孙策的传说事件5.这样听起来似乎言之成理,但,对於一篇非史非传的文学作品而言,我们理当以较感性的眼光来看待它,不应如此苛责,因为他并不损害文章的美感. 上为顾炎武所引述,详参顾炎武撰、黄汝成集释：《日知录集释》（上册）（台北：世界书局,民国八十年五月,八版,杨家骆主编《中国思想名著》）,卷十九,〈假设之辞〉,页四六○. 指「委照而吴业昌」一句,见（清）何焯：《义门读书记》（京都：中文出版社,一九八二、十、出版,影印石香斋藏版）,「文选」卷一「赋」,叶十六. 由於〈月赋〉以「陈王初丧应、刘,端忧多暇」为开头,让谢庄笔下的「月」注定是以愁忧的形态出现.风月、山水本是无情的,因人而使它沾染了许多的情感,「月」亦是如此,它本身并没有喜怒哀乐,是谢希逸让它带著情感的色彩.而长年为病所苦的谢庄,自称已是「常如行尸」而「无意於人间」6,有这样子的情怀,心中那份说不尽的哀戚,当然也很容易渲染了所见到的「月」. 人也会随著外在景观的改变,而体悟自我,所谓「春秋代序,阴阳惨舒,物色之动,心亦摇焉」7,正是这个道理,而一年四季中,最容易让人有悲伤、凋零之感的,应是「萧瑟兮草木摇落而变衰」的秋天,在这样的季节里,「月」自然也会浸染惆怅与孤凄.所以,谢希逸也就以秋天的「月」做为〈月赋〉描写的主题对象. 三 「月」既然是全文描写的主题对象,而谢庄在四百四十三个字中,直接点出「月」字的,虽然仅有六次,但是每一次都是那麼恰到好处. 曹子建因刚遭受知己亡故之痛,忧闷不乐,已久未出游,夜半时分愁绪又起,遂外出解闷.遥望著天空,见到「白露暧空,素月流天」,心中不胜感慨,低声吟诵起《诗》句来,仍觉不足以消愁解闷,於是要王仲宣为此情此景写一篇文章.原本愁思是闷在曹植的内心里,因为偶然之间见到「月」,那份内在的情绪也就有了一个可供寄托的外在具象——「月」,让无情的「月」和有情的人彼此接轨在一起,展开了对「月」的描写. 王粲在陈王受意之下,先是一番的谦虚,述说自己的不才,幸蒙陈王的恩宠,不敢有负此恩,只好姑且一试,接著就说道：「日以阳德,月以阴灵.」以类此「日」、 ………………………………………………… 参（梁）沈约撰：《宋书》（台北：鼎文书局,影印新校本）,卷八十五,〈谢庄传〉,页二一七一. 见（梁）刘勰著、王更生注译：《文心雕龙读本》（台北：文史哲出版社,民国八十年九月,初版四刷）,卷十〈物色〉,页三○一. 「月」的对比,及其延伸出的「阳」、「阴」观念做为开头,引领出种种附著人的价值观的「月」和「月」的神话传话,可以说是铺陈、说理的成分多,而写景、抒情的成分甚少,「朒朓警阙,朏魄示冲」,将「月」相的变化说成了是在警示人君的作为须合德,须谦冲；「委照而吴业昌,沦精而汉道融」,更引用了梦「月」入怀的神秘传说,让「月」与朝代、家国的兴衰产生了一定的系连,凡此种种,想必是汉赋「铺采摛文」和「劝百讽一」的遗型. 写完了「月」的种种典故,谢庄又继续借王粲之口,连写了十四句优美异常的文字,虽没直接点明就是在写「月」,但句句扣紧「月」：先是以六个句子来描写天上的云气、地上的湖光山色的种种,为月的升起营造出不凡的气象；等到月由东方缓缓升起,也仅以「升清质之悠悠,降澄辉之蔼蔼」如此不著痕迹的笔法写出；接著,又是以六个句子来形容月色本身和月色底下的景况.正由於月色是如此的俊美,君王也因而喜爱此月,罢去所有的歌舞,也就「去烛房,即月殿」,此时才明言「月」字,做为前文的说明,也为后文预留了线索. 走向「月」殿,带来了羁旅的几许孤寂,感受到至亲好友不在的凄楚,王粲的「月」也从没有直接感情的柔美,转为诱发感慨的凄美.此时,不管是天籁,还是乐音,听来一切都是那麼凄苦异常,更反过来使人有一种无限的郁结萦绕於胸,最后发现唯有「愬皓月而长歌」,才能消解种种的不乐.因「月」引发愁绪,也唯对「月」长歌才能消除愁绪,表示只能与「月」对话,这就更显出羁旅的孤独与悲哀. 对「月」长歌什麼呢?「美人迈兮音尘阙,隔千里兮共明月,临风叹兮将焉歇?川路长兮不可越.」望著「月」,一时间感到虽与美人相隔甚远而无法相见,但那共有的明「月」可以传递彼此的信息,也算稍稍慰藉相思之苦,回过神来,发现距离终究是无法超越的.这种因「月」而引发对家乡、对情人的相思,可说是千古不变的母题.由於唱得深情款款,听者也听得入神,却霎然而止,听者恍然若失,於是又歌一曲：「月既没兮露欲晞,岁方晏兮无与归,佳期可以还,微霜霑人衣.」「月」将西没,是岁也将终了,要人趁时光尚好时回去,正与「升清质之悠悠,降澄辉之蔼蔼」的「月」升起的情形相呼应,做为完美的结束. 最后,陈王的连连称「善」,不但给予王粲一个回应,也算回应了文前的「陈王初丧应、刘」,总结了全文. 四 据史书的记载,与谢庄同时的袁淑,看过谢庄所作的〈赤鹦鹉赋〉之后,曾感叹道：「江东无我,卿当独秀.我若无卿,亦一时之杰也.」8李调元称此赋「属对工整」,且认为是「律赋先声」9.而与〈赤鹦鹉赋〉同一时期所作的〈月赋〉,亦运用了许多整饬的对偶,有三字句、四字句、五字句、六字句等对,甚至有骈四俪六的句式.以最为人所称道的「若夫气霁地表」至「周除冰净」一段为例： 「气霁地表」对「云敛天末」 「洞庭始波」对「木叶微脱」 「菊散芳於山椒」对「雁流哀於江濑」 「升清质之悠悠」对「降澄辉之蔼蔼」 「列宿掩缛」对「长河韬映」 「柔只雪凝」对「圆灵水镜」 「连观霜缟」对「周除冰净」 十六句中两两对偶,有五组四字句对,二组六字句对,而且前八句更是「四、四；四、四；六、六；六、六」的骈四俪六的句式；且「末」、「脱」二字同一韵,「濑」、「蔼」二字又一韵,「映」、「镜」、「净」三字也同韵?,知其亦开始讲求押韵. 总之,〈月赋〉除了情感的表达甚为成功,结构上亦是自为完整的一体,句子的对偶、押韵,也充分展现了「五色相宣、八音协畅」的时代特色. 参（梁）沈约撰：《宋书》（台北：鼎文书局,影印新校本）,卷八十五,〈谢庄传〉,页二十六七~二一六八. 清）李调元撰：《赋话》（台北：世界书局,民国五十年十月,初版,《中国学术名著．文学名著第四集》）,卷一〈新话一〉,页二. 据《南史》的记载,〈赤鹦鹉赋〉作於宋文帝元嘉二十九年,而〈月赋〉在宋孝武帝时,帝已与颜延之谈论其优劣,事在孝建元年,由此可知,二文成作的年代甚近.详见（唐）李延寿撰：《南史》（台北：鼎文书局,影印新校本）,卷二十,〈谢弘微传〉,页五五三~五五四. 以上判定是否同韵,系根据《广韵》而来.参（宋）陈彭年等重修、林尹校订：《新校正切宋本广韵》（台北：黎明文化事业公司,民国八十二年九月,初版十四刷）.
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Last Saturday, I went to my friend Lily's birthday party.
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这么简单的东西，要靠自己啊！
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我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。没有你，我也可以一样骄傲的活。怎么翻译？要翻译成英语，翻译好了加分_百度知道
没有你，我也可以一样骄傲的活。怎么翻译？要翻译成英语，翻译好了加分
Without you ,I can live proudly as well.这算是比较简便的翻译吧；每个人都有义务让自己开心；
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（Even） without you，I can lead my life proudly as well.希望能帮到你，祝你开心，进步^_^有问题再给我留言
Without you, I can also live as pride.
Without you, I can also live as pride.
需要用虚拟语气。Without you,I would be able to be pride as well.as well 一样________________________
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上面都不行，看我的：Without you, I can still live in pride.
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我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。将来时态的英语作文只要将来时态就可以了，还要翻译，100词，
将来时态的英语作文只要将来时态就可以了，还要翻译，100词，
A Visit to Beijing ZooLast Sunday morning,my friend and I went to visit the Beijing Zoo.We went by bike.It took us about half an hour to get there.When we got there,it was already crowdedwith people.There were a lot of foreign visitors,too.It is said that the Beijing Zoois the largest in Asia and one of the largest in the world.There are hundreds ofdifferent kinds of animals.It world take a whole day to see all the animals there.Sowe decided to see some of the most interesting ones.We saw the elephants first and thenthe monkeys.Finally we went to see our favourite "friends"--the giant pandas.We were delighted to see them waving to us.We really had a wonderful time in the zoo.参观北京动物园上星期天早上,我和朋友去参观北京动物园.我们去骑自行车.我们花了大约半小时到那里.当我们到达那里时,已经挤与人.有外国游客也多.据介绍,北京动物园是亚洲最大和世界上最大的之一.有数百个不同种类的动物.这世界需要一整天的时间看到所有的动物.因此,我们决定看最有趣的部分.我们看到了大象,然后再猴子.最后,我们去看看我们最喜欢的“朋友“ -大熊猫.我们很高兴看到他们向我们招手.我们在动物园里玩得很开心.
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I got up at 7 o 'clock in the morning, after washing gargle eats breakfast, 8 a.m., went to school to study. I like English lessons, learning English for me is kind of fun and later want to engage in English. My English teacher is a patient teacher, so I learned many valuable knowledge. Night written some homework, 9 to go to sleep. This is one of my day, although lead isn't very strain of a day, but I have it enrich is very happy. 我早上7点起床,洗漱完后吃早饭,早上8点去学校学习.我最喜欢上英语课,学习英语对我来说是种乐趣并且以后很想从事英语方面的工作. 我的英语老师是个很有耐心的老师,所以我学到了很多宝贵的知识.晚上写点作业,9点去睡觉. 这就是我的一天,虽然过的不是很紧张的一天,但我过的很充实很愉快.
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