William James | Pursuit of Happiness | Happiness is understandable, obtainable, and teachable
William James
William James () was a leading philosopher and psychologist at the turn of the 19th Century. Together with Charles Sanders Peirce, James founded the philosophical school of pragmatism, which holds that the meaning of an idea is to be sought in its practical effects, that the function of thought is to guide action, and that truth is to be tested by the practical consequences of belief. While this philosophy waned for most of the 20th Century, supplanted by linguistic philosophy, it is currently enjoying a renaissance, and many contemporary philosophers are returning to James as the main inspiration for new theories of perception, meaning, and belief. James has many insights concerning happiness, chief among them the idea that happiness consists in orienting yourself to a higher purpose, even if that purpose cannot be rationally proved to exist. Those who suffer from a “crisis of meaning” emerge stronger with more enthusiasm for life than those who just go through the motions and take the easy path.
A Little Background
Born in New York in 1842, William James was the oldest of the five children of Henry James Sr., a theologian, and the brother of Henry James, the novelist. The family lived in Europe for five years and returned to the USA, eventually settling in Cambridge, Massachusetts, where James remained for the rest of his life. Unusual for a philosopher, he was happily married and had five children.
James began his career as an art student but soon became interested in science. He entered Harvard Medical School in 1863 and graduated with a doctor of medicine (MD) after six years. His education was interrupted by bouts of illness and depression, which he was able to overcome only by what has been described as a “Promethean act of will.” James was appointed instructor in anatomy and physiology at Harvard, subsequently becoming assistant professor of philosophy, and eventually full professor of philosophy and psychology.
His first major work was Principles of Psychology (1890), which sums up the state of psychology then, and points forward in two directions, to an objective laboratory psychology, and to a phenomenological study of the stream of consciousness. He also discusses the concept of free will, which plays a crucial role in his theory of happiness.
Together with Charles Sanders Peirce, who first coined the term, James founded the philosophical school of pragmatism, which holds that the meaning of an idea is to be sought in its practical effects, that the function of thought is to guide action, and that truth is to be tested by the practical consequences of belief. While this philosophy waned for most of the 20th Century, supplanted by linguistic philosophy, it is currently enjoying a renaissance, and many contemporary philosophers are returning to James as the main inspiration for new theories of perception, meaning, and belief.
The Freedom to Choose
For almost three years after receiving his MD, James lived in his family home battling ill health and depression. He would later describe this depression as a “crisis of meaning” brought on by his studies in science. These left him feeling that there was no ultimate meaning in life, and that his belief in freewill and God were illusions. James suffered panic attacks and hallucinations just like his father before him, which caused him to believe that his illness was rooted in a biological determinism he could not overcome. One day in April of 1870, after reading an essay by Charles Renouvier, his psychological fever began to subside. He had come to believe that freewill was not an illusion and that his own will could alter his psychological state. As he writes in his journal from that time:
I think that yesterday was a crisis in my life. I finished the first part of Renouvier's second Essais and see no reason why his definition of free will — 'the sustaining of a thought because I choose to when I might have other thoughts' — need be the definition of an illusion. At any rate, I will assume for the present — until next year — that it is no illusion. My first act of free will shall be to believe in free will." (Barton p.323)
As we shall see, this is one of the chief kernels of his theory of happiness—the idea that happiness depends on a choice that we are able to make, regardless of our biological and social circumstances.
James was able to confirm this insight in his later psychological investigations. In his chapter on the will in Principles of Psychology (1890), James argues that voluntary movements are secondary, not primary functions of our organism. In order for me to perform some movement, I must already have a memory of that movement in my mind. This memory arises through the primary, involuntary performances of my organism, such as reflex, instincts, and emotions.
Consider, for example, a newborn infant. The infant is spanked and its instinctive response is to cry. This is a reflex that is beyond the control of the infant, and has not been learned from anyone else. The baby will continue to have involuntary experiences of crying until it develops a memory of crying. Only when this point is reached is the child capable of choosing to cry. Recall the many times you have seen young children crying, pausing from time to time to look around to see what effect their crying is having on bystanders and then starting up again. It is evident that they have learned the involuntary experience of crying instinctively, and now can exercise the ability to cry at will based on that prior involuntary experience.
James concludes that the first time we experience a primary movement we are spectators, as surprised by our behavior as anyone. But once such a movement is in our memory, we can learn to select it at will. Freedom of the will does indeed exist, then, but not as the freed rather, it is the freedom to attend to and act on one of a number of ideas that have come to us in a way that is beyond our conscious control.
The implications for happiness are clear: while the contents of our consciousness are simply “there” independently of our will, we have the freedom to select which bits of information to focus on, and which bits to reject. A person thus has the ability to direct the flow of the stream of consciousness. Those people who develop this ability are able to exercise more control over their minds, resulting in a deeper sense of empowerment.
Happiness is Created, not Discovered
One difficulty in explaining James’ view of happiness is that he seldom uses the word “happiness,” and when he does he often views it disparagingly, as though it is detrimental to leading an authentic life where the “deepest truths” of one’s existence are revealed. Part of this may be simply an awareness of Bishop Butler’s paradox– that the attempt to be happy is one of the chief sources of unhappiness. Nevertheless, if we identify happiness with “meaningful, fulfilled life” as defined by recent writers on happiness such as Seligman and Csikszentmihalyi, I think we can extract a deep and compelling theory from James’ writings.
According to James, happiness is created as a result of our being active participants in the game of life. Instead of brooding on the suffering and evils of existence, we are to readjust our attitudes and act as if life does have an ultimate meaning, even though this can never be proved by the rational mind. As James writes, “Believe that life is worth living, and your very belief will help create the fact.” (Pragmatism and Other Writings, p. 240)
James comes to this conclusion after much reflection on the perennial question “Is Life worth Living?” Some people seem naturally happy and do not need to consciously choose to be happy. But more and more, James suggests, people are losing faith in a meaningful universe and as a result, there is a deep sense of malaise affecting modern society. Partly this is due to the rise of modern science and a decline of faith in traditional religion such as Christianity. Science appears to present to us a world of meaningless actions and react and the theory of evolution in particular represents Nature as a war of all struggling against all to survive. It is increasingly difficult to believe in a benevolent Creator overseeing all of this madness.
As a result, it is easy to adopt a pessimistic attitude which in turn fuels depression, anxiety, and other negative states of mind. James writes that pessimism is at root a religious disease, stemming from a “contradiction between phenomena of nature and the craving of the heart to believe that behind nature there is a spirit whose expression nature is.” There are two main strategies to resolve this contradiction and thereby overcome the pessimism. One way is to simply accept the scientific view of the world and actively rebel against the idea of God as Creator or the notion of a spirit behind nature. This move anticipates Camus-style existentialism, where one finds meaning in the heroic and honest affirmation of the inherent absurdity of life.
The other strategy is to resolutely affirm “the existence of an unseen order of some kind in which the riddles of the natural order are explained.” Here, we either have a blind faith in traditional religious answers, or we presume some future state whereby this “unseen world” will be discovered and verified by science. Today we might say that these answers are represented by either fundamentalists who dogmatically assert the ultimate truth of their religious beliefs irrespective of evidence, or New Age thinkers who dogmatically assert that science and religion will ultimately be reconciled at some distant time in the future.
James rejects both these ways of overcoming pessimism. James rejects both belief in the world of the scientist and the "invisible world" invoked by our religious demands as somehow ultimate. Rather he suggests that we trust the idea that "a still wider world may be there" as a "maybe", "a mere sign or vision" and then act as if the invisible world thereby suggested was real, enabling us to live in the light of our religious demands. Our very risk of acting “as if” there is an ultimate meaning to life will produce a certainty in our hearts that is denied by the rational mind. Once the horizon of one’s life points to something beyond it, one is opened to the possibility of achieving very high states of consciousness that are denied to those who hesitate to act.
James’ view is well expressed by Bruce Springsteen’s popular song, “Reason to Believe.” There is no reason to believe that life has a meaning, but the happiest people are those who go on believing anyway, hoping for a better future. James would add however that it is not mere fantasizing about the future that p it is acting based on this fantasy. At the end of his article “Will to Believe,” James quotes Fitz James-Stephens in support of this idea:
We stand on a mountain pass in the midst of whirling snow and blinding mist, through which we get glimpses now and then of paths which may be deceptive. If we stand still we shall be frozen to death. If we take the wrong road we may be dashed to pieces. We do not certainly know whether there is any right one. What must we do? ‘Be strong, and of good courage.’ Act for the best, hope for the best, and take what comes. If death ends all, we cannot meet death better. (p. 218)
Once Born and Twice Born People
In his book The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902), James draws a contrast between two different kinds of people, the “Once Born” and the “Twice Born.” Once Born people are those who seem to be biologically predisposed to happiness: they have a childlike acceptance of life as it is, and they refuse to be bothered by the intense sufferings and evils in the world. James’ example of this is Walt Whitman, and he quotes R.M. Bucke’s description of him:
He never spoke deprecatingly of any nationality or class of men, or time in the world's history, or against any trades or occupations–not even against any animals, insects, or inanimate things, nor any of the laws of nature, nor any of the results of those laws, such as illness, deformity, and death. He never complained or grumbled either at the weather, pain, illness, or anything else. He never swore. He could not very well, since he never spoke in anger and apparently never was angry. He never exhibited fear, and I do not believe he ever felt it. (p. 84)
However, if you feel there is something inherently wrong with the universe, if you feel that something is terribly amiss with the way things are and must be rectified, then you are twice-born. These are the sick souls of the world, those with a demeanor of natural pessimism:
There are persons whose existence is little more than a series of zigzags, as now one tendency and now another gets the upper hand. Their spirit wars with their flesh, they wish for incompatibles, wayward impulses interrupt their most deliberate plans, and their lives are one long drama of repentance and of effort to repair misdemeanors and mistakes. (p.169)
Based on these definitions, one might think that Once Born people are happy while Twice Born people are unhappy, but in fact James argues that some of the happiest people are actually Twice Born. How is this possible? Well, the Twice Born attitude towards life often leads to a “crisis” expressed by a pathological depression, often accompanied by a strong desire to make sense of things. This positive desire is incompatible with the underlying negative emotional state, producing a contradiction which finds resolution in a transcendence of the negative state into a new, profound sense of the love of life. James could have taken his own “crisis of meaning” event as an example, but instead he discusses Leo Tolstoy. James explains that the Russian novelist's successful effort to restore himself to mental health led to more than a return to his original condition. The twice-born reach a new and higher plane:
The process is one of redemption, not of mere reversion to natural health, and the sufferer, when saved, is saved by what seems to him a second birth, a deeper kind of conscious being than he could enjoy before. (p.157)
This sense of being “born again” is characteristic of religious and mystical experiences, but it can be extended to any experience where there is a strong sense of renewal after a tragic event. This often happens as a result of a debilitating sickness or a near-death experience. As an example, consider many of the children with terminal cancer at the St. Jude Hospital for Children. Instead of being defeated by their illness, blaming God or the world, they exhibit a tremendous enthusiasm for life and an optimism that “all will be for the best.” The morale of the story is clear: challenges and tragedies can be seen not as obstacles to happiness, but rather as the means to achieve a deeper and more lasting happiness.
Conclusion
From what has been said, we can abstract four main ingredients for a happy life, according to James:
Happiness requires Choice: the world in itself is a neutral flux of “booming blooming confusion,” hence it is entirely up to us whether to view it as positive, negative, or as absent of all meaning.
Happiness requires Active Risk-taking: happiness is not produced merely by thinking or by resigning oneself to life’s circumstances, but rather by taking bold risks and acting on possibilities that come from the “heart’s center,” the Real Self within.
Happiness involves “As-if” thinking: while we cannot prove rationally that freewill exists or that life is meaningful, acting “as if” we are free or “as if” there is an ultimate meaning in life will through that very activity produce a free and meaningful life.
Happiness often comes after a Crisis of Meaning: throughout history, the happiest people often record going through a deep depression caused by a sense of the loss of meaning…these events should not be repudiated but welcomed since only through them is the “Twice-born” sense of renewal possible.
Bibliography
Ralph Barton Perry (1996). The Thought and Character of William James. Vanderbilt University Press.
Barzun, Jacques (2002). A Stroll with William James. Chicago: Chicago University Press
Hunt, Morton (2009). The Story of Psychology. New York: Knopf Doubleday
James, William (1890). Principles of Psychology. New York: Henry Holt.
James, William () The Varieties of Religious Experience. London: Penguin Books.
James, William (2000), ed. Giles Gunn. Pragmatism and OtherWritings. London: Penguin Books.
Pawelski, James (2007). The Dynamic Individualism of William James. The State University of New York Press.Who are we? Why are we here? Where are we going? Where do we come from in this universe? 
The universe has always fascinated the human race. For thousands of
years man has tried to find answers to these 4 questions: Who are we? Where do we come from? Why are we here? Where are we going?
looked to the sky and into the vast darkness of  space to seek the truth.
Through religion and science man has been on a quest to find answers.
Are we all connected and part of one universal mind in ?
What is the
all about?
How does , Law of cause and effect and other universal laws work?
Are we all ?
creating our outer world?
Is there an afterlife - ?
Do we all have ?
Is there such a thing as ?
What can near
What about the ? Has mind power and the way we think something to do with it all?
How come we are , and can dream interpretation help us understand who we are?
Are your thoughts
in this Universe?
Is there a God? ?
How do I, as a human being on this planet, fit into the universe with my BODY, MIND & SOUL?
As time goes by we are getting more enlightened, gaining new knowledge
and changing our frame of reference according to what we believe in.
Some people have found inner peace and answers to many of the big questions in life while others are still searching.
Once people thought the Earth was the centre of the
universe. Thanks to Copernicus and Galileo new knowledge saw the light of day and now we know it?s not. It?s a tiny part of The Milky Way galaxy which in turn is just one of billions of galaxies existing in the universe. 
As scientists uncover more and more of the secrets of this incredible 
we realize how tiny Earth is in the scheme of things. We still have a long way to go before
we can see the whole picture of this giant "puzzle". And maybe we never will.
We also see that religion and
science are closing in on each other. They are bridging. The spiritual world
and the physical world are not so far apart as we might think. They might actually be entangled and connected.
One with the energy around
In this powerful 20 minute video brain-scientist Jill Bolte Taylor shares with us .
One morning she was having a massive stroke and as it happened she
could feel that her brain functions slipped away one by one and at the
same time she was feeling and seeing all this energy around her. She
felt enormous and expansive and one with the energy around her. Her speech in this video is powerful. She says that our brain define us and
connect us to the world and to each another.
Quantum Physics
What is science saying about the universe and energy?
Quantum physics is showing that everything in the universe is
and electrical currents. Science is saying that electrons behave like waves in a sea of energy. This animated video explains this in more detail.
Researchers in the field of Quantum physics are talking about The Planck scale - named after Max Planck.The Planck scale corresponds to incredibly small distances (or equivalently, incredibly large energies).
According to Wikipedia "the nature of reality at the Planck
scale is the subject of much debate in the world of physics, as it
relates to a surprisingly broad range of topics. It may, in fact, be a
fundamental aspect of the universe. In terms of size, the Planck scale
is unimaginably small (many orders of magnitude smaller than a proton).
In terms of energy, it is unimaginably 'hot' and energetic. The Planck
scale domain a seething mass of virtual black holes? Is it a fabric of
unimaginably fine loops or a spin foam network?"
What does it mean?
The scientists in the movie What The Bleep Do We Know!? have been addressing this question and trying to explain what the Universe is made of. One of them is Stuart Hameroff.
Stuart Hameroff M.D. - Director of the Center for Consciousness Studies says: "It
means that empty space is not empty. There is something there. If we go
down the scale in the emptiness eventually we come to a level "the
fundamental level" of space - time geometry. Here we find information - a
pattern - "the Planck scale" which has been there since
Fred Alan Wolf, Ph.D was also featured in the movie and he says: "There is no empty space. When we go down
down - down - there is vibrations - stuff popping - invisible
connections - entanglement."
Another scientist from the movie, John Hagelin, Ph.D, says this: "It?s like a thought wave - invisible
state OR quantum wave function spread over space and time. Not a wave
of matter, but a wave in what? In a universal ocean - an ocean of pure
potentiality - a unified field - superstring field that of which we are all made of."
What once was thought to be empty space in the
- in between stars and planets - is in fact energy in small packets
called quarks and leptons surfing on an ocean of pure consciousness.
When we go down the scale from the DNA to the molecules to the atom to
the sub-atomic particles to the smallest particles we find energy "sitting on top" of the UNIFIED FIELD - an ocean of universal
consciousness.
Learn more by getting the
about energy, the universe, consciousness, the power of thought and how
they make ripples in the sea of energy we call the universe, the
formula for success and much more.
Charles F. Haanel wrote "The Master Key System" in 1912. This
is an exciting book about the universe, energy and the world within us
all -the power of our thoughts. In terms of energy Haanel says: "In
the atmosphere we find heat, light and energy. Each realm becomes finer
and more spiritual as we pass from the visible to the invisible, from
the coarse to the fine, from low potentiality to high potentiality. When
we reach the invisible we find energy in its purest and most volatile
Haanel wrote more than 100 years ago and he was right. We find
energy at incredible tiny scales and Quantum Physics is saying that
these energy packets -
like quarks and leptons - are "surfing" on an
ocean of pure potentiality - of pure consciousness - a universal
consciousness.
Nassim Haramein takes it even further. He says everything is connected through the protons in each atom.
Nassim Haramein was born in Geneva, Switzerland in 1962. He is
currently the Director of Research at the Hawaii Institute for Unified
Physics (HIUP).
As early as 9 years old, Nassim was already developing the basis for a
unified hyperdimensional theory of matter and energy, which he
eventually called the "Holofractographic Universe."
Nassim has spent most of his life researching the fundamental
geometry of hyperspace, studying a variety of fields from theoretical
physics, cosmology, quantum mechanics, biology and chemistry to
anthropology and ancient civilizations. Combining this knowledge with a
keen observation of the behavior of nature, he discovered a specific
geometric array that he found to be fundamental to creation, and the
foundation for his Unified Field Theory emerged.
In May 2013 Haramein authored a paper titled: Quantum Gravity and the Holographic Mass
It has been validated and published in the peer review journal:
Physical Review and Research International. This paper, based on a life
time of research, shows that everything in the universe is connected.
Haramein says:
"Within every proton, every subatomic particle in the nuclear of
atoms is all the energy, all the information of all other atoms in the
universe. So when we go within is when we actually connect with that
oneness, with that connectivity of all things."
Together with the film maker Malcom Carter he has created a movie called The Connected Universe and it shows, from a scientific viewpoint, how the entire universe is like a giant feedback loop.
Haramein is actually saying that ALL MATTER has infinity at its
center and the definition of an infinite density is a BLACK HOLE.
This means that every cell, every atom, every proton, and so on, is a mini black hole
According to Haramein black holes both contract and radiate. All
matter has a radiated side and a contracted side.
These two sides of
the same coin are connected by the event horizon or rim of the black
hole. There is an energy exchange, or a "feedback" loop between the
radiated and contracted sides.
Einstein said that gravity is the result of space-time curving.
Haramein is saying yes, it curves, but that?s not all it does. It also
curls - creating a spin.
Everything spins!
But what causes the spin?
Haramein shows that the infinite density at the center of everything
every atom, every particle, every planet, every galaxy
provides the necessary torque embedded in the space-time manifold to
keep everything spinning as it has for billions of years.
All matter is spun into creation in the form of a double torus shape
with a black hole or infinite density in the center, creating a feedback- loop with the infinite energy field.
When you have massive energy or information in a feedback-loop
with itself - you have the definition of consciousness - A Conscious  Energy Field.
Humans are made of the stuff that everything else is made of in the
universe. If we look at the human body and go down the scale we find
cell, molecules, atoms, sub-atomic particles and pure energy. The whole
universe is made up of energy - and at this level everything is
vibrating.
Hence, we are all made of this energy and the energy packets are "surfing
on this sea of universal consciousness". In other words,  
and living in a "thought universe". The intangible world affects the
tangible world we experience. The spiritual world affects the physical
In the great movie Phenomenon,  with John Travolta, there is an interesting scene where Travolta is talking about everything being energy and that . He is showing how he can influence matter when is making a pair of sunglasses levitate.
Quantum physics is saying that particles are entangled - connected and they are space separated and time separated. Since everything was entangled at
the moment of the
it means everything is still "touching". Space is just the construct that gives the illusion that there are separate objects.
Scientists in the field of Quantum Physics pursue their explorations on staggering small scales.
Scales so tiny we can't even begin to understand it. When they move
down from the cells to the molecules to the atoms and then to the
sub-atomic levels to the electrons and protons and then to the quarks,
bosons, leptons and so on...they find a force which appears to be
present even at a temperature of absolute zero when all forms of energy
vanish. Hence the name Zero Point Field.
This is the place where the instantaneous connections of
entanglement begin to make sense. Beneath the level of energy
itself exists a still more basic level. The field at this level is not
really "energy" anymore, nor is it empty space. Physicists describe it as a field of information. In other words, the "ocean" out of which energy arises appears to be a "sea" of pure consciousness.
What we perceive as matter in the physical world is made out of atoms and that atoms are made out of energy. And energy arises out of consciousness. So, when we talk about how everything is energy and how everything has its own vibrational frequency we are in truth talking about oscillation.Matter is not continuous, not solid. The appearance is achieved by points of energy oscillating from positive to negative at varying frequencies. Similar to pixels on a tv. Everything is created by a pulse from the infinite to the finite (manifested), the pulse that can't stop. Everything oscillates because oscillation is the mechanism that creates matter. Every 'thing', with consciousness being the root, is achieved via an oscillating pulse. It?s the cycle/pulse of creation as explained in detail in the book . We say everything "vibrates" because vibration relates to the physical world as it is movement. But the term oscillation better describes an ever shifting perspective.All is actually MIND, as .  And in an abstract mind all that ever "moves" is perspective. That is movement by definition, but it's not physical. The One Cosmic Mind is conscious and is shifting perspective all the time. That gives rise to the oscillation which gives matter (points of energy oscillating from positive to negative at varying frequencies).
Consciousness is what the universe is made of. Matter and energy are just two of the forms that consciousness can take.
In 1910 Wallace D. Wattles wrote the book
"The Science of Getting Rich" where he touches upon the idea that we
all are living in a "thought universe". In what he calls the First
Principle of Getting Rich he says: "There is a thinking stuff from which
all things are made, and which, in its original state, permeates, and
fills the interspaces of the universe."
Are we in fact living in a "thought universe" (universal
consciousness) where everything is entangled like it was at the spark of
the Big Bang?Are we droplets in this giant sea of energy?
If so, it might explain, from a scientific viewpoint, where we all came
from and how it started. From a spiritual viewpoint it might have
started way before the Big Bang. Maybe we come from an infinite
source, a higher intelligence beyond our grasp as human beings. BUT who
are we really, what are we doing here on this planet, do we have souls
that keep on living? If so, where are we going after this life?
In order to try and answer these questions man has looked into the
spiritual world as well as the world of science. Is there a higher
intelligence behind everything - behind all the creation in this
universe which can explain it all. Will we get all the answer once we
die or pass over?
All religions believe in a higher power - a higher intelligence and
it goes by many names - it can be referred to as "The One" or "The
Source", "The Absolute" or "The Great One" or "The Creator" or "The
Supreme Mind" or "The Force" or "The Supreme Good" or "The Father" or
"The Universal Mother" or "The Higher Intelligence" or "The All" or "The
Divine Operation" or God....
In his book The God Theory - Bernard Haisch, Ph.D. touches upon questions like:
Can you have faith in Einstein, Darwin and God?
Can you have spirituality without religion?
Is there a grand purpose for your life?
Furthermore he propose that:
"The special properties of our universe reflect an underlying
intelligence, one that is consistent with the Big Bang and Darwinian
evolution. Both views are equally logical and beyond proof. However
exceptional human experiences and accounts of mystics throughout the
ages do suggest that we live in a purposeful universe. In The God Theory
I speculate on what that purpose might be...what that purpose means for
our lives..."
Here is a short video-trailer from "The God Theory".
If we do live in a thought universe when did it all start? What was before the Big Bang?
This video series, called the "Unity of Spirit and Matter", is worth
watching. It might actually explain how everything started.
Creating From The Inside OutCrossroads: Labor Pains of a New Worldview is a documentary exploring
the depths of the current human condition and the emergence of a
worldview that is recreating our world from the inside out.
We are all connected
Carl Edward Sagan was an American
astronomer, astrophysicist, author
and cosmologist. During his lifetime, he published more than 600
scientific papers and popular articles and was author, co-author, or
editor of more than 20 books. He was also the presenter of the highly
popular thirteen-part television series: Cosmos: A Personal Voyage which was written by Carl Sagan, Ann Druyan, and Steven Soter.
This TV series was broadcasted in more than 60 countries and seen by
over 500 million people. Below is a great song with Carl Sagen and
elements from the TV series focusing on all of us being connected.
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