Spring mvc+hibernate框架筹建 - VC/MFC当前位置:& &&&Spring mvc+hibernate框架筹建Spring mvc+hibernate框架筹建&&网友分享于：&&浏览：145次Spring mvc+hibernate框架搭建
待续，待续，明天再来
编写文档时间：
1、spring下载地址：
Spring Framework 3.1.0.RELEASE is the current production release (requires Java 1.5+)
http://www.springsource.org/download/community
2、hibernate下载地址：
Hibernate ORM 4.1.2 Release
http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate4/4.1.2.Final/hibernate-release-4.1.2.Final.zip/download
3、tomcat7.0下载地址
http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi（根据不同的系统来选择不同包来下载）
我的是window7
64位系统，我选择了64-bit Windows zip (pgp, md5)，没有选择server，如果你用server版本也可以：），对于两者区别，自己下下玩玩就知道了。
4、mysql下载地址
/downloads/mysql/
我下载版本：mysql-5.5.24-winx64.msi
5、新建一个动态网页项目（我是使用eclipse javaee ide）
6、修改web.xml文件
我们知道tomcat解析web.xml并加载类的时候，他加载顺序是：listener-filter-servlet-other
第一步：我们把spring的bean的注册工作放在listener，优先启动（这里包括数据源模块的启动）
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="/xml/ns/javaee /xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"&
&display-name&spring-mvc&/display-name&
&!--配置欢迎界面
&welcome-file-list&
&welcome-file&index.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.jsp&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.jsp&/welcome-file&
&/welcome-file-list&
&!--配置listener --&
&!--在这里可以配置spring的监听器，启动的时候需要把spring中的bean都注册到spring容器中
&listener&
&listener-class&org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener&/listener-class&
&/listener&
&!--配置filter对编码进行转换
&!--配置servlet
&/web-app&
所以你首先需要到Spring Framework 3.1.0.RELEASE里面找到“org.springframework.web-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar”放到lib底下
第二步：添加编码转换，并拦截所有的url地址
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="/xml/ns/javaee /xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"&
&display-name&spring-mvc&/display-name&
&!--配置欢迎界面
&welcome-file-list&
&welcome-file&index.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.jsp&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.jsp&/welcome-file&
&/welcome-file-list&
&!--配置listener --&
&!--在这里可以配置spring的监听器，启动的时候需要把spring中的bean都注册到spring容器中
&listener&
&listener-class&org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener&/listener-class&
&/listener&
&!--配置filter对编码进行转换
&filter-class&org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter&/filter-class&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&init-param&
&param-name&encoding&/param-name&
&param-value&UTF-8&/param-value&
&/init-param&
&init-param&
&param-name&forceEncoding&/param-name&
&param-value&true&/param-value&&!-- 强制进行转码 --&
&/init-param&
&filter-mapping&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&url-pattern&/*&/url-pattern&
&/filter-mapping&
&!--配置servlet
&/web-app&
第三步：添加spring中C（控制器），来对url进行拦截，并转发给不同的control处理
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="/xml/ns/javaee /xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"&
&display-name&spring-mvc&/display-name&
&!--配置欢迎界面
&welcome-file-list&
&welcome-file&index.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.jsp&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.jsp&/welcome-file&
&/welcome-file-list&
&!--配置listener --&
&!--在这里可以配置spring的监听器，启动的时候需要把spring中的bean都注册到spring容器中
&listener&
&listener-class&org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener&/listener-class&
&/listener&
&!--配置filter对编码进行转换
&filter-class&org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter&/filter-class&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&init-param&
&param-name&encoding&/param-name&
&param-value&UTF-8&/param-value&
&/init-param&
&init-param&
&param-name&forceEncoding&/param-name&
&param-value&true&/param-value&&!-- 强制进行转码 --&
&/init-param&
&filter-mapping&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&url-pattern&/*&/url-pattern&
&/filter-mapping&
&!--配置servlet
&!--我们希望spring的控制器比其他servlet优先启动，所以你需要设置load-on-startup
这个东西：值越小越先启动（0-5），没有或者为负数的时候，servlet被选用的时候才加载--&
&servlet-name&controller&/servlet-name&
&servlet-class&org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet&/servlet-class&
&load-on-startup&2&/load-on-startup&
&/servlet&
&servlet-mapping&
&servlet-name&controller&/servlet-name&
&url-pattern&/&/url-pattern&
&/servlet-mapping&
&/web-app&
这里你发现，org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet这个类在spring包中的：org.springframework.web.servlet-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar中，所以你需要把他导入到lib下
===================web.xml配置文件大功告成==================
第四步，你试着启动下：），你发现他出错了：
五月 29, :04 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: F:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\C:\Windows\Sun\Java\C:\Windows\system32;C:\WF:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\jre\F:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\CC:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Windows\system32;C:\WC:\Windows\System32\WC:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\SD:\res\java\jar\apache-ant-1.8.2-bin\apache-ant-1.8.2\.
五月 29, :04 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:spring-mvc' did not find a matching property.
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 855 ms
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.27
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContextException
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2308)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1760)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.getDeclaredFields(WebAnnotationSet.java:452)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:257)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:64)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:381)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:858)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5161)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1711)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
... 21 more
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: Catalina.start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 11 more
五月 29, :05 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 653 ms
第五步：发现错误，解决错误
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContextException
这句话告诉我们，他找不到这个类，我们查看下spring jar包，发现他在：org.springframework.context-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar里面，于是，我加入到lib中，再次启动。
他继续报错：
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: F:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\C:\Windows\Sun\Java\C:\Windows\system32;C:\WF:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\jre\F:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\CC:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Windows\system32;C:\WC:\Windows\System32\WC:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\SD:\res\java\jar\apache-ant-1.8.2-bin\apache-ant-1.8.2\.
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:spring-mvc' did not find a matching property.
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 917 ms
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
五月 29, :58 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.27
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/core/env/EnvironmentCapable
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:791)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2889)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1170)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1678)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:791)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2889)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1170)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1678)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2308)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1760)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.getDeclaredFields(WebAnnotationSet.java:452)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:257)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:64)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:381)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:858)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5161)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.core.env.EnvironmentCapable
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1711)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
... 35 more
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: Catalina.start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 11 more
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 404 ms
发现错误：Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/core/env/EnvironmentCapable
我们继续到spring jar中去查找，继续报错，说少了org.springframework.core-3.1.0.RELEASE这个jar中，于是我把他导入到lib中。继续重启tomcat。
继续报错：
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
信息: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: F:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\C:\Windows\Sun\Java\C:\Windows\system32;C:\WF:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\jre\F:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\CC:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Windows LC:\Windows\system32;C:\WC:\Windows\System32\WC:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Live\SD:\res\java\jar\apache-ant-1.8.2-bin\apache-ant-1.8.2\.
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
警告: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:spring-mvc' did not find a matching property.
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
信息: Initialization processed in 996 ms
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
信息: Starting service Catalina
五月 29, :59 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
信息: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.27
五月 29, :00 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/spring-mvc]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/beans/factory/ListableBeanFactory
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:791)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2889)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1170)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1678)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:791)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2889)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1170)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1678)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Class.java:2308)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:1760)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.getDeclaredFields(WebAnnotationSet.java:452)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:257)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:64)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:381)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:858)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5161)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.beans.factory.ListableBeanFactory
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1711)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1556)
... 35 more
五月 29, :00 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
严重: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerGet(FutureTask.java:252)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1128)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
五月 29, :00 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
严重: Catalina.start:
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:675)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:322)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:732)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1136)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:302)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 11 more
五月 29, :00 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 413 ms
同上方法：他说这个找不到 org/springframework/beans/factory/ListableBeanFactory ，我把org.springframework.beans-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar包导入
接着他继续报错：Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/logging/L
于是乎，我继续导入jar包，（其实这个包是spring core那个jar包依赖与他的，你再env/AbstractEnvironment.java这个类中就有），于是我又去上网找了这个jar包
地址：http://commons.apache.org/logging/download_logging.cgi
我下载的版本是：commons-logging-1.1.1-bin.zip，解压开，我们需要里面的commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
把他放入lib中，重新启动，发现错误：
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/asm/ClassVisitor
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.asm.ClassVisitor
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/log4j/LogManager
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.LogManager
我把org.springframework.asm-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar 导入，
到http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/download.html下载：log4j-1.2.17.zip
重新启动tomcat：继续报错
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml] 说找不到这个文件。
第六步：他报错这么久了，我们试图跟踪下代码
1、首先从listener下手，服务器会加载监听器也就是web.xml里面的listener类：org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
既然他是listener，服务器监听的时候，会调用contextInitialized方法：
* Initialize the root web application context.
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
this.contextLoader = createContextLoader();
if (this.contextLoader == null) {
this.contextLoader =
this.contextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
我们可以看出他会使用initWebApplicationContext方法，对根上下文进行载入和初始化
2、继续跟踪到ContextLoader类中的initWebApplicationContext()方法
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
if (this.context == null) {
this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext((ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)this.context, servletContext);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.
else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startT
("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
return this.
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
catch (Error err) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
你设置断点，他会执行
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);
将WebApplicationContext作为一个属性设置到servletContext，我们知道servletContext是web的上下文，可理解为web的一个存储数据的地方，可以从他的实例获取静态的html啊，图片啊等资源。
当然，你就可以通过servletContext来获取spring的applicationContext了。
还有，上面代码：
if中的configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext((ConfigurableWebApplicationContext)this.context, servletContext);这行代码
protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
// The application context id is still set to its original default value
// -& assign a more useful id based on available information
String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
if (idParam != null) {
wac.setId(idParam);
// Generate default id...
if (sc.getMajorVersion() == 2 && sc.getMinorVersion() & 5) {
// Servlet &= 2.4: resort to name specified in web.xml, if any.
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getServletContextName()));
wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
// Determine parent for root web application context, if any.
ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(sc);
wac.setParent(parent);
wac.setServletContext(sc);
String initParameter = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
if (initParameter != null) {
wac.setConfigLocation(initParameter);
customizeContext(sc, wac);
wac.refresh();
你看到没有ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(sc);他得到了一个ApplicationContext，这个就是我们spring的上下文，我们很多工作都是从它开始，从它获取。
最重要的一个丹麦：wac.refresh();完成了对applicationContext的初始化，注册啊，封装bean的工作。
我们来解析refresh()
3、AbstractApplicationContext中refresh()
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
这个方法这个网址说的很好：/developerworks/cn/java/j-lo-spring-principle/ 你可以搜索：“如何创建 BeanFactory 工厂”。直接定位到想看的地方。
代码1：ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
refreshBeanFactory();
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
return beanF
这里有一个refreshBeanFactory();
代码2：refreshBeanFactory();
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanF
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
这个方法实现了 AbstractApplicationContext 的抽象方法 refreshBeanFactory，这段代码清楚的说明了 BeanFactory 的创建过程,loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory) 将找到答案，这个方法将开始加载、解析 Bean 的定义，也就是把用户定义的数据结构转化为 Ioc 容器中的特定数据结构。(抄自上面那个网址)
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {
// Create a new XmlBeanDefinitionReader for the given BeanFactory.
XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
// Configure the bean definition reader with this context's
// resource loading environment.
beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
// Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,
// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
跟踪这句话：
loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws IOException {
String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
if (configLocations != null) {
for (String configLocation : configLocations) {
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocation);
这句话： reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocation);
这里的configLocation就是要读取xml文件。
在这个类里面有这个一个方法：
* The default location for the root context is "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml",
* and "/WEB-INF/test-servlet.xml" for a context with the namespace "test-servlet"
* (like for a DispatcherServlet instance with the servlet-name "test").
protected String[] getDefaultConfigLocations() {
if (getNamespace() != null) {
return new String[] {DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_PREFIX + getNamespace() + DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_SUFFIX};
return new String[] {DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION};
看看上面的说明，默认的是读取上面两个配置文件，看看applicatinContext.xml 出现了。具体细节可以继续跟踪下去
直到XmlBeanDefinitionReader底下：这个方法报错
* Load bean definitions from the specified XML file.
* @param encodedResource the resource descriptor for the XML file,
* allowing to specify an encoding to use for parsing the file
* @return the number of bean definitions found
* @throws BeanDefinitionStoreException in case of loading or parsing errors
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
Set&EncodedResource& currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (currentResources == null) {
currentResources = new HashSet&EncodedResource&(4);
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
inputStream.close();
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
说明他找不到这个xml文件。。。
XmlBeanDefinitionReader这个类继承AbstractBeanDefinitionReader，而AbstractBeanDefinitionReader又实现了接口BeanDefinitionReader，这个接口的作用要求不同的实现类来读取不同的配置文件，像这里XmlBeanDefinitionReader就是要读取xml文件了，如果要读取Properties文件，就需要实现能够读取properties根式的类：org\springframework\beans\factory\support包底下：PropertiesBeanDefinitionRead.java。
那么这些类的作用是什么？
1、读取不同格式的文件，并把文件内容映射到BeanDefinition中，然后把映射后的BeanDefinition注册到一个BeanDefinitionRegistry，之后BeanDefinitionRegistry完成了Bean的注册和加载。大部分工作在于解析文件、映射装配BeanDefinition之类的工作（这个由BeanDefinitionReader来做），BeanDefinitionRegistry只负责保管。
2、spring每一个被管理的bean对象，在容器中都有一个BeanDefinition的实例与之对应，该实例负责保存对象的所
有必要信息，包括对应的对象的class类型、是否抽象、构造方法参数以及其他属性。当客户端向BeanFactory请求对象的时候，BeanFactory会通过这些信息为客户端返回一个完备可用的对象实例。
3、BeanFactory跟我们打交道，你向它要什么它就给你什么，对于你要的东西在哪里，对于我们是透明的，这个放置哪里怎么放的问题BeanDefinitionRegistry帮她解决了。
对于读取xml文件工作大概是这样的：（这段话和代码参考自：《spring揭秘》）
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanF
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionR
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanF
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionR
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//对我们客户端来说，我们只要与BeanFactory打交道
//这是beanFsctory的实现类，他间接的实现了BeanFactory，还实现了BeanDefinitionRegistry，所以他完成把bean注册到容器的工作，还提供beanfacotry实例
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanRegistry = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
BeanFactory container = (BeanFactory)bindViaXMLFile(beanRegistry);
container.getBean("你想要的类的名称");//在xml文件配置的bean名称
public static BeanFactory bindViaXMLFile(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(registry);
reader.loadBeanDefinitions("你的applicationContext.xml文件");
//XmlBeanDefinitionReader读取了xml文件，并能解析，封装bean对象的class类型，构造方法等信息到一个BeanDefinition中
return (BeanFactory)
第七步：配置applicationContext.xml文件
1、他就是上面的web.xml中listener——ContextLoaderListener这个类需要的。
2、上面说到把配置文件中的bean里面的信息注册到容器中，形如：
&bean id="User" class="org.test.User"/&//这样就可以了，
但是如果我需要很多个的话，配置文件会臃肿，下面我们使用annocation+classpath-scanning功能解决这个问题。
3、这时候请你打开spring的doc文档：spring-framework-3.1.0.RELEASE-with-docs\docs\spring-framework-reference\html\beans.html，这里面讲的很清楚。
4、我们来拷贝里面的xml配置文件吧，下面我们使用annocation+classpath-scanning，注意了classpath-scanning他会默认的使用一中命名规则来匹配，比如你的类名为UserGroup，他bean的定义名称为userGroup,相当于&bean id="userGroup" class=""UserGroup/&@Resource，两者的区别在于，一个是默认使用Type来匹配，一个是根据name来匹配。
@Autowired
private BeanF//他去注册的bean中找类型为BeanFactory的进行注入
private BeanF//他去bean中查找id="beanFactory"的那个
@Autowired使用时候，如果在xml配置文件中如果有两个bean如下&bean id="a" class="BeanFacotryA"/&
&bean id="c" class="BeanFacotryB"/&
BeanFacotryA和BeanFacotryB都实现了BeanFactory，那注入BeanFactory的时候，
他叫容器帮你注入a？还是c实例了？，
@Autowired
@Qualifier("a")
private BeanF
我们的applicationContext.xml就是下面的
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"&
&context:component-scan base-package="spring"&&/context:component-scan&
对于下面这个：
&context:component-scan base-package="spring"&，把他当做bean，注入到容器中。这个就厉害了，我们不需要在xml中一个一个去配置bean了。
第八步：重新启动服务器，你发现他继续报错，找不到applicationContext.xml。
注意了，我的applicationContext.xm放在classpath底下，所以他找不到，于是我在web.xml添加下面几行来告诉spring的那个listener去这个地方找applicationContext.xml
&/welcome-file-list&
&context-param&
&param-name&contextConfigLocation&/param-name&
&param-value&classpath:applicationContext.xml&/param-value&
&/context-param&
&!--配置listener --&
..............
..............
第九步：你重新启动他报错，“java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/expression/PropertyAccessor”，我们引入org.springframework.expression-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar包
第十步：重新启动，又报错：Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/controller-servlet.xml]，这个文件配置了controller的转发的映射关系。我们到spring的doc目录底下去找找。spring-framework-3.1.0.RELEASE-with-docs/docs/spring-framework-reference/html/mvc.html#mvc-servlet这个网页里面看看。
controll-servlet.xml如下：
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"&
&context:component-scan base-package="spring"/&
最后web.xml文件如下：
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="/xml/ns/javaee /xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"&
&display-name&spring-mvc&/display-name&
&!--配置欢迎界面
&welcome-file-list&
&welcome-file&index.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&index.jsp&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.html&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.htm&/welcome-file&
&welcome-file&default.jsp&/welcome-file&
&/welcome-file-list&
&context-param&
&param-name&contextConfigLocation&/param-name&
&param-value&classpath:applicationContext.xml&/param-value&
&/context-param&
&!--配置listener --&
&!--在这里可以配置spring的监听器，启动的时候需要把spring中的bean都注册到spring容器中
，当然他需要读取一个配置文件applicationContext.xml --&
&listener&
&listener-class&org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener&/listener-class&
&/listener&
&!--配置log包
&listener&
&listener-class&org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener&/listener-class&
&/listener&
&!--配置filter对编码进行转换
&filter-class&org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter&/filter-class&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&init-param&
&param-name&encoding&/param-name&
&param-value&UTF-8&/param-value&
&/init-param&
&init-param&
&param-name&forceEncoding&/param-name&
&param-value&true&/param-value&&!-- 强制进行转码 --&
&/init-param&
&filter-mapping&
&filter-name&encodingFilter&/filter-name&
&url-pattern&/*&/url-pattern&
&/filter-mapping&
&!--配置servlet
&!--我们希望spring的控制器比其他servlet优先启动，所以你需要设置load-on-startup
这个东西：值越小越先启动（0-5），没有或者为负数的时候，servlet被选用的时候才加载--&
&servlet-name&controller&/servlet-name&
&servlet-class&org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet&/servlet-class&
&load-on-startup&2&/load-on-startup&
&init-param&
&param-name&contextConfigLocation&/param-name&
&param-value&classpath:controller-servlet.xml&/param-value&
&/init-param&
&/servlet&
&servlet-mapping&
&servlet-name&controller&/servlet-name&
&url-pattern&/&/url-pattern&
&/servlet-mapping&
&/web-app&
启动服务器，终于不报错了。。
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=--=-=-spring mvc基本配置完成-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
配置日志，开发人员查看debug日志
1、我们发现我们启动tomcat的并没有打印出出spring包里面写的日志内容，日志内容对开发人员跟踪错误是有帮助的，所以我们先加入日志。
2、日志的三种选择：
1、从jdk1.4开始他有自带的logging这个日志类，用来记录日志。由于他的扩展性差、易用性差所以出现了Log4j控件
2、见上面的截图，有log4j这个jar包吧。
3、commons-logging，他是apache commons底下的一个类库，这个比较通用，他可以判断如果有Log4j，他就把日志输出功能交给Log4j去处理，如果没有Log4j功能，他就交给了jdk的日志功能去处理。
3、配置文件log4j.properties(默认名称)
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout
log4j.categroy.org.hibernate.SQL=DEBUG
log4j.category.org.springframework=INFO
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%c]-[%p] %m%n
第一行，把Info的信息输出给stdout中
第二、三行，以log4j.category开头，后面跟着包名，就是配置包底下的日志输出，看上面有配置spring包底下的日志输出
第四行，输出到哪里？输出到控制台
第五行和第六航，输出的格式和布局
这个只是输出到控制台，对于tomcat底下跟踪日志，我们设置更高级别，并使用日志文件来输出，提供以后查看（以后再说。）
这时候你可以看到一系列的日志输出。
15:02:58,866 [org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader]-[INFO] Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started
15:02:58,962 [org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext]-[INFO] Refreshing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Sat Jun 02 15:02:58 CST 2012]; root of context hierarchy
15:02:59,024 [org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader]-[INFO] Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]
15:02:59,310 [org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer]-[INFO] Loading properties file from class path resource [hibernate.properties]
15:02:59,326 [org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory]-[INFO] Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFact: defining beans [org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer#0,dataSource,org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor$ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor#0]; root of factory hierarchy
15:02:59,340 [com.mchange.v2.log.MLog]-[INFO] MLog clients using log4j logging.
spring集成hibernate
1、spring对ORM解决方案主要有三个：统一了管理方式，无论你是使用JDBC还是ORM，我们都只要使用spring提供给我们的接口即可，对底层JDBC或者ORM是透明的；spring提供了统一的事务管理了，我们只要使用它的事务管理机制就可以了，不用在代码中写什么事务启动，事务回滚的代码；异常统一处理方式（不同的数据库报的异常不相同，如果把异常交给用户处理，他们会累死，所以spring对不同的异常他都进行了封装处理）
2、一般我们写hibernate，有几个步骤：
1、获得session
2、通过session获取事务开始，Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
3、写我们的业务逻辑代码（增删改查操作）
4、事务提交 tx.commit();
5、关闭session
6、如果有异常，需要进行回滚catch(异常) {回滚} finally{...}
在软件开发过程我们很强调把不变得东西给抽象出来，作为一个单独的处理代码。那么，哪里不变？是不是除了业务逻辑代码之外，其他代码都是一样的。所以我们考虑把其他的单独抽出来（这里可以使用设计模式中的模板方法）
有一个模板是这样的
模板方法(一个回调对象, session) {
1、获得session
2、利用回调对象，处理业务逻辑
3、处理异常
对于我们用户来说，只要写一个回调对象，处理业务逻辑即可。。异常代码、回滚代码都不用我们来写。
—————以上就是HibernateTemplate核心模板方法，这个类做了这一个封装抽象的工作。
我们发现上面模板方法已经对异常进行的处理，这个就是前面说的spring统一了异常处理。
这个模板提供了4组查询方法：
1、get模板办法——根据id到数据库查询对象，如果没有则方法null
2、load模板办法——根据id到数据库加载对象，如果没有则抛出异常，而不是null
3、find模板方法
4、iterate模板方法
对于get和load区别说一下：来自csdn
最大的区别：
1＞load先到缓存中去查，如果没有则返回一个代理对象（不马上到DB中去找），等 后面
使用这个代理对象操作的时候，才到DB中。如还没有找到return Exception
2&get先到缓存中去查，（注意这里不是返回一个代理对象）如果没有就到DB中去查，还没有的话return null
总之，如果你确定DB中有这个对象就用load(),不确定就用get()（这样效率高）
3、hiberateTemplate如果获取session的？
Hiberante中获取session是根据SessionFactory来的，一切都是从sessionFactory开始，这个类他相当于一个数据源，所以我们的hiberanteTemplate一定需要必须需要用到他。
SessionFactory从哪里来？Spring提供了一个LocalSessionFacotryBean，你只要把数据源注入给他，调用他的getObject方法，就有sessionFactory对象了。
所以很经常见到配置文件：
&bean id="sessionFacotry" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"&
&property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/&
//上面这里就是数据源了
当然你如果想要用注解的也有，AnnotationSessionFactoryBean，你可以service层使用注解注入。
4、下面我们来配置
在我们下载的
Hibernate ORM 4.1.2 Release这个jar中hibernate-release-4.1.2.Final\lib\optional\c3p0找到c3p0-0.9.1.jar，加入到lib底下。
applicationcontext.xml需要配置数据源以及占位符文件
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"&
&context:component-scan base-package="spring"&&/context:component-scan&
&!--告诉spring去哪里获取占位符的配置文件
&bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"&
&property name="locations"&
&value&classpath:hibernate.properties&/value&
&/property&
&!--配置数据源
&bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.boPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"&
&property name="driverClass"&&value&${db.driver}&/value&&/property&
&property name="jdbcUrl"&&value&${db.url}&/value&&/property&
&property name="user"&&value&${db.user}&/value&&/property&
&property name="password"&&value&${db.password}&/value&&/property&
&!--数据源提供给spring的sessionFactory，这里我们要求是使用注解方式，所以spring要选择AnnotationSessionFactoryBean来获取sessionFactory
当然你如果要用xml的，使用LoaclSessionFactoryBean来配置，当然这里的AnnotationSessionFactoryBean是继承LoaclSessionFactoryBean
&bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"&
&property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/&
&!--让spring帮你扫描这个包底下的所有类，主要作用扫描跟数据库对应的实体类
&property name="packagesToScan" value="spring.model"/&
&!--设置hibernate的属性
&property name="hibernateProperties"&
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
&/property&
占位符hibernate.properties文件，放在classpath目录下
db.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
db.user=root
db.password=root
上面报错了，需要引入：org.springframework.orm-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar（作为hibernate关联）、org.springframework.transaction-3.1.0.RELEASE.jar(事务、dao支持)、hibernate-core-4.1.2.Final.jar(hibernate的必须的)、hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar（hibernate必须的）、jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar（hibernate必须的）
这时候你启动下，发现报错：
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/hibernate/cache/CacheP
百度，google下：
hibernate4整合spring3.1的过程中，发现了java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/hibernate/cache/CacheProvider异常，查了一下相关资料，原来发现hibernate4已经将hibernate3的一些功能改掉了，在hibernate4已经不使用CacheProvider了，所以做了以下修改，原先：&bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"&改成：&bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"&问题解决，发现可以正常使用了
所以我们更改下，applicationContext.xml的配置
&?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&
&beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"&
&context:component-scan base-package="spring"&&/context:component-scan&
&!--告诉spring去哪里获取占位符的配置文件
&bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"&
&property name="locations"&
&value&classpath:hibernate.properties&/value&
&/property&
&!--配置数据源
&bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.boPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"&
&property name="driverClass"&&value&${db.driver}&/value&&/property&
&property name="jdbcUrl"&&value&${db.url}&/value&&/property&
&property name="user"&&value&${db.user}&/value&&/property&
&property name="password"&&value&${db.password}&/value&&/property&
&!--数据源提供给spring的sessionFactory，这里我们要求是使用注解方式，
所以spring要选择AnnotationSessionFactoryBean来获取sessionFactory
当然你如果要用xml的，使用LoaclSessionFactoryBean来配置，
当然这里的AnnotationSessionFactoryBean是继承LoaclSessionFactoryBean
但是发现，hibernate4版本更改了，会报错误“java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/hibernate/cache/CacheP”
&!-- &bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean"&
&property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/&
让spring帮你扫描这个包底下的所有类，主要作用扫描跟数据库对应的实体类
&property name="packagesToScan" value="spring.model"/&
设置hibernate的属性
&property name="hibernateProperties"&
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
&/property&
&/bean& --&
&!--看看源码中的这段话，其实它更接近于annotation，你跟进代码，发现他是支持注解的
&p&&b&NOTE:&/b& This variant of LocalSessionFactoryBean requires Hibernate 4.0
* or higher. It is similar in role to the same-named class in the &code&orm.hibernate3&/code&
* package. However, in practice, it is closer to &code&AnnotationSessionFactoryBean&/code&
* since its core purpose is to bootstrap a &code&SessionFactory&/code& from annotation scanning.
&bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"&
&property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/&
&!-- 让spring帮你扫描这个包底下的所有类，主要作用扫描跟数据库对应的实体类
&property name="packagesToScan" value="spring.model"/&
&!-- 设置hibernate的属性
&property name="hibernateProperties"&
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
&/property&
我们发现，他还是报错，少了包，继续添加:
当然，上面jdbc.driver的jar包还没有加入。dom4j-1.6.1.jar(hibernate必须的)、hibernate-commons-annotation