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& 2017届高考英语一轮复习夯实练习：选修8U3《Inventors and inventions》（新人教版含解析）
2017届高考英语一轮复习夯实练习：选修8U3《Inventors and inventions》（新人教版含解析）
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2017高考英语（人教版）选修8U3一轮夯实练习及答案
(2016·湖南东部六校高三联One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving.It is __1__(frequent)referred to as Black Friday.The use of the word “black” relates __2__ the business accountants.Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink.So __3__(be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing，a return to profits.
Black Friday is the big day for many retailers，and it presents the shopper an opportunity __4__(get) all of one’s holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices.On that day，most retailers will open very early __5__ usually
provide massive and attractive discounts on their products，while a great number of holiday shoppers will get __6__ early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.
Black Friday also means that people face crowded stores，__7__ is the other idea of a “Black Friday”，a day they do not like.It used to be the
__8__(busy) shopping day of a year.Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress
__9__(involve) in fighting the crowds.In recent
years the Saturday before Christmas __10__(see) the biggest shopping crowds.
【语篇导读】　本文介绍了黑色星期五的由来。
1．frequently　[考查副词。句意：它频繁地被称作“黑色星期五”。空处修饰动词短语is referred to，应用副词。]
2．to　[考查固定搭配。relate to...“和……有关”，是固定短语。]
3．being　[考查动名词作主语。分析句子结构可知，本处being“in the black”on the Friday after Thanksgiving作主语。]
4．to get　[考查非谓语动词。它给顾客一个以惊人的价格获得商品的机会。本处应用动词不定式作the opportunity的定语。]
5．and　[考查并列连词。多数的商家都会早早地开门迎客，同时为顾客提供很多吸引人的折扣。本处and连接两个并列的谓语。]
6．an　[考查冠词。an early start“一个早的开始”，此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词；又因early的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。]
7．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本处应为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的“people face crowded stores”这句话，应用关系代词which。]
8．busiest　[考查形容词最高级。它过去常常是一年中最繁忙的购物the可知，本处应用最高级busiest。]
9．involved　[考查非谓语动词。很多人避免在这一天购物，因为会卷入抵抗人群的压力中。involve与stress为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。]
10．has seen　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years可知，本处应用现在完成时，主语the Saturday before Christmas为单数，故用has seen。]
单句语法填空
1．Dr.Fleming's ________ (discover)of penicillin occurred in 1928.
2．The number of tigers has reduced ________ (abrupt)in the last fifty years.
3．He is a young artist with great ________ (expect)．
4．We cannot emphasize too much the ____ (important)of learning English.
5．The paper seems to me of no ________ (practice)importance.
6．The soldiers had to retreat when they were ________ (beat)in battle.
7．Speech ________ distinguish)human beings from the animals.
8．Each unit leader needed a flag，or colour，to be easily seen for ________ (identity)during a battle.
9．Read this story，________ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.
10．________ (arm)with the information you have gathered，you can set about preparing your business plan.
答案　1.discovery　2.abruptly　3.expectation　4.importance　5.practical　6.beaten　7.distinguishes8．Identification　9.and　10.Armed
In parts of Africa, the sky is filled with a dark cloud. But this is no rain cloud. It is a living cloud made of billions of locusts that are traveling across the continent eating everything in their path.
And in the battle to stop this disaster, a radio station in Senegal, West Africa, is offering listeners 50 kilograms of rice if they can catch and kill 50 kilograms of locusts. The radio station is in one of Senegal’s worst affected regions.
This is West Africa’s biggest locust disaster in 15 years, and it is moving east, causing huge damage to crops. As they move, they breed, and increase their number and will soon threaten Sudan in the northeast of Africa. Some say it could reach Asia.
Experts say the great damage to crops in areas already suffering from food shortages and war could cause many people to go hungry. Governments in the region are not well equipped to fight the pest.
Although leaders of 12 countries have agreed on a plan, it is not expected to be enough. “We are now treating 6,000 hectares per day with pesticide, but we need to treat 20,000 hectares per day in order to have any hope of controlling this disaster,” said Mohamed Abdallahi Ould Babah, director of locust control in Mauritania.
Requests are being made for international aid, which is the only way to limit the crisis, the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned.
1. The purpose of offering people rice for catching locusts in Senegal is ________.
A. to get more people to eat rice so as to leave less for locusts
B. to get more people involved in the war on the locusts
C. to prevent more people from starvation
D. to get more people to listen to the radio report on locusts
2. Which of the following is not the reason for West Africans going hungry?
A. Locust disaster causes the great damage to crops.
B. Food supply is far from the need of the people.
C. These regions are affected by the war.
D. Governments are unwilling to fight the pest.
3. It can be concluded that, in order to end the locust disaster, ________.
A. leaders of 12 countries in West Africa should call on their people to take action
B. insects experts should be sent to these regions
C. other countries outside Africa should keep close watch on their own lands
D. Help from all over the world is in urgent demand
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Food shortage in Africa.
B. International aid to Africa.
C. The insects attack on Africa.
D. Terrible storm in Africa.
1. B 推测题。根据第二段意义，广播电台向听众悬赏捕杀蝗虫。可推测出其目的是让更多的人参与到救灾行动中来。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段意义：专家称一些地区本来就食品匮乏，并饱受战火之苦，而灾害给农作物产量造成的损失更是雪上加霜。许多人因此而挨饿。
3. D 推理题。根据短文最后一段的意义：国际社会施以援手是抑制灾情的唯一方法。由此推理可得“国际援助迫在眉睫”。
4. C 主旨题。根据短文第一段的描述及下文的阐发可看出本文的主题是“非洲西部的虫灾”。
The pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of Providing 24-hour services which can be used through, many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”
The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.
Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.
Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged
reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the
which is the early stages of development
is an online library of figures of the city being built up by a content company in Cahoots, in which users with the encouraged to add to and comment on the material.
Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library’s
and services open to citizens as sever before.”
1.The underline part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of____
A. the equipment
the project
C. the digital media
the physical library
2.While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can_____
A. get a general idea of the LoB
B. meet more world-famous experts
C. learn how to put up a library building
D. understand how the specialists work on the project
3.Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?
a. It offers better learning tools
b. It reaches users in different ways
c. It provides users with smart phone
d. It allows users to enrich its material
e. It gives non-stop physical and digital services
A. a, b, d
B. a, c ,e
C. b, c, d
D. b, d, e
4.This ext more from
A. a put book
B. a library guide
C. a handbook
D. newspaper report
【参考答案】1—4、BA AD
四、七选五
(2015·黑龙江佳木斯重点中学一模)
Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. __1__
According to a recent research, the most common argument between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. __2__
On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for dropping the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room.
The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different approaches to these problems. __3__
For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but later clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children's behavior. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the thrills of their actions can do better. __4__ Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. __5__ It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
A．On the one hand, parents go mad over messy rooms.
B．There are many reasons for this.
C．Then again, teenagers have similar feelings about their parents.
D．Communication is a two-way process.
E．However, some approaches are more successful than others.
F．Psychologists say that communication is the most important thing in parent-child relationships.
G．It is better for children and parents to understand each other.
文章大意：本文首先指出父母与十几岁的孩子之间存在矛盾冲突及其原因，然后是研究发现的不同父母对此采取的不同方法，有的方法较另一些方法更有效果，最后一段是心理学家对解决冲突的建议。
1．C　考查上下文逻辑关系，根据关键词similar feelings，再者，下文意思是表示家长和孩子都表示和对方不好相处。故答案选C。
2．A　考查上下文逻辑关系，根据关键词：on one hand，... On the other hand ...。
3．E　考查上下文逻辑关系，根据关键词approach，下文是讲的一些家长的做法，故E项正确。
4．F　考查上下文逻辑关系，根据关键词communication，下文主要讲的家长和孩子之间的交流，故答案F正确。
5．D　考查上下文逻辑关系，根据关键词two-way process, 双向过程，即下文所说的“听和说的过程”，故答案选D。
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语法填空＋短文改错组合练(七)题组(一)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·石家庄市模拟)Dogsare__1__verypopularpet.Mostofthemjustlivewiththeirfamilies.Butsomedogshaveveryspecialjobs__2__(do).Agroupofdogs__3__(know)as“TherapyDogs”.Thesedogsarefamilypetswithspecialtraining,__4__allowsthemtogointopublicbuildingsandcomfortpeople__5__need.Thedogsaretrainedtobecalmandquiet.Loudnoisesandunfamiliarplacesdon'tfrightenthem.Theyenjoyspendingtimewithpeople.Sometherapydogsgointoplaces,suchashospitalsandnursinghomes.Whenthedogsvisitthepatients,thepatientsarecheeredup.Theyhavefun__6__(pet)thedogsandlookforwardtotheirvisits.Thedogshelptobrightentheirday.Therapydogscanimprovepeople'shealthaswell.Studiesshowthatwhenpeoplepetanimals,theirblood__7__(press)andheartratesgodown.Theyarecalmerand__8__(they)moodimproves.Othertherapydogsworkinschoolsandlibraries.Theyserveaswarmandcaring__9__(friend)tochildren,buttheyalsodo__10__(much).InonetowninCalifornia,therapydogshavebecomechildren'sreadingbuddies.Thedogsmakeagreataudience.Thechildrenlookforwardtoreadingtothedogs,andthedogslovetheattention.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________Ⅱ.短文改错(2016·兰州市诊断考试)Thismorning,IwasjoggingintheparkwhenIcaughtsightawalletonabench.Clear,someonehadleftittherebyanaccident.Ipickeditupandcheckedthecontents.Insidethem,Ifoundsomemoneyoracardwithaphonenumber.Believingthattheownerwouldbeworrying,Iimmediatelytrythenumber.Amananswereditinananxiousvoice.HeardthatIhadhiswallet,hesighedwithreliefandtoldmehewouldreturnrightaway.Tenminutelater,themanarrived.Afterconfirminghewastheowner,Ihandedthewalletbackwithhim.Withhisthumbup,heexpressedhisgratitudetomerepeatedly.Seeingthesmileonhisface,IfelthappythatIwasabletohelp.题组(二)Ⅰ.语法填空(2016·湖南省东部六校联考)OneofthemajorholidayshoppingdaysisthedayafterThanksgiving.Itis__1__(frequent)referredtoasBlackFriday.Theuseoftheword“black”relates__2__thebusinessaccountants.Storekeepersusedtorecordprofitsinblackinkandlossesinredink.So__3__(be)“intheblack”ontheFridayafterThanksgiv
正在加载中，请稍后...Profits in his company went up by 25% last year, and so far this year though the financial situation is bad. A. haven’t decreased B. didn’t decrease C. haven’t been decreased D. weren’t decreased 题目和参考答案——精英家教网——
成绩波动大？难提高？听顶级名师视频辅导，
& 题目详情
Profits in his company went up by 25% last year, and ___ ___ so far this year though the financial situation is bad. A. haven’t decreased B. didn’t decrease C. haven’t been decreased D. weren’t decreased &
请在这里输入关键词：
科目：高中英语
Profits in his company went up by 25% last year,and _____ so far this year though the
&& financial situation is bad.? &&& &A.haven’t decreased &&&& B.didn’t decrease? &&&& C.haven’t been decreased &&&& D.weren’t decreased?
科目：高中英语
来源：2013届湖北省武汉市武昌区高三上学期期末调研测试英语试卷（带解析）
题型：阅读理解
It is "one of the few bright spots in the Chinese economy," says Zeng Ming． He is talking about e-commerce． Mr Zeng, the chief strategy officer for Alibaba, a giant Chinese Internet firm, predicts that digital transactions on his firm's platforms will top l trillion yuan （$159 billion） this year-more than Amazon's and eBay's combined． That is a bold claim, but consider what happened on Singles Sunday．Invented a few years ago by students and seized upon by digital marketers, this festival for lonely hearts falls annually on the& llth day of the llth month （since l is the loneliest number）．It is like St Valentine's Day, only worse． Singletons shower each other with tender gifts: a storm of sweets．This November llth they spent a surprising 19 billion yuan on Alibaba's online platforms-a fourfold increase on a year ago, and more than double what Americans spent online last Cyber Monday （the Monday after Thanksgiving, when retailers urge Americans to shop online）． About 100m purchases were logged, accounting for 80% of the packages shipped that day． Couriers（怏递员） were buried in parcels．So life is good for China's e-tailers, then? Not exactly． The number of digital marketers is increasing and online sales are booming． Consumers are enjoying lower prices, better service and more variety． The problem? The pressure on profits in Chinese e-commerce is worse than in America, reckons Elinor Leung of CLSA, a broker． "Almost no one makes money," she says． The fiercest battles are being fought between online retailers and their bricks-and-mortar（实体的） rivals．Dangdang, a firm． that resembles Amazon,．and 360buy, another online retailer, have cut prices fiercely． Tencent, a cash-rich online giant known for its instant-messaging software, is splashing out to win market share． 360buy has also just raised $400m from investors to do the same． But it is unclear how much longer such firms can burn through capital．【小题1】What's the best title of this passage?A．The Ambition of AlibabaB．Fierce Competition between RetailersC．A Newly Sprung Festival for the SinglesD．Chinese Booming and Developing E-commerce【小题2】According to Zeng Ming, this year Alibaba will&&&&&&&&．A．outweigh Amazon and eBay in worldwide influenceB．rank top among all the Internet firmsC．have more than 159 billion dollars' saleD．create another sales miracle just like the one on Singles Day【小题3】How many packages were shipped on November ll th from Alibaba's online platforms?A．About 80 million．B．About 100 million．C．About 125 million．D．About 180 million．【小题4】What's the author's attitude towards online retailers in China?A．Optimistic．B．Concerned．C．Sympathetic．D．Indifferent．
科目：高中英语
来源：广东省广州市执信中学2010届高三上学期期末考试
题型：阅读理解
第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving. It is frequently referred to&&&& 31&&&& Black Friday. The use of the word “black” relates to the business accountants. Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink. So&&&& 32&&&& (be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing, a return to profit.Black Friday is the big day for many retailers, and it presents the shopper an opportunity&&&& 33&&&& (get) all of one’s holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices. On that day, most retailers&&&& 34&&&& (open) very early and usually provide massive and&&&& 35&&&& (attract) discounts on their product,&&& 36&&&& a great number of holiday shoppers will get an early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.Black Friday&&&& 37&&&& means that people face crowded stores,&&& 38&&&& is the other idea of a “Black Friday”,&&& 39&&&& day they do not like. It used to be&&&& 40&&&& (busy) shopping day of a year. Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress involved in fighting the crowds. In recent years the Saturday before Christmas has seen the biggest shopping crowds.
科目：高中英语
来源：2014届福建省四地六校高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版）
题型：阅读理解
&All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal-Mart to buy everything．In Texas, they come for another reason: to see thewind turbine(涡轮机) , which supplies 5% of the store'selectricity．It along with other facilities, such asexterior walls coated with heat-reflective paint, makes this Wal-Mart a greengiant．The laws of economics suggest that Wal-Mart, with 5,200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the price of all kinds ofgoods．It throws its weight behind environmentalresponsibility, and the impact could be amazing．&Onelittle change in product packaging could& save 1, 500 trees,& saysWal-Mart CEO Lee Scott．&If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50barrels of oil, at the end of the day you have made a huge difference．&Scott wants Wal-Mart to do its part too．He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse-gasemissions （排放） over the next few years and promised toconstruct new stores that are more efficient．He wantsWal-Mart's fleet (车队) of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twiceas many miles per gallon by 2015．Factoriesthat show Wal-Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferentialtreatment in the supply chain. Wal-Mart says it's working with consumer-productmanufacturers to& reduce their packaging and will reward them if they doso．Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attentionfrom Wal-Mart's controversial labor and health-insurance practices．But it's not just window dressing, because Wal-Martsees profits in going green．Scott says, &Thisis a business philosophy, not a social philosophy．We don't go where we don't think there's a greatinterest in change．&Like Bill Gates, who started his charitablefoundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal-Mart's image at a time when hiscompany's reputation is declining．Heacknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield （保护，庇护） Wal-Mart from bad press about its contribution toglobal warming．& By doing what we're doing today, weavoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not doanything,& he says．&At some point businesses will be heldresponsible for the actions they take．&Meanwhile, should Wal-Mart succeed at shrinking its environmental footprint andlowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company will profit．1.We can infer from the passage that ______．A. Lee Scott is Wal-Mart's CEOB. there are 5, 200 stores in the worldC. Wal-Mart has a great influence on the world marketD. Wal-Mart has more than 7, 000 trucks all over theworld2.What does the underlined sentence &This is abusiness philosophy, not a social philosophy．& meanin the fourth paragraph?A. Wal-Mart predicts huge profits in its greenactivity．B. Wal-Mart's green activity is just window dressing．C. Wal-Mart aims to solve its health-insurancepractices．D. Wal-Mart doesn't have any social responsibility atall．3.What will Wal-Mart probably do in the future?A．Reduce air pollution inits present stores．B．Give favorable treatmentto its consumers．C．Ask the factories toreduce their packaging．D．Demand the fleet oftrucks to use more fuel than before．4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Provide the background ofthe green plan．B．Stress the purpose ofWal-Mart's green plan．C．Present the risk thatWal-Mart is facing nowadays．D．Analyze the similaritybetween Bill Gates and Scott.&
科目：高中英语
来源：江苏省学年高二下学期期末考试试卷（英语）
题型：单项填空
The financial crisis has led to a sharp______ in profits in many factories.
A．decline
B．increase
C．deadline
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